SFI SYSTEM, Diagnostic DTC:P2445

DESCRIPTION

Refer to P2431.

Click here

MONITOR DESCRIPTION

The ECM monitors the pressure in the secondary air passage using the air pressure sensor located on the air switching valve of the secondary air injection system. The sensor measures the pressure in the secondary air passage and transmits a signal to the ECM.

If either of the following conditions occurs, the ECM interprets it as a malfunction of the secondary air injection system, and illuminates the MIL and stores a DTC:

• The pressure indicated by the air pressure sensor does not reach threshold levels despite the ECM turning on the air pump.

• The pressure indicated by the air pressure sensor exceeds threshold levels despite the ECM turning off the air pump.

MONITOR STRATEGY

TYPICAL MALFUNCTION THRESHOLDS

CONFIRMATION DRIVING PATTERN

1. Start the engine and warm it up.

2. Turn the ignition switch off.

3. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

4. Turn the ignition switch to ON and turn the GTS on.

5. Clear the DTCs (even if no DTCs are stored, perform the clear DTC procedure).

6. Turn the ignition switch off and wait for at least 30 seconds.

7. Turn the ignition switch to ON and turn the GTS on.

8. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Utility / Secondary Air Injection Check / Automatic Mode.

9. Start the engine after the GTS initialization is finished.

10. Perform the System Check operation by pressing Next.

11. Perform the following to confirm the secondary air injection system pending DTCs: Press Exit button.

12. Check for pending DTCs.

    Tech Tips

    
    

    • If a pending DTC is output, the system is malfunctioning.

    • If a pending DTC is not output, perform the following procedure.

13. After the "Air injection check" is completed, check for All Readiness by entering the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Utility / All Readiness.

14. Input the DTC: P2445.

15. Check the DTC judgment result.

    GTS Display	Description
    NORMAL	DTC judgment completed System normal
    ABNORMAL	DTC judgment completed System abnormal
    INCOMPLETE	DTC judgment not completed Perform driving pattern after confirming DTC enabling conditions
    N/A	Unable to perform DTC judgment Number of DTCs which do not fulfill DTC preconditions has reached ECU memory limit

    Tech Tips

    
    

    • If the judgment result shows NORMAL, the system is normal.

    • If the judgment result shows ABNORMAL, the system has a malfunction.

    • If the judgment result shows INCOMPLETE or N/A, perform the Confirmation Driving Pattern and check the DTC judgment result again.

WIRING DIAGRAM

Refer to DTC P0412.

Click here

CAUTION / NOTICE / HINT

• By using the GTS to perform the Secondary Air Injection Check operation in the System Check, the air fuel ratio and the pressure in the secondary air injection system passage can be checked while the secondary air injection system is operating. This helps technicians to troubleshoot the system when it malfunctions. Furthermore, Pending Codes also can be checked by performing System Check / Automatic Mode after the repair.

• Read freeze frame data using the GTS. Freeze frame data records the engine condition when malfunctions are detected. When troubleshooting, freeze frame data can help determine if the vehicle was moving or stationary, if the engine was warmed up or not, if the air fuel ratio was lean or rich, and other data from the time the malfunction occurred.

PROCEDURE

1. CHECK ANY OTHER DTCS OUTPUT (IN ADDITION TO DTC P2445)

   
   

   1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

   2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

   3. Turn the GTS on.

   4. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Trouble Codes.

      
      Powertrain > Engine > Trouble Codes

   5. Read DTCs.

      Result
      Result Proceed to DTC P2445 is output A DTC P2445 and P0418 are output B DTC P2445 and other DTCs (except P0418) are output C

      If any DTCs other than P2445 and/or P0418 are output, troubleshoot those DTCs first.

