SFI SYSTEM, Diagnostic DTC:P1604

DTC Code DTC Name
P1604 Startability Malfunction

DESCRIPTION

This DTC is stored when the engine does not start even though the starter signal is input or when the engine takes a long time to start, and when the engine speed is low or the engine stalls just after the engine starts.

Using the GTS, the conditions present when the DTC was stored can be confirmed by referring to the freeze frame data. Freeze frame data records engine conditions when a malfunction occurs. This information can be useful when troubleshooting.

It is necessary to check if the vehicle ran out of fuel before performing troubleshooting, as this DTC is also stored when there is engine starting trouble due to running out of fuel.

DTC No. DTC Detection Condition Trouble Area
P1604

One of the following conditions is met (1 trip detection logic):


  • The engine speed is less than 500 rpm with the starter signal on for a certain amount of time (Depending on the engine coolant temperature and atmospheric pressure).

  • After the engine starts (engine speed is 500 rpm or more), the engine speed drops to 300 rpm or less immediately.

  • Engine immobiliser system

  • Engine assembly (excess friction, compression loss)

  • Starter assembly

  • Crankshaft position sensor

  • VVT sensor

  • Engine coolant temperature sensor

  • Fuel pump assembly

  • Fuel pump control circuit (low pressure side)

  • Fuel pipes

  • Fuel injector assembly (for port injection)

  • Throttle with motor body assembly

  • Pressure regulator

  • Battery

  • Flywheel (for Manual Transmission)

  • Drive plate (for Automatic Transmission)

  • Spark plug

  • Ignition coil circuit

  • Intake system

  • Camshaft timing oil control valve

  • Mass air flow meter

  • Air fuel ratio sensor

  • Valve timing

  • Fuel

  • Purge valve

  • Intake valve

  • Exhaust valve

  • ECM

CAUTION / NOTICE / HINT

Tech Tips


  • In contrast to normal malfunction diagnosis for components, circuits and systems, DTC P1604 is used to determine the malfunctioning area from the problem symptoms and freeze frame data when the user mentions problems such as starting difficulty.

    As these DTCs can be stored as a result of certain user actions, even if these DTCs are output, if the customer makes no mention of problems, clear these DTCs without performing any troubleshooting and return the vehicle to the customer.

  • If any other DTCs are output, perform troubleshooting for those DTCs first.

  • When the Data List item "Immobiliser Fuel Cut" is ON, the engine cannot be started.

  • Read freeze frame data using the GTS. Freeze frame data records engine conditions when a malfunction occurs. This information can be useful when troubleshooting.

  • When confirming the freeze frame data, be sure to check all 5 sets of freeze frame data Click here.

  • When confirming freeze frame data, if there are multiple items related to the cause of the malfunction, perform troubleshooting for all related items.

  • Try to start the vehicle under the conditions recorded in the freeze frame data which were present when the malfunction occurred. Confirm the data at this time and compare it with the freeze frame data.

  • If the malfunction does not reoccur, carefully check the vehicle conditions from when the malfunction occurred using freeze frame data.

  • When performing inspections, jiggle the relevant wire harnesses and connectors in an attempt to reproduce malfunctions that do not always occur.

  • If the same inspection or replacement procedure appears 2 times when performing an inspection procedure, it is not necessary to repeat the procedure the second time.


  1. Malfunction Recurrence and Inspection Areas


    1. Freeze frame data exists, but the malfunction (starting difficulty) has not reoccurred and the malfunction conditions are unknown.


      1. The engine speed recorded in the freeze frame data is 0 rpm (the engine does not crank).

        Tech Tips

        One of the following problems may be present: battery depletion, excess engine friction, a starter malfunction or a crankshaft position sensor malfunction.


        • If the battery voltage is less than 9 V during cranking, there is a high probability that engine friction is abnormal.

        • If the battery voltage drops to 5 V or less when starting the engine, the battery may be malfunctioning.

        • If the battery voltage fluctuates while cranking the engine, it can be concluded that cranking is being performed. When the engine speed is 0 rpm, the crankshaft position sensor and/or ECM may be malfunctioning.

          A004JG9E01

      2. All engine speeds recorded in the freeze frame data are between 100 and 250 rpm (the engine cranks but there is no combustion).

        Tech Tips

        If the engine speed is between 100 and 250 rpm (no initial combustion), there may be a wiring problem or a complete failure of an ignition or fuel system part.


        • Due to an engine coolant temperature sensor malfunction, the fuel injection volume is extremely high or low and the engine may not be able to be started.

          A004IIBE59

      3. The engine speed recorded in the freeze frame data is 250 rpm or higher (the initial combustion and starter turnoff timing is too late).

        Tech Tips

        If the engine speed is 250 rpm or higher (combustion occurs but the initial combustion and starter turnoff timing is too late), the fuel injection volume is often incorrect (too low or too high) and determining the cause of the malfunction is often difficult.


        • Due to an engine coolant temperature sensor malfunction, the fuel injection volume is extremely high or low and engine starting trouble may occur.

        • If Long FT is incorrect, there may be a fuel supply problem due to the injectors or fuel pump being clogged, etc.

        • If the engine cranking speed is too high, compression loss may have occurred due to carbon interfering with the valve operation.

          A004J3UE02

    2. When the malfunction (starting difficulty) can be reproduced, or malfunction conditions are known, perform the following inspections ("Problem Symptoms" and "Systems to Inspect").


      1. Problem Symptoms


        1. The engine does not crank.

          Tech Tips

          The starter is normal if a noise that indicates the starter pinion gear is extending is heard. The battery may be fully depleted or there may be excess engine friction.

        2. The engine cranking speed is abnormal.

          Tech Tips

          If the engine cranking speed is too high (for example, 300 rpm or higher with no combustion), compression loss may have occurred because carbon interfered with valve operation, etc.

        3. There is no initial combustion.

          Tech Tips

          If there is no initial combustion, there is probably a wiring problem or an ignition or fuel system part malfunction.

        4. The engine stalls after starter turnoff.

          Tech Tips

          If the engine stalls after starter turnoff, the air-fuel ratio may be incorrect or the VVT may have a problem returning.

        5. The initial combustion and starter turnoff occur late.

          Tech Tips

          If the initial combustion and starter turnoff occur late, the fuel injection volume is probably incorrect (too low or too high).

          Tech Tips

          Causes of fuel system malfunctions according to conditions present at the time of the malfunction.


          • When 2 to 3 minutes have elapsed after stopping the engine: Fuel pressure loss due to the pressure regulator failing to maintain the fuel pressure.

          • When 15 to 120 minutes have elapsed after stopping the engine: Problem with injector fuel seal.

          • When a long time has elapsed after stopping the engine: Pressure regulator is stuck open.

      2. Systems to Inspect


        1. Intake system

        2. Ignition system

        3. Fuel system

  2. INSPECTION FLOW


    1. Freeze frame data exists, but the malfunction (starting difficulty) has not reoccurred and the malfunction conditions are unknown.

      Freeze Frame Data Item Result Suspected Area Procedure
      Engine Speed 0 rpm (no engine cranking at all)

      • Battery fully depleted

      • Engine assembly (excess friction)

      • Starter assembly

      • Engine immobiliser system

      • Crankshaft position sensor

      • ECM

      		 4 to 9
      100 to 250 rpm (engine cranks but no initial combustion*1)

      • Fuel pump control circuit (Low pressure side)

      • Ignition system

      • Engine coolant temperature sensor

      • Fuel injection system

      		 10 to 14
      250 rpm or higher (combustion occurs but initial combustion and starter turnoff*2 occur late)

      • Engine assembly (compression loss)

      • Fuel injection system

      • Fuel pump control circuit (low pressure side)

      		 15 to 23

      Tech Tips


      • *1: First combustion after cranking begins.

      • *2: Condition when engine speed increases and starter can be turned off.

    2. When the malfunction (starting difficulty) can be reproduced, or when malfunction conditions are known.


      1. Problem Symptoms

        Problem Symptom Suspected Area Suspected Component Procedure
        The engine does not crank Battery malfunction

        • Battery fully depleted

        		 26 to 31
        Starting system

        • Starter assembly (includes pinion gear wear or tooth damage)

        • Starting system
        Engine immobiliser system

        • Engine immobiliser system
        Engine assembly

        • Engine assembly (excess friction)

        • Drive plate wear or tooth damage
        Cranking speed too low Battery malfunction

        • Battery fully depleted

        		 32 to 34
        Starting system

        • Starter assembly
        Engine assembly

        • Engine assembly (excess friction)
        Cranking speed too high Engine assembly

        • Engine assembly (compression loss)
        There is no initial combustion Fuel supply problem

        • Cannot maintain pressure due to pressure regulator malfunction

        • Fuel injector leak

        • Fuel leak from fuel line

        • Fuel pump control circuit (Low pressure side)

        • Fuel pump assembly

        		 35 to 49
        Ignition system malfunction

        • Spark plug

        • Crankshaft position sensor

        • Ignition coil assembly
        Engine stalls after starter turnoff Air suction

        • Intake system connections

        		 50 to 56
        Deposits in throttle body

        • Throttle with motor body assembly
        VVT valve does not return properly

        • Camshaft timing oil control valve
        Mass air flow meter malfunction

        • Mass air flow meter
        The initial combustion and starter turnoff occur late Engine coolant temperature sensor malfunction

        • Engine coolant temperature sensor

        		 57 to 71
        Mass air flow meter malfunction

        • Mass air flow meter
        Abnormal A/F learned value

        • Air fuel ratio sensor
        Deviation from fuel injection characteristics

        • Fuel injector assembly (for port injection)
        Wet-fouled or dry-fouled spark plug

        • Spark plug
        Lack of fuel pressure

        • Pressure regulator

        • Fuel pump assembly

        • Fuel pump control circuit (low pressure side)

      2. Systems to Inspect

        Troubleshooting by System Suspected Area Suspected Component Procedure
        Fuel system troubleshooting A Abnormal A/F learned value

        • Fuel injector assembly (for port injection)

        87 to 94

        95 to 102
        Rough idling

        • Crankshaft position sensor
        Abnormal fuel pressure

        • Fuel

        • Fuel leak from fuel line

        • Fuel pump assembly

        • Pressure regulator
        Fuel system troubleshooting B Abnormal concentration of HC in surge tank

        • Purge valve system

        • Fuel injector assembly (for port injection)

        • Intake valve

        		 103 to 105
        Fuel system troubleshooting C Injection signal system malfunction

        • Fuel injector assembly (for port injection)

        • Crankshaft position sensor

        • VVT sensor

        • ECM

        		 73 to 76
        Intake system troubleshooting Difference between ISC target value and opening angle when idling

        • Engine assembly (compression loss)

        • Valve timing

        • Engine coolant temperature sensor

        • ECM

        84 to 86

        106 to 108
        Ignition system troubleshooting Camshaft and/or crankshaft position sensor signal malfunction

        • Crankshaft position sensor system (including sensor installation)

        • VVT sensor system (including sensor installation)

        • ECM

        77 to 83

        109 to 115

PROCEDURE


  1. CHECK FOR ANY OTHER DTCS OUTPUT AND RECORD FREEZE FRAME DATA


    1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Trouble Codes.

