INSTALL DIFFERENTIAL CASE ASSEMBLY
Install the 2 front No. 1 differential thrust washers to the 2 front differential side gears.
Note
Make sure that there is no dirt or foreign matter on the front differential thrust washer, front differential side gear, etc. before installing them.
If replacing either the front differential side gear or front differential pinion, replace them as a set.
Apply hypoid gear oil API GL-5 to all sliding and rotating parts.
| *1 | Front Differential Pinion |
| *2 | Front Differential Pinion Thrust Washer |
| *3 | Front No. 1 Differential Pinion Shaft |
| *4 | Front Differential Side Gear |
| *5 | Front No. 1 Differential Side Gear Thrust Washer |
Install the 2 front differential side gears, 2 front differential pinions, 2 front differential pinion thrust washers and front No. 1 differential pinion shaft to the differential case.
Tech Tips
Align the holes of the differential case and front No. 1 differential pinion shaft.
ADJUST DIFFERENTIAL PINION AND SIDE GEAR
Hold the differential case in a vise between aluminum plates.
Note
Do not overtighten the vise.
Measure the side gear backlash while holding 1 pinion gear toward the differential case.
| Backlash |
|---|
| 0.05 to 0.20 mm (0.00197 to 0.00787 in.) |
If the backlash is not within the specified range, install 2 front No. 1 differential side gear thrust washers of different thicknesses.
Tech Tips
Refer to the following table to select the 2 front No. 1 differential side gear thrust washers.
| Mark | Thickness mm (in.) |
|---|---|
| 14 | 0.93 to 0.97 (0.0367 to 0.0381) |
| 02 | 0.98 to 1.02 (0.0386 to 0.0401) |
| 15 | 1.03 to 1.07 (0.0406 to 0.0421) |
| 03 | 1.08 to 1.12 (0.0426 to 0.0440) |
| 16 | 1.13 to 1.17 (0.0445 to 0.0460) |
| 04 | 1.18 to 1.22 (0.0465 to 0.0480) |
| *1 | Front Differential Pinion Shaft Straight Pin |
Using a 3 mm pin punch and a hammer, install the front differential pinion shaft straight pin through the front differential case and hole of the front No. 1 differential pinion shaft.
| *1 | Front Differential Pinion Shaft Straight Pin |
Using a chisel and a hammer, stake the outside of the front differential case pin hole.
INSTALL DIFFERENTIAL RING GEAR
Clean the contact surfaces of the differential case and differential ring gear.
Heat the differential ring gear to approximately 100°C (212°F) in boiling water.
CAUTION:
Use thick gloves to protect your hands as the differential ring gear is hot.
Carefully take the differential ring gear out of the boiling water.
Hold the front differential case in a vise between aluminum plates.
Note
Do not overtighten the vise.
After the moisture on the differential ring gear has completely evaporated, quickly install the differential ring gear to the front differential case.
| *1 | Lock Plate |
| *a | Matchmark |
Align the matchmarks on the differential ring gear and front differential case.
Temporarily install 4 new lock plates and the 8 bolts.
After the differential ring gear cools down, tighten the 8 bolts.
Using a chisel and a hammer, stake the 4 lock plates.
Stake one claw so that it is flush against the flat surface of the bolt.
Stake the other claw against the surface of the bolt head to act as a stopper if the bolt starts to loosen.
INSTALL FRONT DIFFERENTIAL CASE BEARING
Using SST and a press, install the front differential case bearing inner race LH to the front differential case.
| *a | for LH | *b | for RH |
| *c | 0 mm (0 in.) | - | - |
Note
Do not apply hypoid gear oil to a new bearing.
Do not deform the bearing cage.
Set SST to the center of the differential case.
If the bearing is replaced, replace it and the bearing outer race as a set.
Using SST and a press, install the front differential case bearing inner race RH to the front differential case.
Note
Do not apply hypoid gear oil to a new bearing.
Do not deform the bearing cage.
Set SST to the center of the differential case.
If the bearing is replaced, replace it and the bearing outer race as a set.
INSTALL FRONT DRIVE PINION REAR TAPERED ROLLER BEARING
| *1 | Outer Race |
| *a | Turn |
| *b | Hold |
Using SST, the bolt, nut (M12 X P1.25) and washer, install the outer race of the front drive pinion rear tapered roller bearing.
Note
Do not apply hypoid gear oil to a new bearing.
Tech Tips
Bolt: M12 X P1.25, bolt length: 186 mm (09101-12159)
Nut: M12 X P1.25 (09101-12159)
INSTALL FRONT DRIVE PINION FRONT TAPERED ROLLER BEARING
Install the front adjust shim to the differential carrier.
| *1 | Outer Race |
| *2 | Adjust Shim |
| *a | Turn |
| *b | Hold |
Using SST, the bolt, nut (M12 X P1.25) and washer, install the outer race of the front tapered roller bearing.
