DIFFERENTIAL SYSTEM DETAILS


  1. FUNCTION OF MAIN COMPONENTS

    Models with Rear Differential Lock System
    Component Function
    Differential Lock Shift Actuator Rear Differential Lock Shift Motor Switches the rear differential between free and lock in accordance with signals from the 4WD control ECU.
    Rear Differential Lock Limit Switch Detects the position of the rear differential lock shift motor and transmits a signal to the 4WD control ECU.
    Rear Differential Lock Detection Switch Detects the lock position of the rear differential and transmits a signal to the 4WD control ECU.
    Differential Lock Switch Switches the rear differential between free and lock and transmits a signal to the 4WD control ECU.
    Transfer Shift Actuator Assembly H-L Limit Switch Detects the position of the H-L shift motor and transmits a signal to the 4WD control ECU.
    Center Differential Lock Limit Switch Detects the position of the center differential lock shift motor and transmits a signal to the 4WD control ECU.
    Center Differential Lock Position Switch Detects the lock position of the center differential and transmits a signal to the 4WD control ECU and so on.
    4WD Control ECU Controls the rear differential lock shift motor in response to a signal from each switch.
    Combination Meter Assembly Rear Differential Lock Indicator Light

    • Blinks while the rear differential is being switched between free and lock, and turns on when in lock.

    • Blinks when the switching conditions are not met while the rear differential is being switched between free and lock.
    ABS Warning Light Turns on when ABS and brake assist functions are not operating while the rear differential lock system is switching to lock.
    Multi-information Display Displays the status of the rear differential lock operation.

  2. OPERATING CONDITION


    1. Rear Differential Lock System


      1. The rear differential can only be switched to lock when the drive mode is set to L4L, and when driving at 8 km/h or less. However, the rear differential should not be switched from free to lock while the vehicle is turning or while the wheels are spinning.

      2. The ABS, brake assist and hill-start assist control functions in the brake control system stop while the rear differential lock system is operating. For details, see the Brake Control/Dynamic Control Systems section.

  3. CONSTRUCTION


    1. Front Differential


      1. A double-row tapered roller bearing is used for the front differential drive pinion bearing to reduce friction loss, thus improving fuel consumption.

        A01DKRVE01
        Text in Illustration
        *1 Ring Gear *2 Differential Retainer
        *3 Front Differential Drive Pinion *4 Front Differential Tube
        *5 Front Differential Carrier Sub-assembly - -

    2. Rear Differential


      1. A double-row tapered roller bearing is used for the rear differential drive pinion bearing to reduce friction loss, thus improving fuel consumption.

      2. The rear differential lock system uses the differential lock shift actuator.

        A01DL59E01
        Text in Illustration
        *A Except Models with Rear Differential Lock System *B Models with Rear Differential Lock System
        *1 Rear Differential Carrier Sub-assembly *2 Rear Differential Drive Pinion
        *3 Ring Gear *4 Differential Lock Shift Actuator

    3. Differential Lock Shift Actuator and Rear Differential Lock Detection Switch (Models with Rear Differential Lock System)


      1. By rotating the rear differential lock shift motor clockwise or counterclockwise in accordance with a signal from the 4WD control ECU, the rear differential lock shift fork shaft is transferred to switch the rear differential between free and lock.

      2. The rear differential lock limit switch, provided in the differential lock shift actuator, detects the position of the rear differential lock shift motor.

      3. The rear differential lock detection switch, provided on the rear differential carrier sub-assembly, detects that the rear differential lock shift fork is in the lock position.

        A01DKPEE01
        Text in Illustration
        *1 Rear Differential Lock Shift Motor *2 Rear Differential Lock Detection Switch
        *3 Rear Differential Carrier Sub-assembly *4 Rear Differential Lock Limit Switch
        *5 Rear Differential Lock Shift Fork - -
        A01DLIRE01
        A01DL8FE01

    4. Differential Lock Switch (Models with Rear Differential Lock System)


      1. Operating the push type rear differential lock switch will switch the rear differential between free and lock.

        A01DKWZE01
        Text in Illustration
        *1 Differential Lock Switch - -

  4. OPERATION


    1. Free-lock Switching of the Rear Differential


      1. When the differential lock switch is turned on, the 4WD control ECU outputs drive voltage to the rear differential lock shift motor (M1), and moves the rear differential lock shift fork to the lock side. At this time, the 4WD control ECU uses the rear differential lock limit switch (RLY1, RLY2) to detect the position of the rear differential lock shift motor, and uses the rear differential lock detection switch (RLP) to detect the lock position of the rear differential lock shift fork. When the lock position is reached, the 4WD control ECU stops the output of drive voltage. Also, it causes the rear differential lock indicator light to flash while switching the rear differential between free and lock, and turns on the light after the operation has been completed.

      2. When the differential lock switch is turned off, the 4WD control ECU outputs drive voltage to the rear differential lock shift motor (M2), and moves the rear differential lock shift fork to the free side. When the free position is reached, drive voltage output is stopped and the rear differential lock indicator light is extinguished.

        A01DLBGE01
        Text in Illustration
        *1 Rear Differential Lock Limit Switch *2 Rear Differential Lock Shift Motor
        *3 Rear Differential Lock Detection Switch *4 Rear Differential Lock Shift Fork
        *a Free Side *b Lock Side