    4. A004KLTE03
      *a DTC is stored
      *b 0.5 seconds
      *c Freeze frame data recorded

      Read the DTCs and record the freeze frame data.

      Tech Tips


      • This freeze frame data shows the actual engine conditions when engine starting trouble occurred.

      • When confirming the freeze frame data, be sure to check all 5 data sets of freeze frame data.

      • The fourth set of freeze frame data is the data recorded when the DTC is stored.

      Result
      Result Proceed to
      Only DTC P1604 is output A
      DTCs other than P1604 are output B

    B

    GO TO DTC CHART Click here

    A

  2. CHECK ENGINE IMMOBILISER SYSTEM


    1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Turn the GTS on.

    4. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Data List / Immobiliser Fuel Cut.

    5. Read the value displayed on the GTS.

      OK
      Immobiliser Fuel Cut is OFF.

      Tech Tips

      After reconnecting the battery cable, if the engine is started immediately (without waiting 1.8 seconds after turning the ignition switch to ON), the engine will stop (due to the key verification process). The engine can be started after that.


    NG

    REPAIR ENGINE IMMOBILISER SYSTEM

    OK

  3. CHECK MALFUNCTION CONDITION


    1. Confirm the problem symptoms.

      Result
      Result Proceed to
      Freeze frame data exists, but the starting difficulty cannot be reproduced and it is unknown what kind of starting difficulty occurred A
      The problem symptoms can be reproduced, or the malfunction conditions are known B

    B

    CONFIRM PROBLEM SYMPTOM Click here

    A

  4. CHECK FREEZE FRAME DATA


    1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Using the GTS, confirm the vehicle conditions recorded in the freeze frame data which were present when the DTC was stored Click here.

      Result
      Freeze Frame Data Item Suspected Area Proceed to
      Engine Speed Battery Voltage
      All 5 sets of freeze frame data are 0 rpm (no engine cranking at all) Minimum voltage is below 5 V Battery fully depleted A
      Minimum voltage is 5 V or higher

      • Starter malfunction

      • Crankshaft position sensor system

      • Excess engine friction

      • Engine immobiliser system

      • ECM

      		 B
      60 to 250 rpm (engine cranks but no initial combustion) -

      • Fuel pump control circuit (low pressure side)

      • Ignition system

      • Engine coolant temperature sensor

      • Engine immobiliser system

      • Fuel injection system

      		 C
      250 rpm or higher (combustion occurs but initial combustion and starter turnoff occur late) -

      • Engine assembly

      • Fuel injection system

      • Fuel pump control circuit (low pressure side)

      		 D

      Tech Tips

      When DTC P1604 is stored, either "Engine Start Hesitation"*1 or "Low Rev for Eng Start"*2 in the freeze frame data will be ON. If "Low Rev for Eng Start" is ON, proceed to E.

      *1: This value turns ON when the engine speed does not reach a certain value for a certain period of time when starting the engine.

      *2: This value turns ON when the engine stalls immediately after starting the engine. If "Low Rev for Eng Start" is ON, as there is a possibility that the low engine speed or engine stall was caused by the user, confirm the following freeze frame data items.


      • Immobiliser Fuel Cut

      • Engine Speed (Starter Off)

      • Shift SW Status (R, D Range)


    A

    CHARGE OR REPLACE BATTERY

    C

    CHECK FREEZE FRAME DATA Click here

    D

    CHECK FREEZE FRAME DATA Click here

    B

  5. CHECK FREEZE FRAME DATA


    1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Using the GTS, confirm the vehicle conditions recorded in the freeze frame data which were present when the DTC was stored Click here.

      Result
      Freeze Frame Data Item Result Suspected Area Proceed to
      Battery Voltage Minimum voltage is 9 V or higher and voltage fluctuates*2, *3

      • Crankshaft position sensor system

      • ECM

      		 A
      Minimum voltage is 9 V or higher and voltage does not fluctuate*1 Starter system B
      Minimum voltage is 5 to 9 V*4

      • Excess engine friction

      • Battery fully depleted

      		 C

      Tech Tips


      • A004H28E17
        *1 Freeze Frame Data
        *2 Voltage does not Fluctuate
        *3 Voltage Fluctuates

        *1: The 5 sets of freeze frame data show approximately the same battery voltage.

      • *2: The 5 sets of freeze frame data show different battery voltages.

      • *3: If the voltage fluctuates, it can be determined that cranking is being performed. When the engine speed is 0 rpm, the crankshaft position sensor system and/or the ECM may be malfunctioning.

      • *4: There may be excess engine friction. Make sure that the crankshaft rotates smoothly when turning it by hand. Excess engine friction may have occurred temporarily. Remove the cylinder head cover and oil pan, and check for foreign matter such as iron fragments. If there is a malfunction or signs of a malfunction present, perform a detailed inspection by disassembling all the parts.


    B

    CHECK STARTER SIGNAL CIRCUIT Click here

    C

    CHECK AND REPAIR ENGINE OR BATTERY

    A

  6. CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR (SENSOR INSTALLATION)


    1. Check the tightening and installation condition of the crankshaft position sensor bolt.

    2. Check the connection of the crankshaft position sensor connector.

      Result
      Result Proceed to
      Normal A
      Abnormal B

    B

    SECURELY REINSTALL SENSOR Click here

    A

  7. CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR


    1. Disconnect the crankshaft position sensor connector.

    2. Check for oil on the connector terminals.

      OK
      No oil on the terminals.

    NG

    REPLACE CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR Click here

    OK

  8. CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR - ECM)


    1. Disconnect the crankshaft position sensor connector.

    2. Disconnect the ECM connector.

    3. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.

      Standard Resistance (Check for open)
      Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition
      A34-16 (NE+) - C33-1 (NE+) Always Below 1 Ω
      A34-27 (NE-) - C33-2 (NE-) Always Below 1 Ω
      Standard Resistance (Check for short)
      Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition
      A34-16 (NE+) or C33-1 (NE+) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher
      A34-27 (NE-) or C33-2 (NE-) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher

      Tech Tips


      • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

      • Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.


    NG

    REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR

    OK

  9. CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR


    1. Replace the crankshaft position sensor Click here.

    2. Check the engine start operation.

      OK
      Malfunction has been repaired successfully.

    OK

    END (CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR IS DEFECTIVE)

    NG

    REPLACE ECM Click here

  10. CHECK FREEZE FRAME DATA


    1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Using the GTS, confirm the vehicle conditions recorded in the freeze frame data which were present when the DTC was stored Click here.

      Result
      Freeze Frame Data Item Suspected Area Proceed to
      Coolant Temp, Ambient Temp for A/C, Intake Air Coolant Temp, Ambient Temp for A/C Fuel Pump Duty
      Difference between Coolant Temp, Ambient Temp for A/C and Intake Air is 10°C or more*1 Coolant Temp is 125°C or higher, or below Ambient Temp for A/C by 15°C or more - Engine coolant temperature sensor B
      Other than above No sets of freeze frame data are 0% - A
      At least 1 of the 5 sets of freeze frame data is 0% Fuel pump control circuit (low pressure side) C
      Difference between Coolant Temp, Ambient Temp for A/C and Intake Air is less than 10°C*2 - At least 1 of the 5 sets of freeze frame data is 0% Fuel pump control circuit (low pressure side) C
      No sets of freeze frame data are 0% - A

      Tech Tips


      • *1: A long time had not elapsed after stopping the engine.

      • *2: A long time had elapsed after stopping the engine.


    B

    REPLACE ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR Click here

    C

    CHECK FUEL PUMP CONTROL CIRCUIT (LOW PRESSURE SIDE) Click here

    A

  11. PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS (CONTROL THE FUEL PUMP / SPEED)


    1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Active Test / Control the Fuel Pump / Speed.

    4. When performing the Active Test, check for an operating sound from the fuel pump.

      OK
      Control the Fuel Pump / Speed Specified Condition
      ON Operating sound heard
      OFF Operating sound not heard

      Tech Tips

      Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.


    NG

    REPAIR FUEL PUMP CONTROL CIRCUIT (LOW PRESSURE SIDE)

    OK

  12. CHECK TERMINAL VOLTAGE (FUEL INJECTOR POWER SOURCE)


    1. A004H6EE04
      Text in Illustration
      *a

      Front view of wire harness connector

      (to Fuel Injector Assembly)
      *b No. 1 cylinder
      *c No. 2 cylinder
      *d No. 3 cylinder
      *e No. 4 cylinder

      Disconnect the fuel injector assembly connectors.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Measure the voltage according to the value(s) in the table below.

      Standard Voltage
      Cylinder Tester Connection Switch Condition Specified Condition
      No. 1 C8-1 - Body ground Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V
      No. 2 C30-1 - Body ground Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V
      No. 3 C9-1 - Body ground Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V
      No. 4 C31-1 - Body ground Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V

      Tech Tips


      • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

      • Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.


    NG

    REPAIR FUEL INJECTOR POWER SOURCE CIRCUIT

    OK

  13. PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS (CONTROL THE FUEL PUMP / SPEED)


    1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Active Test / Control the Fuel Pump / Speed.

    4. When performing the Active Test, check for fuel leakage from the fuel pipes.

      Result
      Result Proceed to
      No fuel leakage or signs of fuel leakage A
      Fuel leakage or signs of fuel leakage are present B

      Tech Tips


      • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

      • When performing the Active Test, if there is no operating noise from the fuel pump, the fuel pump system may be malfunctioning.

      • Check if the vehicle ran out of fuel, as engine starting trouble due to running out of fuel is also detected.


    B

    REPAIR OR REPLACE FUEL LINE

    A

  14. CHECK FUEL SYSTEM


    1. Check for foreign matter such as iron particles around the fuel pump assembly (fuel pump, fuel pump filter, and inside the fuel tank), and for signs that the fuel pump was stuck.

      Result
      Result Proceed to
      There is foreign matter or signs that fuel pump was stuck A
      There is no foreign matter and no signs that fuel pump was stuck B

    A

    REPAIR OR REPLACE FUEL SYSTEM

    B

    PERFORM SIMULATION TEST Click here

  15. CHECK FREEZE FRAME DATA


    1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Using the GTS, confirm the vehicle conditions recorded in the freeze frame data which were present when the DTC was stored Click here.

