FRONT WHEEL ALIGNMENT ADJUSTMENT

Note

If the wheel alignment has been adjusted, or if suspension or underbody components have been removed/installed or replaced, be sure to perform the following initialization procedure in order for the system to function normally:


  1. Perform zero point calibration of the yaw rate and acceleration sensor and test mode inspection.


  1. PRECAUTION (w/ Air Suspension)

    Click here

  2. INSPECT TIRES

    Click here

  3. MEASURE VEHICLE HEIGHT

    Note


    • Before inspecting the wheel alignment, adjust the vehicle height to the specified value.

    • Be sure to perform measurement on a level surface.

    • If it is necessary to go under the vehicle for measurement, confirm that the parking brake is applied and the vehicle is secured with chocks.


    1. Bounce the vehicle up and down at the corners to stabilize the suspension.

    2. Measure the vehicle height.

      A019LL0E01

        Measurement points:

      • A: Ground clearance of front wheel center


      • B: Ground clearance of front lower suspension arm bushing set bolt center


      • C: Ground clearance of rear wheel center


      • D: Ground clearance of rear No. 2 lower suspension arm adjust bolt center

      Vehicle Height (Unloaded Vehicle)
      Model Front A - B Rear C - D
      2WD 123.6 mm (4.87 in.) 50.6 mm (1.99 in.)
      AWD (w/o Air suspension) 124.6 mm (4.91 in.) 51.1 mm (2.01 in.)
      AWD (w/ Air suspension) 120 mm (4.72 in.) 58 mm (2.28 in.)

  4. INSPECT CAMBER, CASTER AND STEERING AXIS INCLINATION


    1. A019OVZE16
      Text in Illustration
      *1 Wheel Alignment Tester
      *2 Gauge

      Install a camber-caster-kingpin gauge and place the front wheels on the center of a wheel alignment tester.

    2. Inspect the camber, caster and steering axis inclination.

      Camber (Unloaded Vehicle)
      Model Camber Inclination Right-left Difference
      w/o Air suspension -0°40' +/- 45' (-0.67° +/- 0.75°) 45' (0.75°) or less
      w/ Air suspension -0°38' +/- 45' (-0.63° +/- 0.75°)
      Caster (Unloaded Vehicle)
      Model Caster Inclination Right-left Difference
      w/o Air suspension 2°45' +/- 45' (2.75° +/- 0.75°) 45' (0.75°) or less
      w/ Air suspension 2°52' +/- 45' (2.87° +/- 0.75°)
      Steering Axis Inclination (Unloaded Vehicle)
      Model Steering Axis Inclination Right-left Difference
      2WD 10°55' +/- 45' (10.92° +/- 0.75°) 45' (0.75°) or less
      AWD (w/o Air suspension) 11°00' +/- 45' (11.00° +/- 0.75°)
      AWD (w/ Air suspension) 10°53' +/- 45' (10.88° +/- 0.75°)

  5. ADJUST CAMBER

    Note

    Inspect toe-in after the camber has been adjusted.


    1. Remove the front wheel.

    2. A019M3J

      Remove the 2 nuts on the lower side of the front shock absorber.

      Note

      Keep the bolts inserted.

    3. Clean the installation surfaces of the front shock absorber and the steering knuckle.

    4. Temporarily install the 2 nuts.

    5. A019P3AE01

      Fully push or pull the front axle hub in the direction of the required adjustment.

    6. Tighten the nuts.

      Torque:
      290 N*m  { 2957 kgf*cm, 214 ft.*lbf }

      Note

      Keep the bolts from rotating when tightening the nuts.

    7. Install the front wheel.

      Torque:
      103 N*m  { 1050 kgf*cm, 76 ft.*lbf }
    8. A019OJEE01

      Check the camber.

      If the measured value is not within the specification, calculate the required adjustment amount using the formula below.

      Camber adjustment amount = center value of the specified range - measured value

      Check the combination of installed bolts. Select appropriate bolts from the table below to adjust the camber to the specified values.

      Tech Tips

      Try to adjust the camber to the center of the specified values.