   
   

   B

   GO TO AIR PUMP INSPECTION PROCEDURE Click here

   C

   GO TO DTC CHART Click here

   A

2. PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS (SECONDARY AIR INJECTION SYSTEM OPERATION)

   
   

   1. Start the engine and warm it up.

   2. Turn the ignition switch off.

   3. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

   4. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

   5. Turn the GTS on.

   6. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Utility / Secondary Air Injection Check / Manual Mode / AIR PUMP: ON, ASV: OPEN and AIR PUMP: OFF, ASV: CLOSE.

      Tech Tips

      When Manual Mode is selected, the GTS initialization (atmospheric pressure measurement) is performed automatically. The initialization takes 10 seconds. After the initialization, air pump and air switching valve operation can be selected.

      
      Powertrain > Engine > Utility

      Tester Display
      Secondary Air Injection Check

   7. Start the engine.

   8. Perform the secondary air injection system intrusive operation while the engine is idling.

   9. Check that the air pump (AIR PUMP), air switching valve (ASV) and pressure in the secondary air injection system passage (PRESSURE) status displayed on the GTS match the conditions shown in the table below.

      Standard
      GTS Operation AIR PUMP ASV PRESSURE* AIR PUMP: ON, ASV: OPEN ON ON 1 kPa or more AIR PUMP: OFF, ASV: CLOSE OFF OFF Less than 3.3 kPa

      *: Average pumping pressure. The pressure should be 1 kPa or more when the secondary air injection system operates.

   10. Turn the ignition switch off.

       Note

       
       

       • This Secondary Air Injection Check only allows technicians to operate the secondary air injection system for a maximum of 5 seconds.

         Furthermore, the check can only be performed up to 4 times per trip. If the test is repeated, intervals of at least 30 seconds are required between checks.

         While secondary air injection system operation using the GTS is prohibited, the GTS display indicates the prohibition (WAIT or ERROR).

         If ERROR is displayed on the GTS during the test, stop the engine for 10 minutes, and then try again.

       • Performing the Secondary Air Injection Check repeatedly may cause damage to the secondary air injection system. If necessary, leave an interval of several minutes between System Check operations to prevent the system from overheating.

       • When performing the Secondary Air Injection Check operation after the battery cable has been reconnected, wait for 7 minutes with the ignition switch turned to ON or the engine running.

       • Turn the ignition switch off when the Secondary Air Injection Check operation finishes.

       Result
       Proceed to OK NG

   
   

   NG

   GO TO STEP 4 Click here

   OK

3. CHECK WHETHER DTC OUTPUT RECURS (DTC P2445)

   
   

   1. Start the engine and warm it up.

   2. Turn the ignition switch off.

   3. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

   4. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

   5. Turn the GTS on.

   6. Clear DTCs (if stored).

   7. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Utility / Secondary Air Injection Check / Automatic Mode.

      
      Powertrain > Engine > Utility

      Tester Display
      Secondary Air Injection Check

   8. Start the engine after the GTS initialization is finished.

   9. Perform the System Check operation by pressing Next.

   10. After operating the secondary air injection system, perform the following to confirm the secondary air injection system pending codes: Press the Exit button.

   11. Check pending DTCs.

   12. Turn the ignition switch off.

       Note

       
       

       • When performing the Secondary Air Injection Check operation after the battery cable has been reconnected, wait for 7 minutes with the ignition switch turned to ON or the engine running.

       • Turn the ignition switch off when the Secondary Air Injection Check operation finishes.

       Result
       Result Proceed to DTC P2445 is output A No pending DTC B

   
   

   B

   CHECK FOR INTERMITTENT PROBLEMS Click here

   A

4. CHECK VACUUM HOSES (AIR PRESSURE SENSOR - AIR SWITCHING VALVE)

   
   

   1. Check the vacuum hose connections with the air pressure sensor and air switching valve.

   2. Inspect the vacuum hose for blockages and damage.

      OK
      Vacuum hose has no blockages or damage.