      Result
      Freeze Frame Data Item Suspected Area Proceed to
      Coolant Temp, Ambient Temp for A/C, Intake Air Coolant Temp, Ambient Temp for A/C Long FT Engine Speed
      Difference between Coolant Temp, Ambient Temp for A/C and Intake Air is 10°C or more Coolant Temp is 125°C or higher, or below Ambient Temp for A/C by 15°C or more - - Engine coolant temperature sensor B
      Other than above -15% or less, or +15% or more -

      • Fuel pump control circuit (low pressure side)

      • Fuel injector assembly (for port injection)

      		 A
      -15 to +15% Minimum speed is 300 rpm or more*1 Engine assembly C
      Minimum speed is less than 300 rpm

      • Fuel system

      • Intake air system

      		 D
      Difference between Coolant Temp, Ambient Temp for A/C and Intake Air is less than 10°C - -15% or less, or +15% or more -

      • Fuel pump control circuit (low pressure side)

      • Fuel injector assembly (for port injection)

      		 A
      -15 to +15% Minimum speed is 300 rpm or more*1 Engine assembly C
      Minimum speed is less than 300 rpm

      • Fuel system

      • Intake air system

      		 D

      Tech Tips

      *1: Compression loss may have occurred in the engine assembly.


    B

    REPLACE ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR Click here

    C

    CHECK AND REPAIR ENGINE

    D

    CHECK FREEZE FRAME DATA Click here

    A

  16. INSPECT FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY (FOR PORT INJECTION)


    1. Check that no carbon is stuck to the fuel injector assembly (for port injection).

      OK
      No carbon present.

    NG

    REPLACE FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY (FOR PORT INJECTION) Click here

    OK

  17. CHECK FUEL SYSTEM


    1. Check for foreign matter such as iron particles around the fuel pump assembly (fuel pump, fuel pump filter, and inside the fuel tank), and for signs that the fuel pump was stuck.

      Result
      Result Proceed to
      There is foreign matter or signs that fuel pump was stuck A
      There is no foreign matter and no signs that fuel pump was stuck B

    A

    REPAIR OR REPLACE FUEL SYSTEM

    B

    PERFORM SIMULATION TEST Click here

  18. CHECK FREEZE FRAME DATA


    1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Using the GTS, confirm the vehicle conditions recorded in the freeze frame data which were present when the DTC was stored Click here.

      Result
      Freeze Frame Data Item Result Suspected Area Proceed to
      Coolant Temp Engine coolant temperature is 40°C or less*1 Pressure regulator A
      Engine coolant temperature is 40 to 90°C*2 Fuel injector B
      Engine coolant temperature is 90°C or higher*3 Pressure regulator A

      Tech Tips

      *1: If the engine coolant temperature is 40°C or less (after stopping the engine and the vehicle has not been driven for a long period of time), the pressure regulator may be stuck open. Attach a fuel pressure gauge and check the ability of the system to maintain fuel pressure after stopping the engine.

      *2: If the engine coolant temperature is 40 to 90°C (15 to 120 minutes have passed after stopping the engine), there may be fuel leaking from a fuel injector.

      *3: If the engine coolant temperature is 90°C or more (2 to 5 minutes have passed after stopping the engine), there may be a problem with the pressure regulator failing to maintain the fuel pressure. Attach a fuel pressure gauge and check the ability of the pressure regulator to maintain fuel pressure after stopping the engine.


    B

    CHECK FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY (FOR PORT INJECTION) Click here

    A

  19. CHECK FUEL PRESSURE (LOW PRESSURE SIDE)

    Tech Tips

    For the fuel pressure inspection, refer to the following procedures Click here.


    1. Attach a fuel pressure gauge and check the fuel pressure after stopping the engine.

      Standard
      147 kPa (1.5 kgf/cm2) or higher (5 minutes after stopping the engine)

      Tech Tips

      If the engine cannot be started, read the values after cranking the engine.

      Result
      Result Proceed to
      Abnormal A
      Normal B

    A

    REPLACE FUEL PRESSURE REGULATOR ASSEMBLY Click here

    B

    PERFORM SIMULATION TEST Click here

  20. CHECK FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY (FOR PORT INJECTION)


    1. Clean the inside of the surge tank with compressed air.

    2. After stopping the engine, measure the HC concentration inside the surge tank for 15 minutes.

      Result
      Result Proceed to
      4000 ppm or more A
      Less than 4000 ppm B

      Tech Tips

      If the concentration is 4000 ppm or more, a fuel injector assembly may have a sealing problem.


    B

    CHECK THROTTLE WITH MOTOR BODY ASSEMBLY Click here

    A

  21. CHECK FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY (FOR PORT INJECTION)


    1. Inspect the fuel injector assemblies (for port injection) Click here.

      Result
      Result Proceed to
      Normal A
      Abnormal B

    B

    REPLACE FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY (FOR PORT INJECTION) Click here

    A

  22. CHECK THROTTLE WITH MOTOR BODY ASSEMBLY


    1. Check if carbon is in the airflow passage.

      Result
      Result Proceed to
      No carbon present A
      Carbon in passage B

    B

    REPLACE THROTTLE WITH MOTOR BODY ASSEMBLY Click here

    A

  23. CHECK INTAKE SYSTEM


    1. Check the intake system for vacuum leaks Click here.

      OK
      No leaks in intake system.

    NG

    REPAIR OR REPLACE INTAKE SYSTEM

    OK

  24. PERFORM SIMULATION TEST


    1. Check if the engine can be started.

      Result
      Result Proceed to
      Engine cannot be started A
      Engine can be started B

    B

    END

    A

  25. CONFIRM PROBLEM SYMPTOM


    1. Confirm the problem symptoms.

      Tech Tips

      The problem symptoms below can be determined by reading the freeze frame data.

      Result
      Problem Symptom Suspected Area Proceed to
      The engine does not crank

      • Battery fully depleted

      • Starter assembly (includes pinion gear wear or tooth damage)

      • Starter system

      • Engine assembly (excess friction)

      • Flywheel wear or tooth damage (for Manual Transmission)

      • Drive plate wear or tooth damage (for Automatic Transmission)

      		 A
      Abnormal cranking speed

      • Battery fully depleted

      • Starter assembly

      • Engine assembly (excess friction, compression loss)

      		 B
      There is no initial combustion (combustion does not occur even once)*1

      • Pressure regulator fuel pressure maintenance

      • Fuel injector leak

      • Fuel leak from fuel line

      • Fuel pump control circuit (low pressure side)

      • Fuel pump assembly

      • Spark plug

      • Crankshaft position sensor system

      • Ignition coil system

      		 C
      The engine stalls after starter turnoff (engine stalls immediately after the first time the engine speed increases)*2

      • Intake system connections

      • Throttle with motor body assembly

      • Camshaft timing oil control valve

      • Mass air flow meter system

      		 D
      The initial combustion and starter turnoff occur late*3

      • Engine coolant temperature sensor

      • Mass air flow meter

      • Air fuel ratio sensor

      • Heated oxygen sensor

      • Fuel injector assembly (for port injection)

      • Spark plug

      • Pressure regulator

      • Fuel pump assembly

      • Fuel pump control circuit (low pressure side)

      		 E

      Tech Tips


      • If there is hesitation (cranking speed is slow and combustion occurs before passing TDC) during the initial cranking period, the battery charge may be insufficient or the starter may be malfunctioning.

      • *1: If there is no initial combustion, a wire harness may be malfunctioning, or the ignition or fuel system may be malfunctioning.

      • *2: If the engine stalls after starter turnoff, the air-fuel ratio may be incorrect or the camshaft timing oil control valve may have a problem returning.

      • *3: If the initial combustion and starter turnoff occur late, the fuel injection volume may be incorrect (too low or too high).


    B

    PERFORM SIMULATION TEST Click here

    C

    CHECK FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY (FOR PORT INJECTION) Click here

    D

    INSPECT MASS AIR FLOW METER Click here

    E

    INSPECT ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR Click here

    A

  26. PERFORM SIMULATION TEST


    1. When cranking the engine, check for a noise indicating that the starter pinion gear is extending, and check that the starter pinion gear is not spinning freely.

      Result
      Problem Symptom Suspected Area Proceed to
      A noise indicating that the starter pinion gear is extending is heard and the starter pinion gear is not spinning freely*1

      • Battery

      • Excess engine friction

      • Starter assembly

      		 A
      A noise indicating that the starter pinion gear is extending is heard but the starter pinion gear is spinning freely

      • Fly wheel (for Manual Transmission)

      • Drive plate (for Automatic Transmission)

      • Starter assembly

      		 B
      A noise indicating that the starter pinion gear is extending is not heard

      • Battery

      • Starter assembly

      • Starter system

      		 C

      Tech Tips

      *1: The battery may be fully depleted or there may be excess engine friction.


    B

    CHECK STARTER ASSEMBLY Click here

    C

    INSPECT BATTERY Click here

    A

  27. INSPECT BATTERY


    1. A004H0R

      Check the electrolyte quantity.

      OK
      Electrolyte quantity is within the specified range.

    2. Inspect the specific gravity.


      1. Inspect the specific gravity of each cell.

        Standard specific gravity
        1.25 to 1.29 (electrolyte is at 20°C (68°F))

        Tech Tips


        • If the result is not as specified, recharge or replace the battery.

        • It is not necessary to inspect a maintenance-free battery.

    3. Inspect the battery voltage.


      1. Turn the ignition switch off and turn on the headlights for 20 to 30 seconds. This will remove the surface charge from the battery.

      2. Measure the battery voltage.

        Standard voltage
        12.5 to 12.9 V (electrolyte is at 20°C (68°F))

        Tech Tips

        If the result is not as specified, recharge or replace the battery.

      3. Measure the battery voltage when cranking the engine.

        Standard
        Approximately 6 V or higher (0°C (32°F) or higher)

        Tech Tips

        When the battery is depleted, the horn becomes quieter.


    NG

    CHARGE OR REPLACE BATTERY

    OK

  28. CHECK ENGINE ASSEMBLY


    1. Check that the crankshaft rotates smoothly when rotating it by hand.

      OK
      Crankshaft rotates smoothly.
      Result
      Result Proceed to
      Abnormal A
      Normal (for Automatic Transmission) B
      Normal (for Manual Transmission) C

      Tech Tips

      Excess engine friction may have occurred temporarily. Remove the cylinder head cover and oil pan, and check for foreign matter such as iron fragments. If there is a malfunction or signs of a malfunction present, perform a detailed inspection by disassembling all the parts.