      To move the axle toward (+) in step (e) To move the axle toward (-) in step (e)
      Refer to table (1) (To move the axle toward the positive side) Refer to table (2) (To move the axle toward the negative side)

      The body and suspension may be damaged if the camber is not correctly adjusted according to the above table.

      Note

      Replace the nut with a new one when replacing the bolt.

      A019JLPE79
      A019JLPE80

    9. Repeat the steps mentioned above. In step (d), replace 1 or 2 selected bolts.

      Tech Tips

      Replace one bolt at a time when replacing 2 bolts.

  6. INSPECT TOE-IN


    1. Bounce the vehicle up and down at the corners to stabilize the suspension.

    2. Release the parking brake and move the shift lever to N.

    3. Push the vehicle straight ahead approximately 5 m (16.4 ft.).

    4. A019KJ4E11
      Text in Illustration
      *1 Tread Center Mark
      *2 Dimension B

      Put tread center marks on the rearmost points of the front wheels and measure the distance between the marks (dimension B).

    5. Slowly push the vehicle straight ahead to cause the front wheels to rotate 180° using the front tire valve as a reference point.

      Tech Tips

      Do not allow the wheels to rotate more than 180°. If the wheels rotate more than 180°, perform the procedure from step (c) again.

    6. A019NHGE08
      Text in Illustration
      *1 Front of the Vehicle
      *2 Dimension A

      Measure the distance between the tread center marks on the front side of the wheels (dimension A).

      Toe-in (Unloaded Vehicle)
      Item Specified Condition

      Toe-in

      (total)

      C + D: 0°05' +/- 10' (0.08° +/- 0.16°)

      B - A: 1.0 +/- 2 mm (0.0394 +/- 0.0787 in.)

      If the toe-in is not within the specified range, adjust it at the rack ends.

      Tech Tips

      Measure "B - A" only when "C + D" cannot be measured.

  7. ADJUST TOE-IN


    1. A019OR6E02
      Text in Illustration
      *1 Difference

      Make sure that the lengths of the right and left rack ends are almost the same.

      Standard difference
      1.5 mm (0.0591 in.) or less

    2. Remove the rack boot set clips.

    3. A019M4GE02
      Text in Illustration
      *1 Loosen
      *2 Turn

      Loosen the tie rod end lock nuts.

    4. Adjust the rack ends if the difference in thread length between the right and left rack ends is not within the specified range.


      1. Extend the shorter rack end if the measured toe-in deviates toward the outside.

      2. Shorten the longer rack end if the measured toe-in deviates toward the inside.

    5. Turn the right and left rack ends by an equal amount to adjust the toe-in to the center value.

    6. Make sure that the lengths of the right and left rack ends are the same.

    7. Tighten the tie rod end lock nuts.

      Torque:
      88 N*m  { 897 kgf*cm, 65 ft.*lbf }

      Note

      Temporarily tighten the lock nut while holding the hexagonal part of the steering rack end so that the lock nut and the steering rack end do not turn together. Hold the flats of the tie rod end and tighten the lock nut.

    8. Place the boots on the seats and install the clips.

      Tech Tips

      Make sure that the boots are not twisted.

  8. INSPECT WHEEL ANGLE


    1. Put tread center marks on the rearmost points of the turning radius gauge.

    2. A019NLIE06
      Text in Illustration
      *1 Front of the Vehicle
      *2 Inside
      *3 Outside

      Turn the steering wheel to the left and right full lock positions, and measure the turning angle.

      Wheel Turning Angle (Unloaded Vehicle)
      Model Inside Wheel Outside Wheel Reference
      w/o Air suspension 36°06' +/- 1°30' (36.10° +/- 1.5°) 32°00' (32.00°)
      w/ Air suspension 36°14' +/- 1°30' (36.23° +/- 1.5°) 32°04' (32.07°)

      If the angles are not as specified, check and adjust the right and left rack end lengths.

  9. PLACE FRONT WHEELS FACING STRAIGHT AHEAD

  10. PERFORM YAW RATE SENSOR ZERO POINT CALIBRATION

    Tech Tips

    Perform yaw rate sensor zero point calibration Click here.

  11. PERFORM INITIALIZATION

    Tech Tips

    Some systems need to be initialized after the wheel alignment is adjusted Click here.