      Result
      Proceed to OK NG

   
   

   NG

   REPAIR OR REPLACE VACUUM HOSE

   OK

5. INSPECT AIR PRESSURE SENSOR

   
   

   1. 

      Connect a pressure gauge to the air pressure sensor as shown in the illustration.

   2. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

   3. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

   4. Turn the GTS on.

   5. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Data List / Air Pump Pressure (Absolute).

      
      Powertrain > Engine > Data List

      Tester Display
      Air Pump Pressure (Absolute)

   6. Check that the pressure displayed on the GTS fluctuates when applying the pressure to the air pressure sensor with the pressure gauge.

      OK
      Pressure fluctuates in response to pressure applied with pressure gauge.

      Tech Tips

      The GTS displays the air pump pressure (Air Pump Pressure (Absolute)) as absolute pressure.

      Result
      Proceed to OK NG

   
   

   NG

   REPLACE AIR PRESSURE SENSOR

   OK

6. CHECK SECONDARY AIR INJECTION SYSTEM PIPE CONNECTIONS

   
   

   1. Check that all the pipes and hoses between the air pump and air switching valve are securely connected.

   2. Inspect the pipes and hoses for blockages and damage.

      

      OK
      Secondary air injection system piping has no blockages or damage.

      Result
      Proceed to OK NG

   
   

   NG

   REPAIR OR REPLACE SECONDARY AIR INJECTION SYSTEM PIPING

   OK

7. INSPECT AIR INJECTION CONTROL DRIVER (AIR INJECTION CONTROL DRIVER POWER SOURCE CIRCUIT)

   
   
   1. 

      *a	Front view of wire harness connector (to Air Injection Driver)

      Disconnect the air injection control driver connectors.

   2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

   3. Measure the voltage according to the value(s) in the table below.

      Standard Voltage
      Tester Connection Switch Condition Specified Condition A33-1 (BATT) - Body ground Always 11 to 14 V C69-5 (+B) - Body ground Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V

   4. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.

      Standard Resistance (Check for Open)
      Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition C69-1 (E) - Body ground Always Below 1 Ω

      Result
      Proceed to OK NG

   
   

   NG

   REPAIR OR REPLACE AIR INJECTION CONTROL DRIVER POWER SOURCE CIRCUIT

   OK

8. CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (ECM - AIR INJECTION CONTROL DRIVER)

   
   

   1. Disconnect the ECM connector.

   2. Disconnect the air injection control driver connector.

   3. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.

      Standard Resistance
      Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition G46-6 (AIRP) - C69-4 (SIP) Always Below 1 Ω G46-6 (AIRP) or C69-4 (SIP) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher

      Result
      Proceed to OK NG

   
   

   NG

   REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR

   OK

9. INSPECT AIR PUMP ASSEMBLY

   

   *1	Air Pump Wire
   *2	Air Injection Control Driver

   
   

   1. Start the engine and warm it up.

   2. Turn the ignition switch off.

   3. Connect the 400 A probe of an ammeter to the positive (+) wire of the air pump.

   4. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

   5. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

   6. Turn the GTS on.

   7. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Utility / Secondary Air Injection Check / Manual Mode / AIR PUMP: ON, ASV: OPEN and AIR PUMP: OFF, ASV: CLOSE.

      
      Powertrain > Engine > Utility

      Tester Display
      Secondary Air Injection Check

      Tech Tips

      When Manual Mode is selected, the GTS initialization (atmospheric pressure measurement) is performed automatically. The initialization takes 10 seconds. After the initialization, AIR PUMP and ASV operation can be selected.

   8. Measure the current while the air pump is on and off.

      Standard Current
      GTS Operation Air Pump ASV Specified Condition AIR PUMP: ON, ASV: OPEN ON OPEN 10 to 40 A AIR PUMP: OFF, ASV: CLOSE OFF CLOSE Below 1 A

      Note

      
      

      • This Secondary Air Injection Check only allows technicians to operate the AIR system for a maximum of 5 seconds.