    A

    REPAIR OR REPLACE ENGINE ASSEMBLY

    B

    INSPECT STARTER ASSEMBLY Click here

    C

    INSPECT STARTER ASSEMBLY Click here

  29. CHECK STARTER ASSEMBLY


    1. Remove the starter assembly (for Automatic Transmission) Click here.

    2. Remove the starter assembly (for Manual Transmission) Click here.

    3. Check for starter pinion gear wear and damage.

      OK
      There is no wear or damage.
      Result
      Result Proceed to
      Abnormal (for Automatic Transmission) A
      Abnormal (for Manual Transmission) B
      Normal (for Automatic Transmission) C
      Normal (for Manual Transmission) D

    A

    REPLACE STARTER ASSEMBLY Click here

    B

    REPLACE STARTER ASSEMBLY Click here

    C

    REPLACE DRIVE PLATE AND RING GEAR SUB-ASSEMBLY Click here

    D

    REPLACE FLYWHEEL SUB-ASSEMBLY Click here

  30. INSPECT BATTERY


    1. A004H0R

      Check the electrolyte quantity.

      OK
      Electrolyte quantity is within the specified range.

    2. Inspect the specific gravity.


      1. Inspect the specific gravity of each cell.

        Standard specific gravity
        1.25 to 1.29 (electrolyte is at 20°C (68°F))

        Tech Tips


        • If the result is not as specified, recharge or replace the battery.

        • It is not necessary to inspect a maintenance-free battery.

    3. Inspect the battery voltage.


      1. Turn the ignition switch off and turn on the headlights for 20 to 30 seconds. This will remove the surface charge from the battery.

      2. Measure the battery voltage.

        Standard voltage
        12.5 to 12.9 V (electrolyte is at 20°C (68°F))

        Tech Tips

        If the result is not as specified, recharge or replace the battery.

      3. Measure the battery voltage when cranking the engine.

        Standard
        Approximately 6 V or higher (0°C (32°F) or higher)

        Tech Tips

        When the battery is depleted, the horn becomes quieter.


    NG

    CHARGE OR REPLACE BATTERY

    OK

  31. INSPECT STARTER ASSEMBLY


    1. Inspect the starter assembly (for Automatic Transmission) Click here.

    2. Inspect the starter assembly (for Manual Transmission) Click here.

      Result
      Result Proceed to
      Normal A
      Abnormal (for Automatic Transmission) B
      Abnormal (for Manual Transmission) C

    A

    CHECK STARTER SIGNAL CIRCUIT Click here

    B

    REPLACE STARTER ASSEMBLY Click here

    C

    REPLACE STARTER ASSEMBLY Click here

  32. PERFORM SIMULATION TEST


    1. Check the cranking speed.

      Result
      Problem Symptom Suspected Area Proceed to
      Cranking speed is slow (100 rpm or less)

      • Battery

      • Starter assembly

      • Excess engine friction

      		 A
      Cranking speed is fast (300 rpm or more)*1 Engine compression loss B

      Tech Tips

      *1: If the cranking speed is fast, there may be compression loss.


    B

    CHECK AND REPAIR ENGINE ASSEMBLY

    A

  33. INSPECT BATTERY


    1. A004H0R

      Check the electrolyte quantity.

      OK
      Electrolyte quantity is within the specified range.

    2. Inspect the specific gravity.


      1. Inspect the specific gravity of each cell.

        Standard specific gravity
        1.25 to 1.29 (electrolyte is at 20°C (68°F))

        Tech Tips


        • If the result is not as specified, recharge or replace the battery.

        • It is not necessary to inspect a maintenance-free battery.

    3. Inspect the battery voltage.


      1. Turn the ignition switch off and turn on the headlights for 20 to 30 seconds. This will remove the surface charge from the battery.

      2. Measure the battery voltage.

        Standard voltage
        12.5 to 12.9 V (electrolyte is at 20°C (68°F))

        Tech Tips

        If the result is not as specified, recharge or replace the battery.

      3. Measure the battery voltage when cranking the engine.

        Standard
        Approximately 6 V or higher (0°C (32°F) or higher)

        Tech Tips

        When the battery is depleted, the horn becomes quieter.


    NG

    CHARGE OR REPLACE BATTERY

    OK

  34. CHECK ENGINE ASSEMBLY


    1. Check that the crankshaft rotates smoothly when rotating it by hand.

      OK
      Crankshaft rotates smoothly.
      Result
      Result Proceed to
      Abnormal A
      Normal (for Automatic Transmission) B
      Normal (for Manual Transmission) C

      Tech Tips

      Excess engine friction may have occurred temporarily. Remove the cylinder head cover and oil pan, and check for foreign matter such as iron fragments. If there is a malfunction or signs of a malfunction present, perform a detailed inspection by disassembling all the parts.


    A

    REPAIR OR REPLACE ENGINE ASSEMBLY

    B

    INSPECT STARTER ASSEMBLY Click here

    C

    INSPECT STARTER ASSEMBLY Click here

  35. CHECK FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY (FOR PORT INJECTION)


    1. Using a sound scope or screwdriver, check for fuel injector operating noise while cranking the engine.

      OK
      Fuel injector operating noise is heard.

    NG

    READ VALUE USING GTS (ENGINE SPEED) Click here

    OK

  36. CHECK FUEL PRESSURE (LOW PRESSURE SIDE)


    1. Inspect the fuel pressure Click here.


    NG

    PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS (CONTROL THE FUEL PUMP / SPEED) Click here

    OK

  37. CHECK SPARK PLUG AND SPARK


    1. Check for sparks Click here.


    NG

    CHECK SPARK PLUG Click here

    OK

  38. CONFIRM VEHICLE CONDITION


    1. Confirm the conditions present when the malfunction occurred based on the customer problem analysis.

      Result
      Problem Symptom Suspected Area Proceed to
      When the engine is stopped and a long time has passed, engine starting trouble occurs*1 Pressure regulator is stuck open A
      When the engine is stopped and approximately 15 to 120 minutes have passed, engine starting trouble occurs*2 Fuel injector leak B
      When the engine is stopped and approximately 2 to 3 minutes have passed, engine starting trouble occurs*3 Failure to maintain fuel pressure by pressure regulator A
      Condition other than above, or there is an inconsistency in the conditions present when engine starting trouble occurs - C*4

      Tech Tips

      *1: The pressure regulator may be stuck open. Attach a fuel pressure gauge and check the ability of the system to maintain fuel pressure after stopping the engine.

      *2: Fuel may be leaking from a fuel injector assembly.

      *3: The pressure regulator may not be able to maintain the fuel pressure. Attach a fuel pressure gauge and check the ability of the pressure regulator to maintain fuel pressure after stopping the engine.

      *4: From step 72, perform fuel system troubleshooting C (steps 73 to 76).


    B

    CHECK FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY (FOR PORT INJECTION) Click here

    C

    CHECK MALFUNCTION CONDITION Click here

    A

  39. CHECK FUEL PRESSURE (LOW PRESSURE SIDE)

    Tech Tips

    For the fuel pressure inspection, refer to the following procedures Click here.


    1. Attach a fuel pressure gauge and check the fuel pressure after stopping the engine.

      Result
      Result Proceed to

      Below 147 kPa (1.5 kgf/cm2) (5 minutes after stopping the engine)

      		 A

      147 kPa (1.5 kgf/cm2) or higher (5 minutes after stopping the engine)

      		 B*1

      Tech Tips


      • If the engine cannot be started, check the fuel pressure after cranking the engine.

      • *1: From step 72, perform fuel system troubleshooting C (steps 73 to 76).


    A

    REPLACE FUEL PRESSURE REGULATOR ASSEMBLY Click here

    B

    CHECK MALFUNCTION CONDITION Click here

  40. CHECK FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY (FOR PORT INJECTION)


    1. After stopping the engine, measure the HC concentration inside the surge tank for 15 minutes.

      Result
      Result Proceed to
      4000 ppm or more A
      Less than 4000 ppm B*1

      Tech Tips


      • If the concentration is 4000 ppm or more, a fuel injector assembly may have a sealing problem.

      • *1: From step 72, perform fuel system troubleshooting C (steps 73 to 76).


    A

    REPLACE FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY (FOR PORT INJECTION) Click here

    B

    CHECK MALFUNCTION CONDITION Click here

  41. CHECK SPARK PLUG


    1. Inspect the spark plugs Click here.

      Tech Tips

      Even if the spark plug of only one cylinder is malfunctioning, replace the spark plugs of all cylinders.


    NG

    REPLACE SPARK PLUG Click here

    OK

  42. READ VALUE USING GTS (ENGINE SPEED)


    1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Data List / Engine Speed.

    4. Start the engine.

    5. While running the engine, read the value of Engine Speed.

      OK
      A value that matches the actual engine speed is constantly output.

      Tech Tips


      • Check the engine speed using a line graph.

      • If the engine cannot be started, check the engine speed while cranking the engine.

      • If the engine speed is 0 rpm, the crankshaft position sensor may have an open or short circuit.


    NG

    CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR CIRCUIT Click here

    OK

  43. CHECK TERMINAL VOLTAGE (IGNITION COIL POWER SOURCE)


    1. A004IS2E02
      Text in Illustration
      *a

      Front view of wire harness connector

      (to Ignition Coil Assembly)
      *b No. 1 cylinder
      *c No. 2 cylinder
      *d No. 3 cylinder
      *e No. 4 cylinder

      Disconnect the ignition coil assembly connectors.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Measure the voltage according to the value(s) in the table below.

      Standard Voltage
      Tester Connection Switch Condition Specified Condition
      C38-1 - Body ground Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V
      C28-1 - Body ground Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V
      C39-1 - Body ground Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V
      C27-1 - Body ground Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V

      Tech Tips


      • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

      • Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.


    NG

    CHECK IGNITION COIL POWER SOURCE CIRCUIT

    OK

  44. CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (IGNITION COIL ASSEMBLY - ECM)


    1. Disconnect the ignition coil assembly connector.

    2. Disconnect the ECM connector.

    3. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.

      Standard Resistance (Check for open)
      Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition
      A36-21 (IGT1) - C38-3 Always Below 1 Ω
      A36-10 (IGT2) - C28-3 Always Below 1 Ω
      A36-31 (IGT3) - C39-3 Always Below 1 Ω
      A36-8 (IGT4) - C27-3 Always Below 1 Ω
      Standard Resistance (Check for short)
      Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition
      A36-21 (IGT1) or C38-3 - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher
      A36-10 (IGT2) or C28-3 - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher
      A36-31 (IGT3) or C39-3 - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher
      A36-8 (IGT4) or C27-3 - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher

      Tech Tips


      • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

      • Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.


    NG

    REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR

    OK

  45. CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (IGNITION COIL ASSEMBLY - BODY GROUND)


    1. Disconnect the ignition coil assembly connector.

    2. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.

      Standard Resistance (Check for open)
      Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition
      C38-2 - Body ground Always Below 1 Ω
      C28-2 - Body ground Always Below 1 Ω
      C39-2 - Body ground Always Below 1 Ω
      C27-2 - Body ground Always Below 1 Ω

      Tech Tips


      • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

      • Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.

