ENGINE UNIT GENERAL


  1. OUTLINE


    1. The 4GR-FSE is a 2.5-liter, 24-valve DOHC V6 Direct injection 4-stroke gasoline engine (D-4). This engine uses a direct injection system, Dual Variable Valve Timing-intelligent (Dual VVT-i) system, Direct Ignition System (DIS), Electronic Throttle Control System-intelligent (ETCS-i), Acoustic Control Induction System (ACIS), and Electronic Swirl Control Valves (SCV). These control functions achieve improved engine performance, fuel economy, and clean emissions.

      A01FBQP

  2. SPECIFICATION

    No. of Cyls. and Arrangement 6-cylinder, V-type
    Valve Mechanism 24-valve DOHC, Chain Drive (with Dual VVT-i)
    Combustion Chamber Pentroof Type
    Manifolds Cross-flow
    Fuel System Sequential Multiport Fuel Injection (SFI) D-4
    Ignition System Direct Ignition System (DIS)
    Displacement

    2500 cm3(152.6 cu. in.)
    Bore x Stroke 83.0 mm x 77.0 mm (3.27 in. x 3.03 in.)
    Compression Ratio 12.0 : 1
    Max. Output [SAE-NET]

    153 kW @ 6400 rpm*2

    154 kW @ 6400 rpm*3
    Max. Torque [SAE-NET]

    251 N*m @ 4800 rpm*2

    253 N*m @ 4800 rpm*3
    Valve Timing Intake Open -6° to 34° BTDC
    Closed 70° to 30° ABDC
    Exhaust Open 57° to 22° BBDC
    Closed 3° to 38° ATDC
    Spark Plug Manufacturer DENSO
    Type FK20HBR11 (Iridium)
    Plug Gap 1.0 mm to 1.1 mm (0.0394 in. to 0.0433 in.)
    Firing Order 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5 - 6
    Research Octane Number 95 or higher
    Emission Regulations ULEVII, ORVR *2
    EURO 5*3
    Engine Service Mass (Reference)*1 181 kg (399 lb)

    Tech Tips

    *1: Weight shows the figure with oil and coolant fully filled.

    *2: Models for Korea

    *3: Except models for Korea

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  3. MAIN FEATURES


    1. The 4GR-FSE engine has achieved the following performance features through the use of the items listed in the table below:


      1. High performance and reliability

      2. Low noise and vibration

      3. Lightweight and compact design

      4. Good serviceability

      5. Clean emissions and fuel economy

        Item (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
        Engine Proper A steel laminate type cylinder head gasket is used. ○ - - - -
        An upright intake port is used. ○ - ○ - -
        A taper squish shape is used for combustion chamber. ○ - - - ○
        A cylinder block sub-assembly made of aluminum alloy is used. - - ○ - -
        The skirt portion of each piston has a resin coating applied to reduce friction. ○ ○ - - ○
        A No. 1 oil pan made of aluminum alloy is used. - ○ ○ - -
        Valve Mechanism The Dual Variable Valve Timing-intelligent (Dual VVT-i) system is used. ○ - - - ○
        Valve lash adjuster assemblies are used. ○ ○ - ○ -
        Timing chain and chain tensioner are used. - ○ ○ ○ -
        Valve rocker arm sub-assemblies are used. ○ - - - -
        Lubrication System An oil filter with a replaceable element is used. - - - ○ -
        Cooling System Toyota Genuine Super Long Life Coolant (SLLC) is used. - - - ○ -
        Intake and Exhaust Systems A linkless-type throttle body is used. - - ○ ○ -
        An intake air surge tank made of plastic is used. - - ○ - -
        Stainless steel exhaust manifold sub-assemblies are used. - - ○ - ○
        An ultra thin-wall, high-cell density ceramic type Three-Way Catalytic converter (TWC) is used. - - - - ○
        Fuel System Direct injection 4-stroke gasoline engine (D-4) system is used. ○ - - - ○
        A slit nozzle type high pressure injector is used. ○ - - - ○
        Quick connectors are used to connect the fuel hose with the fuel pipe. - - - ○ -
        Ignition System The Direct Ignition System (DIS) is used. ○ - - ○ ○
        Long-reach type iridium-tipped spark plugs are used. ○ - - ○ ○
        Charging System A segment conductor type generator (alternator) is used. ○ - ○ - -
        A generator pulley with a one way clutch is used. ○ - - - ○
        Starting System A Planetary reduction-Segment conductor motor (PS) type starter is used. - - ○ - -
        Serpentine Belt Drive System A serpentine belt drive system is used. - - ○ ○ -
        Emission Control System An evaporative emission control system is used. - - - - ○
        Engine Control System Magneto-Resistance Element (MRE) type VVT sensors are used. ○ - - - -
        The Electronic Throttle Control System-intelligent (ETCS-i) is used. ○ - - - ○
        An Acoustic Control Induction System (ACIS) is used. ○ - - - -
        Electronically operated Swirl Control Valves (SCV) are used. ○ - - - ○
        The cranking hold is used. ○ - - - -

        Tech Tips

        ○: Applicable

        -: Not applicable

    2. The 4GR-FSE engine uses the Direct injection 4-stroke gasoline engine (D-4) system to achieve high performance while also achieving fuel economy and clean emissions. The features of the D-4 system are as listed below.


      1. An engine equipped with a D-4 system has the injector installed on the combustion chamber, which injects the fuel pressurized in the fuel pump (high pressure) directly into the combustion chamber. Due to the injection directly in the cylinder, it is possible to increase the compression ratio due to direct injection taking advantage of the "latent heat of vaporization*" of the fuel. This principle results in a cooling effect on the compressed mixture. The lower temperature of the compressed mixture reduces the tendency of the mixture to detonate or preignite in the engine. The increased compression ratio of the engine results in improved power output.


        • *: Latent heat of vaporization is an effect that results in a temperature drop when a liquid changes to a gas. An example is the cooling effect produced when alcohol evaporates from skin, or when liquid refrigerant changes to a gas.

      2. A conventional gasoline SFI engine has the injector installed in the intake port and the air and fuel injected inside the intake port is drawn into the cylinder by the intake stroke of the piston.

      3. In the D-4 system, a slit nozzle type injector precisely controls the quantity of the high pressure fuel and produces a fine-grain atomization to improve the fuel efficiency.

      4. Depending on the driving conditions, by injecting the fuel at an optimal time during the intake stroke, an uniform air-fuel mixture (homogenous mixture) is produced.

      5. When the engine is cold, fuel is injected at the end of the compression stroke. Due to the combustion time being lengthened by providing a leaner mixture, the exhaust temperature is raised to accelerate engine and catalyst warm-up. Catalysts that are warmed up earlier accelerate exhaust emission purification.

        A01FBKZE01
        Text in Illustration
        *A Direct Injection 4-stroke Gasoline Engine *B Conventional 4-stroke Gasoline Engine
        *1 Fuel Injector Assembly - -
        *a Intake Port *b Combustion Chamber