        Furthermore, the check can only be performed up to 4 times per trip. If the test is repeated, intervals of at least 30 seconds are required between checks.

        While AIR system operation using the GTS is prohibited, the GTS display indicates the prohibition (WAIT or ERROR).

        If ERROR is displayed on the GTS during the test, stop the engine for 10 minutes, and then try again.

      • Performing the Secondary Air Injection Check repeatedly may cause damage to the AIR system.

        If necessary, leave an interval of several minutes between System Check operations to prevent the system from overheating.

      • When performing the Secondary Air Injection Check operation after the battery cable has been reconnected. Wait for 7 minutes with the ignition switch turned to ON or the engine running.

      • Turn the ignition switch off when the Secondary Air Injection Check operation finishes.

      Result
      Proceed to OK NG

   
   

   NG

   REPLACE AIR PUMP ASSEMBLY Click here

   OK

10. PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS

    
    

    1. Disconnect the air injection control driver connector.

    2. 

       *1	Air Injection Control Driver
       *2	ECM
       *a	Front view of wire harness connector (to Air Injection Control Driver)

       Connect terminals DI and SIV of the wire harness connector for the air injection control driver.

    3. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

    4. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    5. Turn the GTS on.

    6. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Utility / Secondary Air Injection Check / Manual Mode / AIR PUMP: ON, ASV: OPEN.

       
       Powertrain > Engine > Utility

       Tester Display
       Secondary Air Injection Check

       Tech Tips

       When Manual Mode is selected, the GTS initialization (atmospheric pressure measurement) is performed automatically. The initialization takes 10 seconds. After the initialization, AIR PUMP and ASV operation can be selected.

    7. Start the engine.

    8. Perform the secondary air injection system intrusive operation while the engine is idling.

    9. Measure the voltage between the SIV and E terminals of the ECM connector when the secondary air injection system is on and off.

    10. Turn the ignition switch off.

        Note

        
        

        • Do not perform the System Check operation repeatedly as it may cause the damage in the system. If necessary, leave an interval of several minutes between System Check operations.

        • When performing the Secondary Air Injection Check operation after the battery cable has been reconnected, wait for 7 minutes with the ignition switch ON or the engine running.

        • Turn the ignition switch off when the Secondary Air Injection Check operation finishes.

        Standard Voltage
        Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition C69-3 (SIV) - C69-1 (E) AIR PUMP: ON, ASV: OPEN 0.5 to 2 V AIR PUMP: OFF, ASV: CLOSE 11 to 14 V

    11. 

        *1	Air Injection Control Driver
        *2	ECM
        *a	Front view of wire harness connector (to Air Injection Control Driver)

        Connect terminals DI and SIP of the wire harness connector for the air injection control driver.

    12. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

    13. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    14. Turn the GTS on.

    15. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Utility / Secondary Air Injection Check / Manual Mode / AIR PUMP: ON, ASV: OPEN.

        
        Powertrain > Engine > Utility

        Tester Display
        Secondary Air Injection Check

        Tech Tips

        When Manual Mode is selected, the GTS initialization (atmospheric pressure measurement) is performed automatically. The initialization takes 10 seconds. After the initialization, AIR PUMP and ASV operation can be selected.

    16. Start the engine.

    17. Perform the secondary air injection system intrusive operation while the engine is idling.

    18. Measure the voltage between the SIP and E terminals of the ECM connector when the secondary air injection system is on and off.

    19. Turn the ignition switch off.

        Note

        
        

        • Do not perform the System Check operation repeatedly as it may cause the damage in the system. If necessary, leave an interval of several minutes between System Check operations.

        • When performing the Secondary Air Injection Check operation after the battery cable has been reconnected, wait for 7 minutes with the ignition switch ON or the engine running.

        • Turn the ignition switch off when the Secondary Air Injection Check operation finishes.