      • If the wire harness is normal, after replacing the ignition coil assembly, check if engine starting trouble occurs again. If engine starting trouble occurs again, proceed to step 72 and perform troubleshooting for the ignition system (steps 78 to 83).


    OK

    REPLACE IGNITION COIL ASSEMBLY Click here

    NG

    REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR

  46. PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS (CONTROL THE FUEL PUMP / SPEED)


    1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Active Test / Control the Fuel Pump / Speed.

    4. When performing the Active Test, check for an operating sound from the fuel pump.

      OK
      Control the Fuel Pump / Speed Specified Condition
      ON Operating sound heard
      OFF Operating sound not heard

      Tech Tips

      Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.


    NG

    CHECK FUEL PUMP CONTROL CIRCUIT (LOW PRESSURE SIDE) Click here

    OK

  47. PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS (CONTROL THE FUEL PUMP / SPEED)


    1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Active Test / Control the Fuel Pump / Speed.

    4. When performing the Active Test, check for fuel leakage from the fuel pipes.

      Result
      Result Proceed to
      Fuel leakage or signs of fuel leakage are present A
      No fuel leakage or signs of fuel leakage B

      Tech Tips


      • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

      • Check if the vehicle ran out of fuel, as engine starting trouble due to running out of fuel is also detected.

      • If there are no fuel leaks, after inspecting the fuel pump control circuit, check if engine starting trouble occurs again. If engine starting trouble occurs again, proceed to step 72 and perform fuel system troubleshooting C (steps 73 to 77).


    A

    REPAIR OR REPLACE FUEL LINE

    B

    CHECK FUEL PUMP CONTROL CIRCUIT (LOW PRESSURE SIDE) Click here

  48. READ VALUE USING GTS (ENGINE SPEED)


    1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Data List / Engine Speed.

    4. Start the engine.

    5. While running the engine, read the value of Engine Speed.

      OK
      A value that matches the actual engine speed is constantly output.

      Tech Tips


      • Check the engine speed using a line graph.

      • If the engine cannot be started, check the engine speed while cranking the engine.

      • If the engine speed is 0 rpm, the crankshaft position sensor may have an open or short circuit.


    NG

    REPLACE CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR Click here

    OK

  49. CHECK TERMINAL VOLTAGE (FUEL INJECTOR POWER SOURCE)


    1. A004H6EE04
      Text in Illustration
      *a

      Front view of wire harness connector

      (to Fuel Injector Assembly)
      *b No. 1 cylinder
      *c No. 2 cylinder
      *d No. 3 cylinder
      *e No. 4 cylinder

      Disconnect the fuel injector assembly connectors.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Measure the voltage according to the value(s) in the table below.

      Standard Voltage
      Cylinder Tester Connection Switch Condition Specified Condition
      No. 1 C8-1 - Body ground Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V
      No. 2 C30-1 - Body ground Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V
      No. 3 C9-1 - Body ground Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V
      No. 4 C31-1 - Body ground Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V

      Tech Tips


      • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

      • Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.


    NG

    REPAIR FUEL INJECTOR POWER SOURCE CIRCUIT

    OK

  50. INSPECT MASS AIR FLOW METER


    1. Inspect the mass air flow meter Click here.


    NG

    CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (MASS AIR FLOW METER - ECM) Click here

    OK

  51. CHECK INTAKE SYSTEM


    1. Check for air leakage in the intake system [vacuum hose disconnection, cracks, damaged gaskets, etc.] Click here.

      Tech Tips


      • If the accelerator pedal is released after racing the engine, the inspection is easier to perform because the vacuum inside the intake manifold increases and the air suction noise becomes louder.

      • If Short FT and Long FT are largely different from the normal values (differ by more than 15%) when idling (intake air volume is small) and almost the same as the normal values when racing the engine (for example, when maintaining a speed of 3000 rpm) (intake air volume is high), air leakage may be present.

      OK
      There is no air leakage.

    NG

    REPAIR OR REPLACE INTAKE SYSTEM

    OK

  52. CHECK THROTTLE WITH MOTOR BODY ASSEMBLY


    1. Disconnect the throttle with motor body assembly connector.

      Tech Tips

      When the connector is disconnected, the vehicle enters fail-safe mode.

    2. Crank the engine and check that it starts.

      Result
      Result Proceed to
      Engine starts A
      Engine does not start B

    3. Connect the throttle with motor body assembly connector.

      Tech Tips

      When this inspection is performed, the MIL may illuminate. After finishing the inspection, check and clear DTCs Click here.


    B

    PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS (CONTROL THE VVT LINEAR) Click here

    A

  53. CHECK THROTTLE WITH MOTOR BODY ASSEMBLY


    1. Check if carbon is in the airflow passage.

      OK
      No carbon present.

    NG

    REPLACE THROTTLE WITH MOTOR BODY ASSEMBLY Click here

    OK

  54. PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS (CONTROL THE VVT LINEAR)


    1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the GTS on.

    3. Warm up the engine.

    4. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Active Test / Control the VVT Linear (Bank1) or Control the VVT Linear (Bank2).

      Tech Tips

      When performing the Active Test, make sure the vehicle is stopped.

    5. Check the engine speed while operating the camshaft timing oil control valve using the GTS.

      OK
      GTS Operation Specified Condition
      0 deg (CA) Normal engine speed
      36 deg (CA) Engine idles roughly or stalls

      Tech Tips


      • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

      • When the results of the inspection using the Active Test are normal but the valve operating noise is abnormal, check the valve for any signs of problems.

      • If the camshaft timing oil control valve is stuck on, the valve overlap increases and combustion worsens due to the internal EGR which may cause the engine to stall.


    NG

    REPLACE CAMSHAFT TIMING OIL CONTROL VALVE (FOR INTAKE SIDE) Click here

    OK

  55. PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS (CONTROL THE VVT EXHAUST LINEAR)


    1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the GTS on.

    3. Warm up the engine.

    4. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Active Test / Control the VVT Exhaust Linear (Bank1) or Control the VVT Exhaust Linear (Bank2).

      Tech Tips

      When performing the Active Test, make sure the vehicle is stopped.

    5. Check the engine speed while operating the camshaft timing oil control valve using the GTS.

      OK*1
      GTS Operation Specified Condition
      0 deg (CA) Normal engine speed
      51 deg (CA) Engine idles roughly or stalls
      Result
      Result Proceed to
      NG A
      OK B

      Tech Tips


      • *1: From step 72, perform intake system troubleshooting (steps 84 to 86). If engine starting trouble still occurs, perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 87 to 94).

      • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

      • When the results of the inspection using the Active Test are normal but the valve operating noise is abnormal, check the valve for any signs of problems.

      • If the camshaft timing oil control valve is stuck on, the valve overlap increases and combustion worsens due to the internal EGR which may cause the engine to stall.


    A

    REPLACE CAMSHAFT TIMING OIL CONTROL VALVE (FOR EXHAUST SIDE) Click here

    B

    CHECK MALFUNCTION CONDITION Click here

  56. CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (MASS AIR FLOW METER - ECM)


    1. Disconnect the mass air flow meter connector.

    2. Disconnect the ECM connector.

    3. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.

      Standard Resistance (Check for open)
      Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition
      A33-22 (VG) - C16-5 (VG) Always Below 1 Ω
      A33-29 (E2G) - C16-4 (E2G) Always Below 1 Ω
      Standard Resistance (Check for short)
      Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition
      A33-22 (VG) or C16-5 (VG) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher
      A33-29 (E2G) or C16-4 (E2G) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher

      Tech Tips


      • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

      • Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.

      • If the wire harness is normal, after replacing the mass air flow meter, check if engine starting trouble occurs again. If engine starting trouble occurs again, proceed to step 72 and perform intake system troubleshooting (steps 84 to 86). If engine starting trouble still occurs, perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 87 to 94).


    OK

    REPLACE MASS AIR FLOW METER Click here

    NG

    REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR

  57. INSPECT ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR


    1. Inspect the engine coolant temperature sensor Click here.

      Tech Tips

      If the engine coolant temperature sensor is malfunctioning, after replacing it, check if engine starting trouble occurs again. If engine starting trouble occurs, replace the ECM. If engine starting trouble still occurs, proceed to step 72 and perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 95 to 102), fuel system troubleshooting B (steps 103 to 105), intake system troubleshooting (steps 106 to 108), and ignition system troubleshooting (steps 109 to 114), in that order.


    NG

    REPLACE ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR Click here

    OK

  58. CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR - ECM)


    1. Disconnect the engine coolant temperature sensor connector.

    2. Disconnect the ECM connector.

    3. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.

      Standard Resistance (Check for open)
      Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition
      A36-30 (THW) - C35-2 (THW) Always Below 1 Ω
      A36-29 (E1) - C35-1 (E2) Always Below 1 Ω
      Standard Resistance (Check for short)
      Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition
      A36-30 (THW) or C35-2 (THW) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher
      A36-29 (E1) or C35-1 (E2) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher

      Tech Tips


      • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

      • Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.

      • If the wire harness or connector is malfunctioning, after replacing or repairing it, check if engine starting trouble occurs again. If engine starting trouble occurs, replace the ECM. If engine starting trouble still occurs, proceed to step 72 and perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 95 to 102), fuel system troubleshooting B (steps 103 to 105), intake system troubleshooting (steps 106 to 108), and ignition system troubleshooting (steps 109 to 115), in that order.


    NG

    REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR

    OK

  59. INSPECT MASS AIR FLOW METER


    1. Inspect the mass air flow meter Click here.

      Tech Tips

      If the mass air flow meter is malfunctioning, after replacing it, check if engine starting trouble occurs again. If engine starting trouble occurs, replace the ECM. If engine starting trouble still occurs, proceed to step 72 and perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 95 to 102), fuel system troubleshooting B (steps 103 to 105), intake system troubleshooting (steps 106 to 108), and ignition system troubleshooting (steps 109 to 115), in that order.


    NG

    REPLACE MASS AIR FLOW METER Click here

    OK

  60. CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (MASS AIR FLOW METER - ECM)


    1. Disconnect the mass air flow meter connector.

    2. Disconnect the ECM connector.

    3. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.

      Standard Resistance (Check for open)
      Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition
      A33-22 (VG) - C16-5 (VG) Always Below 1 Ω
      A33-29 (E2G) - C16-4 (E2G) Always Below 1 Ω
      Standard Resistance (Check for short)
      Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition
      A33-22 (VG) or C16-5 (VG) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher
      A33-29 (E2G) or C16-4 (E2G) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher

      Tech Tips


      • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

      • Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.

