ENGINE UNIT GENERAL


  1. OUTLINE


    1. The 2GR-FXE is a 3.5-liter, 24-valve DOHC V6 engine. This engine is a Direct injection 4-stroke gasoline engine Superior version (D-4S) which uses both direct injection and port injection systems. In addition, this engine uses a Dual Variable Valve Timing-intelligent (Dual VVT-i) system, Direct Ignition System (DIS), and Electronic Throttle Control System-intelligent (ETCS-i). These control functions achieve improved engine performance, fuel economy, and clean emissions.

    2. The 2GR-FXE engine, a high-expansion ratio engine that uses the Atkinson cycle, is used in order to enhance thermal efficiency and to support improved fuel economy.

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  2. SPECIFICATION

    No. of Cyls. and Arrangement 6-cylinder, V-type
    Valve Mechanism 24-valve DOHC, Chain Drive (with Dual VVT-i)
    Combustion Chamber Pentroof Type
    Manifolds Cross-flow
    Fuel System Sequential Multiport Fuel Injection (SFI) D-4S
    Ignition System Direct Ignition System (DIS)
    Displacement

    3456 cm3(210.9 cu. in.)
    Bore x Stroke 94.0 mm x 83.0 mm (3.70 in. x 3.27 in.)
    Compression Ratio 13 : 1
    Max. Output [SAE-NET] 213 kW @ 6000 rpm*2
    215 kW @ 6000 rpm*3
    Max. Torque [SAE-NET] 348 N*m @ 4500 rpm*2
    352 N*m @ 4500 rpm*3
    Valve Timing Intake Open -20° to 37° BTDC
    Closed 100° to 43° ABDC
    Exhaust Open 56° to 24° BBDC
    Closed 0° to 32° ATDC
    Spark Plug Manufacturer DENSO
    Type FK20HBR8 (Iridium)
    Plug Gap 0.7 mm to 0.8 mm (0.0276 in. to 0.0315 in.)
    Firing Order 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5 - 6
    Research Octane Number 95 or higher
    Emission Regulations*1 SULEV, ORVR
    JC08
    EURO 6
    EURO 5
    Engine Service Mass (Reference)*2 177 kg (390 lb)

    Tech Tips

    *1: Emission regulation differ by country and region

    *2: Weight shows the figure with oil and coolant fully filled.

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  3. MAIN FEATURES


    1. The 2GR-FXE engine has achieved the following performance features through the use of the items listed in the table below:


      1. High performance and reliability

      2. Low noise and vibration

      3. Lightweight and compact design

      4. Good serviceability

      5. Clean emissions and fuel economy

        Item (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
        Engine Proper A steel laminate type cylinder head gasket is used. ○ - - - -
        A taper squish shape is used for combustion chamber. ○ - - - ○
        A cylinder block sub-assembly made of aluminum alloy is used. - - ○ - -
        The skirt portion of each piston has a resin coating applied to reduce friction. ○ ○ - - ○
        A No. 1 oil pan made of aluminum alloy is used. - ○ ○ - -
        Valve Mechanism The Dual Variable Valve Timing-intelligent (Dual VVT-i) system is used. ○ - - - ○
        Valve lash adjuster assemblies are used. ○ ○ - ○ -
        Timing chain and chain tensioner are used. - ○ ○ ○ -
        Valve rocker arm sub-assemblies are used. ○ - - - -
        Lubrication System An oil filter with a replaceable element is used. - - - ○ -
        Cooling System Toyota Genuine Super Long Life Coolant (SLLC) is used. - - - ○ -
        Intake and Exhaust Systems A linkless-type throttle body is used. - - ○ ○ -
        An intake air surge tank made of plastic is used. - - ○ - -
        Stainless steel exhaust manifold sub-assemblies (RH and LH) are used. - - ○ - ○
        An ultra thin-wall, high-cell density ceramic type Three-Way Catalyst (TWC) is used. - - - - ○
        Fuel System A Direct injection 4-stroke gasoline engine Superior version (D-4S) system is used. ○ - - - ○
        A slit nozzle type high pressure injector is used. ○ - - - ○
        Quick connectors are used to connect the fuel hose with the fuel pipe. - - - ○ -
        Ignition System The Direct Ignition System (DIS) is used. ○ - ○ ○ ○
        Long-reach type iridium-tipped spark plugs are used. ○ - - ○ ○
        V-ribbed Belt Drive System An automatic V-ribbed belt tensioner is used. - - ○ ○ -
        Emission Control System An evaporative emission control system is used. - - - - ○
        Engine Control System Magneto-Resistance Element (MRE) type VVT sensors are used. ○ - - - -
        The Electronic Throttle Control System-intelligent (ETCS-i) is used. ○ - - - ○

        Tech Tips

        ○: Applicable

        -: Not applicable

    2. The 2GR-FXE engine uses the Direct injection 4-stroke gasoline engine Superior version (D-4S) system to achieve high performance while also achieving fuel economy and clean emissions. The features of the D-4S system are as listed below:


      1. The D-4S system is a system which combines a direct injection system which injects fuel into the combustion chamber and a port injection system which injects fuel to the intake ports. This system optimally controls the 2 types of fuel injectors in accordance with the driving conditions.

      2. When the engine is running under a medium or high load at lower speeds, both the direct and port injection systems are used. This control creates a homogeneous air-fuel mixture to stabilize combustion, improve fuel efficiency, and reduce emissions.

      3. When the engine is running under heavy load, the direct injection system is used. This achieves an intake cooling effect by injecting fuel directly to the combustion chamber. As a result of this cooling effect, the compression ratio of the engine can be made higher as the tendency of the compressed mixture to preignite or detonate is reduced. The increased compression ratio improves engine output and performance.

      4. The slit nozzle type direct injection injectors atomize fuel so that the fuel spreads out widely and finely in a fan shape. Fuel is mixed with intake air efficiently and homogeneously, aiming at ideal combustion under any driving conditions.

      5. When the engine is cold, fuel is injected from the injectors (for port injection) to create a homogenous lean air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber. Fuel is also injected from the injectors (for direct injection) during the latter half of the compression stroke to adjust the air-fuel mixture around the spark plug to allow stable combustion under retarded ignition timing, thus increasing exhaust gas temperature. This promotes rapid warming of the catalysts and achieves cleaner emissions.

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        Text in Illustration
        *A Direct Injection 4-stroke Gasoline Engine Superior Version (D-4S) *B Direct Injection 4-stroke Gasoline Engine (D-4)
        *1 Fuel Injector Assembly (for Port Injection) *2 Fuel Injector Assembly (for Direct Injection)