        Standard Voltage
        Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition C69-4 (SIP) - C69-1 (E) AIR PUMP: ON, ASV: OPEN 0.5 to 2 V AIR PUMP: OFF, ASV: CLOSE 11 to 14 V

        Result
        Proceed to OK NG

    
    

    NG

    REPLACE ECM Click here

    OK

11. REPLACE AIR INJECTION CONTROL DRIVER

    
    

    1. Replace the air injection control driver.

       Click here

       Result
       Proceed to NEXT

    
    

    NEXT

12. CHECK WHETHER DTC OUTPUT RECURS (DTC P2445)

    
    

    1. Start the engine and warm it up.

    2. Turn the ignition switch off.

    3. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

    4. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    5. Turn the GTS on.

    6. Clear DTCs (if stored).

    7. Turn the ignition switch off and wait for at least 30 seconds.

    8. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    9. Enter the following menus: Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Utility / Secondary Air Injection Check / Automatic Mode.

       
       Powertrain > Engine > Utility

       Tester Display
       Secondary Air Injection Check

    10. Start the engine after the GTS initialization is finished.

    11. Perform the System Check operation by pressing Next.

    12. After operating the secondary air injection system, perform the following to confirm the secondary air injection system pending codes: Press the Exit button.

    13. Check pending DTCs.

    14. Turn the ignition switch off.

        OK
        No pending DTC output.

        Note

        
        

        • When performing the Secondary Air Injection Check operation after the battery cable has been reconnected, wait for 7 minutes with the ignition switch turned to ON or the engine running.

        • Turn the ignition switch off when the Secondary Air Injection Check operation finishes.

        Result
        Proceed to OK NG

    
    

    OK

    END

    NG

    REPLACE ECM Click here

13. REPLACE AIR PUMP ASSEMBLY

    
    

    1. Replace the air pump assembly.

       Click here

       Result
       Proceed to NEXT

    
    

    NEXT

14. CHECK WHETHER DTC OUTPUT RECURS (DTC P2445)

    
    

    1. Start the engine and warm it up.

    2. Turn the ignition switch off.

    3. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

    4. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    5. Turn the GTS on.

    6. Clear DTCs (if stored).

    7. Turn the ignition switch off and wait for at least 30 seconds.

    8. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    9. Enter the following menus: Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Utility / Secondary Air Injection Check / Automatic Mode.

       
       Powertrain > Engine > Utility

       Tester Display
       Secondary Air Injection Check

    10. Start the engine after the GTS initialization is finished.

    11. Perform the System Check operation by pressing Next.

    12. After operating the secondary air injection system, perform the following to confirm the secondary air injection system pending codes: Press the Exit button.

    13. Check pending DTCs.

    14. Turn the ignition switch off.

        OK
        No pending DTC output.

        Note

        
        

        • When performing the Secondary Air Injection Check operation after the battery cable has been reconnected, wait for 7 minutes with the ignition switch turned to ON or the engine running.

        • Turn the ignition switch off when the Secondary Air Injection Check operation finishes.

        Result
        Proceed to OK NG

    
    

    OK

    END

    NG

15. PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS

    
    

    1. Disconnect the air injection control driver connector.

    2. 

       *1	Air Injection Control Driver
       *2	ECM
       *a	Front view of wire harness connector (to Air Injection Control Driver)

       Connect terminals DI and SIV of the wire harness connector for the air injection control driver.

    3. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

    4. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    5. Turn the GTS on.

    6. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Utility / Secondary Air Injection Check / Manual Mode / AIR PUMP: ON, ASV: OPEN.

       
       Powertrain > Engine > Utility

       Tester Display
       Secondary Air Injection Check

       Tech Tips

       When Manual Mode is selected, the GTS initialization (atmospheric pressure measurement) is performed automatically. The initialization takes 10 seconds. After the initialization, AIR PUMP and ASV operation can be selected.