      • If the wire harness or connector is malfunctioning, after replacing or repairing it, check if engine starting trouble occurs again. If engine starting trouble occurs, replace the ECM. If engine starting trouble still occurs, proceed to step 72 and perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 95 to 102), fuel system troubleshooting B (steps 103 to 105), intake system troubleshooting (steps 106 to 108), and ignition system troubleshooting (steps 109 to 115), in that order.


    NG

    REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR

    OK

  61. READ VALUE USING GTS


    1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Data List / Atmospheric Pressure and Long FT.

      Result
      Data List Item Result Suspected Area Proceed to
      Long FT +25% or more or less than -25%

      • Air fuel ratio sensor

      • Heated oxygen sensor

      • Mass air flow meter

      • Fuel injector assembly (for port injection)

      • ECM

      		 A
      Atmosphere Pressure 80 kPa or less (when elevation is 0 m)
      Both Data List items listed above Values are other than above - B

    B

    CHECK FUEL PRESSURE (LOW PRESSURE SIDE) Click here

    A

  62. PERFORM SIMULATION TEST


    1. Remove the EFI MAIN and ETCS fuses from the engine room relay block assembly.

    2. After 60 seconds or more elapse, install the EFI MAIN and ETCS fuses.

    3. Check if the engine can be started.

      Result
      Result Proceed to
      Engine can be started A
      Engine cannot be started B

    B

    CHECK FUEL PRESSURE (LOW PRESSURE SIDE) Click here

    A

  63. INSPECT AIR FUEL RATIO SENSOR

    A004KNJE21

    1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

    2. Start the engine.

    3. Turn the GTS on.

    4. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Data List / Fuel System Status #1.

    5. Confirm that Fuel System Status #1 is CL.

    6. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Data List / AF Lambda B1S1.

    7. Confirm that AF Lambda B1S1 is both within the range of 0.95 to 1.05 when idling.

    8. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Active Test / Control the Injection Volume for A/F sensor.

    9. Read the output voltage from the air fuel ratio sensor when increasing and decreasing the fuel injection volume.

      Standard
      GTS Display Injection Volume Specified Condition
      AFS Voltage B1S1 +12.5% Air fuel ratio sensor output voltage is below 2.0 V
      -12.5% Air fuel ratio sensor output voltage is higher than 2.4 V
      Result
      Result Proceed to
      Normal A
      Abnormal B

      Tech Tips


      • The air fuel ratio sensor has an output delay of a few seconds and the heated oxygen sensor has a maximum output delay of approximately 20 seconds.

      • If the air fuel ratio sensor is malfunctioning, after replacing it, check if engine starting trouble occurs again. If engine starting trouble occurs, replace the ECM. If engine starting trouble still occurs, proceed to step 72 and perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 95 to 102), fuel system troubleshooting B (steps 103 to 105), intake system troubleshooting (steps 106 to 108), and ignition system troubleshooting (steps 109 to 115), in that order.


    B

    REPLACE AIR FUEL RATIO SENSOR Click here

    A

  64. PERFORM SIMULATION TEST


    1. Check if the idling speed is stable after starting the engine.

      OK
      Speed is stable.

      Tech Tips

      After replacing the fuel injector assembly or mass air flow meter, check if engine starting trouble occurs again. If engine starting trouble occurs, replace the ECM. If engine starting trouble still occurs, proceed to step 72 and perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 95 to 102), fuel system troubleshooting B (steps 103 to 105), intake system troubleshooting (steps 106 to 108), and ignition system troubleshooting (steps 109 to 115), in that order.


    OK

    REPLACE MASS AIR FLOW METER Click here

    NG

    REPLACE FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY (FOR PORT INJECTION) Click here

  65. CHECK FUEL PRESSURE (LOW PRESSURE SIDE)


    1. Inspect the fuel pressure Click here.


    NG

    PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS (CONTROL THE FUEL PUMP / SPEED) Click here

    OK

  66. CHECK SPARK PLUG


    1. Inspect the spark plugs Click here.

      Result
      Result Proceed to
      All cylinders are normal A
      One cylinder is abnormal*1 B
      All cylinders are abnormal*2, *3 C

      Tech Tips


      • *1: If one cylinder is abnormal, replace the spark plug of that cylinder and inspect the ignition and fuel system for that cylinder. After performing repairs, check if engine starting trouble occurs again. If engine starting trouble still occurs, proceed to step 72 and perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 95 to 102), fuel system troubleshooting B (steps 103 to 105), intake system troubleshooting (steps 106 to 108), and ignition system troubleshooting (steps 109 to 115), in that order.

      • *2: If all cylinders are abnormal, replace the spark plugs of all cylinders and check if engine starting trouble occurs again. If engine starting trouble still occurs, proceed to step 72 and perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 95 to 102), fuel system troubleshooting B (steps 103 to 105), intake system troubleshooting (steps 106 to 108), and ignition system troubleshooting (steps 109 to 115), in that order.

      • *3: Engine starting trouble may occur if the vehicle is driven extremely short distances repeatedly.


    B

    REPLACE SPARK PLUG (ABNORMAL CYLINDER) Click here

    C

    REPLACE SPARK PLUG (ALL) Click here

    A

  67. CONFIRM VEHICLE CONDITION


    1. Confirm the conditions present when the malfunction occurred based on the customer problem analysis.

      Result
      Problem Symptom Suspected Area Proceed to
      When the engine is stopped and a long time has passed, engine starting trouble occurs*1 Pressure regulator is stuck open A
      When the engine is stopped and approximately 15 to 120 minutes have passed, engine starting trouble occurs*2 Fuel injector leak B
      When the engine is stopped and approximately 2 to 3 minutes have passed, engine starting trouble occurs*3 Failure to maintain fuel pressure by pressure regulator A
      Condition other than above, or there is an inconsistency in the conditions present when engine starting trouble occurs - C*4

      Tech Tips

      *1: The pressure regulator may be stuck open. Attach a fuel pressure gauge and check the ability of the system to maintain fuel pressure after stopping the engine.

      *2: Fuel may be leaking from a fuel injector assembly.

      *3: The pressure regulator may not be able to maintain the fuel pressure. Attach a fuel pressure gauge and check the ability of the pressure regulator to maintain fuel pressure after stopping the engine.

      *4: From step 72, perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 95 to 102), fuel system troubleshooting B (steps 103 to 105), intake system troubleshooting (steps 106 to 108), and ignition system troubleshooting (steps 109 to 114), in that order.


    B

    CHECK PURGE VALVE Click here

    C

    CHECK MALFUNCTION CONDITION Click here

    A

  68. CHECK FUEL PRESSURE (LOW PRESSURE SIDE)

    Tech Tips

    For the fuel pressure inspection, refer to the following procedures Click here.


    1. Attach a fuel pressure gauge and check the fuel pressure after stopping the engine.

      Result
      Result Proceed to

      Below 147 kPa (1.5 kgf/cm2) (5 minutes after stopping the engine)

      		 A

      147 kPa (1.5 kgf/cm2) or higher (5 minutes after stopping the engine)

      		 B*1

      Tech Tips


      • If the engine cannot be started, check the fuel pressure after cranking the engine.

      • *1: From step 72, perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 95 to 102), fuel system troubleshooting B (steps 103 to 105), intake system troubleshooting (steps 106 to 108), and ignition system troubleshooting (steps 109 to 114), in that order.


    A

    REPLACE FUEL PRESSURE REGULATOR ASSEMBLY Click here

    B

    CHECK MALFUNCTION CONDITION Click here

  69. CHECK PURGE VALVE


    1. A004IR8

      Disconnect the purge hose (on the canister side) of the purge valve.

    2. Start the engine.

    3. Idle the engine.

    4. Disconnect the connector of the purge valve.

    5. Check if air flows through the purge valve.

      OK
      Air does not flow.

    6. Connect the connector of the purge valve.

    7. Connect the purge hose of the purge valve.

      Tech Tips

      When this inspection is performed, the MIL may illuminate. After finishing the inspection, check and clear DTCs Click here.


    NG

    REPLACE ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR Click here

    OK

  70. CHECK FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY (FOR PORT INJECTION)


    1. Clean the inside of the surge tank with compressed air.

    2. After stopping the engine, measure the HC concentration inside the surge tank for 15 minutes.

      Result
      Result Proceed to
      4000 ppm or more A
      Less than 4000 ppm B*1

      Tech Tips


      • If the concentration is 4000 ppm or more, a fuel injector assembly may have a sealing problem.

      • *1: From step 72, perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 95 to 102), fuel system troubleshooting B (steps 103 to 105), intake system troubleshooting (steps 106 to 108), and ignition system troubleshooting (steps 109 to 115), in that order.


    A

    REPLACE FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY (FOR PORT INJECTION) Click here

    B

    CHECK MALFUNCTION CONDITION Click here

  71. PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS (CONTROL THE FUEL PUMP / SPEED)


    1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Active Test / Control the Fuel Pump / Speed.

    4. When performing the Active Test, check for fuel leakage from the fuel pipes.

      Result
      Result Proceed to
      Fuel leakage or signs of fuel leakage are present A
      No fuel leakage or signs of fuel leakage B

      Tech Tips


      • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

      • Check if the vehicle ran out of fuel, as engine starting trouble due to running out of fuel is also detected.

      • If there are no fuel leaks, after inspecting the fuel pump control circuit, check if engine starting trouble occurs again. If engine starting trouble still occurs, proceed to step 72 and perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 95 to 102), fuel system troubleshooting B (steps 103 to 105), intake system troubleshooting (steps 106 to 108), and ignition system troubleshooting (steps 109 to 114), in that order.


    A

    REPAIR OR REPLACE FUEL LINE

    B

    CHECK FUEL PUMP CONTROL CIRCUIT (LOW PRESSURE SIDE) Click here

  72. CHECK MALFUNCTION CONDITION


    1. If the malfunction could not be identified during the inspections in steps 38, 39, 40 and 47, perform fuel system troubleshooting C (steps 73 to 76).

      Result
      Performed Step Troubleshooting by System Procedure Proceed to
      Steps 38, 39, 40 and 47 Fuel system troubleshooting C 73 to 76 A

    2. If the malfunction could not be identified during the inspection in step 45, perform ignition system troubleshooting (steps 77 to 83).

      Result
      Performed Step Troubleshooting by System Procedure Proceed to
      Step 45 Ignition system troubleshooting 77 to 83 B

    3. If the malfunction could not be identified during the inspections in steps 55, 56 and 57, perform intake air system troubleshooting (steps 84 to 86). If engine starting trouble still occurs, perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 87 to 94).

      Result
      Performed Step Troubleshooting by System Procedure Proceed to
      Step 55, 56, 57 Intake air system troubleshooting 84 to 86 C
      Fuel system troubleshooting A 87 to 94

    4. If the malfunction could not be identified during the inspections in steps 58, 59, 60, 63, 64, 66, 67, 68, 70 and 71, perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 95 to 102), fuel system troubleshooting B (steps 103 to 105), intake air system troubleshooting (steps 106 to 108), and ignition system troubleshooting (steps 109 to 115), in that order.

      Result
      Performed Step Troubleshooting by System Procedure Proceed to
      Steps 57, 58, 59, 60, 63, 64, 66, 67, 68, 70 and 71 Fuel system troubleshooting A 95 to 102 D
      Fuel system troubleshooting B 103 to 105
      Intake air system troubleshooting 106 to 108
      Ignition system troubleshooting 109 to 115

    B

    CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR Click here

    C

    READ VALUE USING GTS (ISC LEARNING VALUE) Click here

    D

    CHECK FUEL PRESSURE (LOW PRESSURE SIDE) Click here

    A

  73. INSPECT FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY (FOR PORT INJECTION)


    1. Inspect the fuel injector assemblies (for port injection) Click here.


    NG

    REPLACE FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY (FOR PORT INJECTION) Click here

    OK

  74. CHECK TERMINAL VOLTAGE (FUEL INJECTOR POWER SOURCE)


    1. A004H6EE04
      Text in Illustration
      *a

      Front view of wire harness connector

      (to Fuel Injector Assembly)
      *b No. 1 cylinder
      *c No. 2 cylinder
      *d No. 3 cylinder
      *e No. 4 cylinder

      Disconnect the fuel injector assembly connectors.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Measure the voltage according to the value(s) in the table below.

      Standard Voltage
      Cylinder Tester Connection Switch Condition Specified Condition
      No. 1 C8-1 - Body ground Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V
      No. 2 C30-1 - Body ground Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V
      No. 3 C9-1 - Body ground Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V
      No. 4 C31-1 - Body ground Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V

      Tech Tips


      • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

      • Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.


    NG

    REPAIR FUEL INJECTOR POWER SOURCE CIRCUIT

    OK

  75. CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR


    1. Replace the crankshaft position sensor Click here.

    2. Check the engine start operation.

      OK
      Malfunction has been repaired successfully.
      Result
      Result Proceed to
      Abnormal A
      Normal B

    B

    END (CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR IS DEFECTIVE)

    A

  76. CHECK VVT SENSOR


    1. Replace the VVT sensor Click here.

    2. Check the engine start operation.

      OK
      Malfunction has been repaired successfully.

    OK

    END (VVT SENSOR IS DEFECTIVE)

    NG

    REPLACE ECM Click here

  77. CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR


    1. Check the tightening and installation condition of the crankshaft position sensor bolt.

    2. Check the connection of the crankshaft position sensor connector.

      OK
      Sensor is installed correctly.

    NG

    SECURELY REINSTALL SENSOR Click here

    OK

  78. CHECK VVT SENSOR


    1. Check the tightening and installation condition of the VVT sensor bolt.

    2. Check the connection of the VVT sensor connector.

      OK
      Sensor is installed correctly.

    NG

    SECURELY REINSTALL SENSOR Click here

    OK

  79. CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR - ECM)


    1. Disconnect the crankshaft position sensor connector.

    2. Disconnect the ECM connector.

    3. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.

      Standard Resistance (Check for open)
      Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition
      A34-16 (NE+) - C33-1 (NE+) Always Below 1 Ω
      A34-27 (NE-) - C33-2 (NE-) Always Below 1 Ω
      Standard Resistance (Check for short)
      Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition
      A34-16 (NE+) or C33-1 (NE+) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher
      A34-27 (NE-) or C33-2 (NE-) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher

      Tech Tips


      • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

      • Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.


    NG

    REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR

    OK

  80. CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (VVT SENSOR (INTAKE SIDE) - ECM)


    1. A004KDZE03
      Text in Illustration
      *A Bank 1
      *B Bank 2
      *a

      Front view of wire harness connector

      (to VVT Sensor (Intake Side))

      Disconnect the VVT sensor connector.

    2. Measure the voltage according to the value(s) in the table below.

      Standard Voltage
      Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition
      C12-1 (+B) - Body ground Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V
      C26-1 (+B) - Body ground Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V

    3. Disconnect the ECM connector.

    4. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.

      Standard Resistance (Check for open)
      Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition
      A34-26 (VV1+) - C12-2 (VV1+) Always Below 1 Ω
      A34-34 (VVE) - C12-3 (VV1-) Always Below 1 Ω
      A34-15 (VV2+) - C26-2 (VV2+) Always Below 1 Ω
      A34-34 (VVE) - C26-3 (VV2-) Always Below 1 Ω
      Standard Resistance (Check for short)
      Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition
      A34-26 (VV1+) or C12-2 (VV1+) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher
      A34-34 (VVE) or C12-3 (VV1-) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher
      A34-15 (VV2+) or C26-2 (VV2+) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher
      A34-34 (VVE) or C26-3 (VV2-) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher

      Tech Tips


      • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

      • Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.


    NG

    REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR

    OK

  81. CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (VVT SENSOR (EXHAUST SIDE) - ECM)


    1. A004HV6E03
      Text in Illustration
      *A Bank 1
      *B Bank 2
      *a

      Front view of wire harness connector

      (to VVT Sensor (Exhaust Side))

      Disconnect the VVT sensor connector.

    2. Measure the voltage according to the value(s) in the table below.

      Standard Voltage
      Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition
      C6-1 (+B) - Body ground Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V
      C25-1 (+B) - Body ground Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V

    3. Disconnect the ECM connector.

    4. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.

      Standard Resistance (Check for open)
      Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition
      A34-14 (EV1+) - C6-2 (EV1+) Always Below 1 Ω
      A34-34 (VVE) - C6-3 (EV1-) Always Below 1 Ω
      A34-25 (EV2+) - C25-2 (EV2+) Always Below 1 Ω
      A34-34 (VVE) - C25-3 (EV2-) Always Below 1 Ω
      Standard Resistance (Check for short)
      Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition
      A34-14 (EV1+) or C6-2 (EV1+) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher
      A34-34 (VVE) or C6-3 (EV1-) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher
      A34-25 (EV2+) or C25-2 (EV2+) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher
      A34-34 (VVE) or C25-3 (EV2-) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher

      Tech Tips


      • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

      • Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.


    NG

    REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR

    OK

  82. CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR


    1. Replace the crankshaft position sensor Click here.

    2. Check the engine start operation.

      OK
      Malfunction has been repaired successfully.
      Result
      Result Proceed to
      Abnormal A
      Normal B

    B

    END (CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR IS DEFECTIVE)

    A

  83. CHECK VVT SENSOR


    1. Replace the VVT sensor Click here.

    2. Check the engine start operation.

      OK
      Malfunction has been repaired successfully.

    OK

    END (VVT SENSOR IS DEFECTIVE)

    NG

    REPLACE ECM Click here

  84. READ VALUE USING GTS (ISC LEARNING VALUE)


    1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Start the engine and warm it up until the engine coolant temperature stabilizes with the A/C switch and all the accessory switches off.

    4. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Data List / ISC Learning Value.

      Result
      Data List Item Result Suspected Area Proceed to
      ISC Learning Value (engine displacement (liters) x 0.9) or more

      • Valve timing

      • Compression

      		 A
      Less than (engine displacement (liters) x 0.9) - B

    B

    INSPECT ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR Click here

    A

  85. CHECK CYLINDER COMPRESSION PRESSURE


    1. Inspect the compression Click here.


    OK

    ADJUST VALVE TIMING Click here

    NG

    REPAIR OR REPLACE ENGINE ASSEMBLY

  86. INSPECT ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR


    1. Inspect the engine coolant temperature sensor Click here.


    NG

    REPLACE ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR Click here

    OK

  87. CHECK FUEL PRESSURE (LOW PRESSURE SIDE)

    Tech Tips

    For the fuel pressure inspection, refer to the following procedures Click here.


    1. Attach a fuel pressure gauge and check the fuel pressure when cranking the engine and after stopping the engine.

      Result
      Vehicle State Specified Condition
      Cranking engine

      304 to 343 kPa (3.1 to 3.5 kgf/cm2)
      5 minutes after stopping engine

      147 kPa (1.5 kgf/cm2) or higher

    NG

    PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS (CONTROL THE FUEL PUMP / SPEED) Click here

    OK

  88. READ VALUE USING GTS (LONG FT)


    1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Data List / Long FT.

      Result
      Data List Item Result Suspected Area Proceed to
      Long FT -15 to +15%

      • Wire harness or connector

      • Fuel

      		 A
      +15% or more, or less than -15% Fuel injector assembly B

    B

    REPLACE FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY (FOR PORT INJECTION) Click here

    A

  89. PERFORM SIMULATION TEST


    1. Check if the idling speed is stable after starting the engine and if an unstable idling speed has ever occurred in the past.

      Result
      Problem Symptom Suspected Area Proceed to
      Current unstable idling speed or history of unstable idling speed Crankshaft position sensor system A
      All current and past idling speeds are stable Fuel B

      Tech Tips

      Through the customer problem analysis, confirm the fuel being used and the location at which the fuel was added to check if the malfunction is caused by the fuel in the vehicle.


    B

    REPLACE FUEL

    A

  90. CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR


    1. Check the tightening and installation condition of the crankshaft position sensor bolt.

    2. Check the connection of the crankshaft position sensor connector.

      OK
      Sensor is installed correctly.

    NG

    SECURELY REINSTALL SENSOR Click here

    OK

  91. CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR - ECM)


    1. Disconnect the crankshaft position sensor connector.

    2. Disconnect the ECM connector.

    3. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.

      Standard Resistance (Check for open)
      Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition
      A34-16 (NE+) - C33-1 (NE+) Always Below 1 Ω
      A34-27 (NE-) - C33-2 (NE-) Always Below 1 Ω
      Standard Resistance (Check for short)
      Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition
      A34-16 (NE+) or C33-1 (NE+) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher
      A34-27 (NE-) or C33-2 (NE-) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher

      Tech Tips


      • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

      • Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.


    NG

    REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR

    OK

  92. CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR


    1. Replace the crankshaft position sensor Click here.

    2. Check the engine start operation.

      OK
      Malfunction has been repaired successfully.

    OK

    END (CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR IS DEFECTIVE)

    NG

    REPLACE ECM Click here

  93. PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS (CONTROL THE FUEL PUMP / SPEED)


    1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Active Test / Control the Fuel Pump / Speed.

    4. When performing the Active Test, check for fuel leakage from the fuel pipes.

      Result
      Result Proceed to
      No fuel leakage or signs of fuel leakage A
      Fuel leakage or signs of fuel leakage are present B

      Tech Tips


      • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

      • When performing the Active Test, if there is no operating noise from the fuel pump, the fuel pump system may be malfunctioning.

      • Check if the vehicle ran out of fuel, as engine starting trouble due to running out of fuel is also detected.