    7. Start the engine.

    8. Perform the secondary air injection system intrusive operation while the engine is idling.

    9. Measure the voltage between the SIV and E terminals of the ECM connector when the secondary air injection system is on and off.

    10. Turn the ignition switch off.

        Note

        
        

        • Do not perform the System Check operation repeatedly as it may cause the damage in the system. If necessary, leave an interval of several minutes between System Check operations.

        • When performing the Secondary Air Injection Check operation after the battery cable has been reconnected, wait for 7 minutes with the ignition switch ON or the engine running.

        • Turn the ignition switch off when the Secondary Air Injection Check operation finishes.

        Standard Voltage
        Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition C69-3 (SIV) - C69-1 (E) AIR PUMP: ON, ASV: OPEN 0.5 to 2 V AIR PUMP: OFF, ASV: CLOSE 11 to 14 V

    11. 

        *1	Air Injection Control Driver
        *2	ECM
        *a	Front view of wire harness connector (to Air Injection Control Driver)

        Connect terminals DI and SIP of the wire harness connector for the air injection control driver.

    12. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

    13. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    14. Turn the GTS on.

    15. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Utility / Secondary Air Injection Check / Manual Mode / AIR PUMP: ON, ASV: OPEN.

        
        Powertrain > Engine > Utility

        Tester Display
        Secondary Air Injection Check

        Tech Tips

        When Manual Mode is selected, the GTS initialization (atmospheric pressure measurement) is performed automatically. The initialization takes 10 seconds. After the initialization, AIR PUMP and ASV operation can be selected.

    16. Start the engine.

    17. Perform the secondary air injection system intrusive operation while the engine is idling.

    18. Measure the voltage between the SIP and E terminals of the ECM connector when the secondary air injection system is on and off.

    19. Turn the ignition switch off.

        Note

        
        

        • Do not perform the System Check operation repeatedly as it may cause the damage in the system. If necessary, leave an interval of several minutes between System Check operations.

        • When performing the Secondary Air Injection Check operation after the battery cable has been reconnected, wait for 7 minutes with the ignition switch ON or the engine running.

        • Turn the ignition switch off when the Secondary Air Injection Check operation finishes.

        Standard Voltage
        Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition C69-4 (SIP) - C69-1 (E) AIR PUMP: ON, ASV: OPEN 0.5 to 2 V AIR PUMP: OFF, ASV: CLOSE 11 to 14 V

        Result
        Proceed to OK NG

    
    

    NG

    REPLACE ECM Click here

    OK

16. REPLACE AIR INJECTION CONTROL DRIVER

    
    

    1. Replace the air injection control driver.

       Click here

       Result
       Proceed to NEXT

    
    

    NEXT

17. CHECK WHETHER DTC OUTPUT RECURS (DTC P2445)

    
    

    1. Start the engine and warm it up.

    2. Turn the ignition switch off.

    3. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

    4. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    5. Turn the GTS on.

    6. Clear DTCs (if stored).

    7. Turn the ignition switch off and wait for at least 30 seconds.

    8. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    9. Enter the following menus: Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Utility / Secondary Air Injection Check / Automatic Mode.

       
       Powertrain > Engine > Utility

       Tester Display
       Secondary Air Injection Check

    10. Start the engine after the GTS initialization is finished.

    11. Perform the System Check operation by pressing Next.

    12. After operating the secondary air injection system, perform the following to confirm the secondary air injection system pending codes: Press the Exit button.

    13. Check pending DTCs.

    14. Turn the ignition switch off.

        OK
        No pending DTC output.

        Note

        
        

        • When performing the Secondary Air Injection Check operation after the battery cable has been reconnected, wait for 7 minutes with the ignition switch turned to ON or the engine running.

        • Turn the ignition switch off when the Secondary Air Injection Check operation finishes.

        Result
        Proceed to OK NG

    
    

    OK

    END

    NG

    REPLACE ECM Click here