    B

    REPAIR OR REPLACE FUEL LINE

    A

  94. INSPECT FUEL PUMP ASSEMBLY


    1. Inspect the fuel pump assembly Click here.

      Tech Tips


      • Make sure there is no foreign matter such as iron particles on the fuel pump assembly and no signs that the fuel pump was stuck.

      • Make sure the internal connector is securely connected.

      • Make sure the fuel pump filter is not clogged.


    OK

    REPLACE FUEL PRESSURE REGULATOR ASSEMBLY Click here

    NG

    REPLACE FUEL PUMP ASSEMBLY Click here

  95. CHECK FUEL PRESSURE (LOW PRESSURE SIDE)

    Tech Tips

    For the fuel pressure inspection, refer to the following procedures Click here.


    1. Attach a fuel pressure gauge and check the fuel pressure after stopping the engine.

      Result
      Result Proceed to

      147 kPa (1.5 kgf/cm2) or higher (5 minutes after stopping the engine)

      		 A

      Below 147 kPa (1.5 kgf/cm2) (5 minutes after stopping the engine)

      		 B

    B

    PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS (CONTROL THE FUEL PUMP / SPEED) Click here

    A

  96. READ VALUE USING GTS (LONG FT)


    1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Data List / Long FT.

      Result
      Data List Item Result Suspected Area Proceed to
      Long FT -15 to +15%

      • Wire harness or connector

      • Fuel

      		 A
      +15% or more, or less than -15% Fuel injector assembly B

    B

    REPLACE FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY (FOR PORT INJECTION) Click here

    A

  97. PERFORM SIMULATION TEST


    1. Check if the idling speed is stable after starting the engine and if an unstable idling speed has ever occurred in the past.

      Result
      Problem Symptom Suspected Area Proceed to
      Current unstable idling speed or history of unstable idling speed Crankshaft position sensor system A
      All current and past idling speeds are stable Fuel B

      Tech Tips

      Through the customer problem analysis, confirm the fuel being used and the location at which the fuel was added to check if the malfunction is caused by the fuel in the vehicle.


    B

    REPLACE FUEL

    A

  98. CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR


    1. Check the tightening and installation condition of the crankshaft position sensor bolt.

    2. Check the connection of the crankshaft position sensor connector.

      OK
      Sensor is installed correctly.

    NG

    SECURELY REINSTALL SENSOR Click here

    OK

  99. CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR - ECM)


    1. Disconnect the crankshaft position sensor connector.

    2. Disconnect the ECM connector.

    3. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.

      Standard Resistance (Check for open)
      Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition
      A34-16 (NE+) - C33-1 (NE+) Always Below 1 Ω
      A34-27 (NE-) - C33-2 (NE-) Always Below 1 Ω
      Standard Resistance (Check for short)
      Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition
      A34-16 (NE+) or C33-1 (NE+) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher
      A34-27 (NE-) or C33-2 (NE-) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher

      Tech Tips


      • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

      • Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.


    NG

    REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR

    OK

  100. CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR


    1. Replace the crankshaft position sensor Click here.

    2. Check the engine start operation.

      OK
      Malfunction has been repaired successfully.

    OK

    END (CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR IS DEFECTIVE)

    NG

    REPLACE ECM Click here

  101. PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS (CONTROL THE FUEL PUMP / SPEED)


    1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Active Test / Control the Fuel Pump / Speed.

    4. When performing the Active Test, check for fuel leakage from the fuel pipes.

      Result
      Result Proceed to
      No fuel leakage or signs of fuel leakage A
      Fuel leakage or signs of fuel leakage are present B

      Tech Tips


      • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

      • When performing the Active Test, if there is no operating noise from the fuel pump, the fuel pump system may be malfunctioning.

      • Check if the vehicle ran out of fuel, as engine starting trouble due to running out of fuel is also detected.


    B

    REPAIR OR REPLACE FUEL LINE

    A

  102. INSPECT FUEL PUMP ASSEMBLY


    1. Inspect the fuel pump assembly Click here.

      Tech Tips


      • Make sure there is no foreign matter such as iron particles on the fuel pump assembly and no signs that the fuel pump was stuck.

      • Make sure the internal connector is securely connected.

      • Make sure the fuel pump filter is not clogged.


    NG

    REPLACE FUEL PUMP ASSEMBLY Click here

    OK

  103. CHECK PURGE VALVE


    1. A004IR8

      Disconnect the vacuum hose (on the canister side) of the purge valve.

    2. Start the engine.

    3. Idle the engine.

    4. Disconnect the connector of the purge valve.

    5. Check if air flows through the purge valve.

      OK
      Air does not flow

    6. Connect the connector of the purge valve.

    7. Connect the vacuum hose of the purge valve.

      Tech Tips

      When this inspection is performed, the MIL may illuminate. After finishing the inspection, check and clear DTCs Click here.


    NG

    INSPECT PURGE VALVE Click here

    OK

  104. CHECK FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY (FOR PORT INJECTION)


    1. Clean the inside of the surge tank with compressed air.

    2. After stopping the engine, measure the HC concentration inside the surge tank for 15 minutes.

      Result
      Result Proceed to
      Less than 4000 ppm A
      4000 ppm or more B

      Tech Tips

      If the concentration is 4000 ppm or more, a fuel injector assembly may have a sealing problem.


    B

    REPLACE FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY (FOR PORT INJECTION) Click here

    A

  105. CHECK INTAKE VALVE


    1. Check if carbon is on the intake valves.

      Result
      Result Proceed to
      No carbon present A
      Carbon present B

    B

    CLEAN INTAKE VALVE

    A

  106. READ VALUE USING GTS (ISC LEARNING VALUE)


    1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Start the engine, turn off all accessory switches and warm up the engine until the engine coolant temperature stabilizes.

    4. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Data List / ISC Learning Value.

      Result
      Data List Item Result Suspected Area Proceed to
      ISC Learning Value (engine displacement (liters) x 0.9) or more

      • Valve timing

      • Compression

      		 A
      Less than (engine displacement (liters) x 0.9) - B

    B

    INSPECT ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR Click here

    A

  107. CHECK CYLINDER COMPRESSION PRESSURE


    1. Inspect the compression Click here.


    OK

    ADJUST VALVE TIMING Click here

    NG

    REPAIR OR REPLACE ENGINE ASSEMBLY

  108. INSPECT ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR


    1. Inspect the engine coolant temperature sensor Click here.


    NG

    REPLACE ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR Click here

    OK

  109. CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR


    1. Check the tightening and installation condition of the crankshaft position sensor bolt.

    2. Check the connection of the crankshaft position sensor connector.

      OK
      Sensor is installed correctly.

    NG

    SECURELY REINSTALL SENSOR Click here

    OK

  110. CHECK VVT SENSOR


    1. Check the tightening and installation condition of the VVT sensor bolt.

    2. Check the connection of the VVT sensor connector.

      OK
      Sensor is installed correctly.

    NG

    SECURELY REINSTALL SENSOR Click here

    OK

  111. CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR - ECM)


    1. Disconnect the crankshaft position sensor connector.

    2. Disconnect the ECM connector.

    3. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.

      Standard Resistance (Check for open)
      Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition
      A34-16 (NE+) - C33-1 (NE+) Always Below 1 Ω
      A34-27 (NE-) - C33-2 (NE-) Always Below 1 Ω
      Standard Resistance (Check for short)
      Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition
      A34-16 (NE+) or C33-1 (NE+) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher
      A34-27 (NE-) or C33-2 (NE-) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher

      Tech Tips


      • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

      • Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.


    NG

    REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR

    OK

  112. CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (VVT SENSOR (INTAKE SIDE) - ECM)


    1. A004KDZE03
      Text in Illustration
      *A Bank 1
      *B Bank 2
      *a

      Front view of wire harness connector

      (to VVT Sensor (Intake Side))

      Disconnect the VVT sensor connector.

    2. Measure the voltage according to the value(s) in the table below.

      Standard Voltage
      Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition
      C12-1 (+B) - Body ground Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V
      C26-1 (+B) - Body ground Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V

    3. Disconnect the ECM connector.

    4. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.

      Standard Resistance (Check for open)
      Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition
      A34-26 (VV1+) - C12-2 (VV1+) Always Below 1 Ω
      A34-34 (VVE) - C12-3 (VV1-) Always Below 1 Ω
      A34-15 (VV2+) - C26-2 (VV2+) Always Below 1 Ω
      A34-34 (VVE) - C26-3 (VV2-) Always Below 1 Ω
      Standard Resistance (Check for short)
      Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition
      A34-26 (VV1+) or C12-2 (VV1+) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher
      A34-34 (VVE) or C12-3 (VV1-) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher
      A34-15 (VV2+) or C26-2 (VV2+) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher
      A34-34 (VVE) or C26-3 (VV2-) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher

      Tech Tips


      • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

      • Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.


    NG

    REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR

    OK

  113. CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (VVT SENSOR (EXHAUST SIDE) - ECM)


    1. A004HV6E03
      Text in Illustration
      *A Bank 1
      *B Bank 2
      *a

      Front view of wire harness connector

      (to VVT Sensor (Exhaust Side))

      Disconnect the VVT sensor connector.

    2. Measure the voltage according to the value(s) in the table below.

      Standard Voltage
      Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition
      C6-1 (+B) - Body ground Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V
      C25-1 (+B) - Body ground Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V

    3. Disconnect the ECM connector.

    4. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.

      Standard Resistance (Check for open)
      Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition
      A34-14 (EV1+) - C6-2 (EV1+) Always Below 1 Ω
      A34-34 (VVE) - C6-3 (EV1-) Always Below 1 Ω
      A34-25 (EV2+) - C25-2 (EV2+) Always Below 1 Ω
      A34-34 (VVE) - C25-3 (EV2-) Always Below 1 Ω
      Standard Resistance (Check for short)
      Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition
      A34-14 (EV1+) or C6-2 (EV1+) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher
      A34-34 (VVE) or C6-3 (EV1-) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher
      A34-25 (EV2+) or C25-2 (EV2+) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher
      A34-34 (VVE) or C25-3 (EV2-) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher

      Tech Tips


      • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

      • Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.


    NG

    REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR

    OK

  114. CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR


    1. Replace the crankshaft position sensor Click here.

    2. Check the engine start operation.

      OK
      Malfunction has been repaired successfully.
      Result
      Result Proceed to
      Abnormal A
      Normal B

    B

    END (CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR IS DEFECTIVE)

    A

  115. CHECK VVT SENSOR


    1. Replace the VVT sensor Click here.

    2. Check the engine start operation.

      OK
      Malfunction has been repaired successfully.

    OK

    END (VVT SENSOR IS DEFECTIVE)

    NG

    REPLACE ECM Click here