Note
Do not apply hypoid gear oil to a new bearing.
Tech Tips
Bolt: M12 X P1.25, bolt length: 186 mm (09101-12159)
Nut: M12 X P1.25 (90179-12051)
Using SST and a press, install the inner race of the front drive pinion front tapered roller bearing to the drive pinion.
Note
Do not apply hypoid gear oil to a new bearing.
INSTALL FRONT DIFFERENTIAL CASE BEARING
Install the case plate washer to the differential carrier.
| *1 | Outer Race |
| *2 | Case Plate Washer |
Using SST and a press, install the outer race of the front differential case bearing LH to the differential carrier.
Note
Do not apply hypoid gear oil to a new bearing.
INSTALL FRONT DIFFERENTIAL CASE BEARING
Install the case plate washer to the differential side bearing retainer.
| *1 | Outer Race |
| *2 | Case Plate Washer |
Using SST and a press, install the outer race of the front differential case bearing RH to the differential side bearing retainer.
Note
Do not apply hypoid gear oil to a new bearing.
INSTALL FRONT DIFFERENTIAL DUST DEFLECTOR
Using SST and a press, install a new front differential dust deflector.
Note
Slowly press in the dust deflector but not excessively.
If any burrs remain after pressing in the deflector, remove them.
ADJUST DIFFERENTIAL DRIVE PINION PRELOAD
Install the drive pinion, inner race of the front drive pinion rear tapered roller bearing and drive pinion oil slinger to the differential carrier.
Tech Tips
Assemble the drive pinion bearing spacer and oil seal after adjusting the gear contact pattern.
| *a | Turn |
| *b | Hold |
Using SST, install the companion flange.
Note
Install the companion flange so that there is a slight looseness in the drive pinion because the bearing spacer is not installed.
Apply grease to the threads and tip of SST center bolt before use.
Coat the threads of the drive pinion nut with hypoid gear oil LSD.
| *a | Turn |
| *b | Hold |
Using SST to hold the flange, tighten the drive pinion nut.
Tech Tips
Tighten the nut approximately 100 N*m (1020 kgf*cm, 74 ft.*lbf), and tighten it further while checking the preload.
Note
Apply hypoid gear oil LSD to the nut and the threads of the drive pinion.
As there is no bearing spacer, tighten the nut a little at a time and do not overtighten.
Turn the bearing clockwise and counterclockwise several times to stabilize it.
| *a | Turn |
Using a torque wrench, measure the preload.
| Drive pinion preload (at starting) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Note
Record the preload for total preload measurement.
Do not apply hypoid gear oil to a new bearing.
If the preload is not within the specified range, adjust the differential drive pinion preload or repair as necessary.
INSTALL FRONT DIFFERENTIAL CASE
Install the differential case to the differential carrier.
INSPECT AND ADJUST DIFFERENTIAL RING GEAR AND DIFFERENTIAL DRIVE PINION BACKLASH
Install the differential side bearing retainer with the 8 bolts.
Connect a lever probe to a dial indicator. Insert the probe into the drain plug hole and set it onto the edge of one of the teeth of the ring gear at a right angle.
Using SST, turn the differential case clockwise and counterclockwise and measure the ring gear backlash while holding the companion flange with your hand.
| Backlash | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.08 to 0.16 mm (0.00315 to 0.00629 in.) | ||||
|
Tech Tips
If a new case bearing is used, select a thinner one and install it.
If the case bearing is reused, select a case washer with the same thickness as the removed one.
| Thickness mm (in.) | Thickness mm (in.) | Thickness mm (in.) |
|---|---|---|
| 2.21 to 2.23 (0.0870 to 0.0877) | 2.55 to 2.57 (0.1004 to 0.1011) | 2.89 to 2.91 (0.1138 to 0.1145) |
| 2.23 to 2.25 (0.0878 to 0.0885) | 2.57 to 2.59 (0.1012 to 0.1019) | 2.91 to 2.93 (0.1146 to 0.1153) |
| 2.25 to 2.27 (0.0886 to 0.0893) | 2.59 to 2.61 (0.1020 to 0.1027) | 2.93 to 2.95 (0.1154 to 0.1161) |
| 2.27 to 2.29 (0.0894 to 0.0901) | 2.61 to 2.63 (0.1028 to 0.1035) | 2.95 to 2.97 (0.1162 to 0.1169) |
| 2.29 to 2.31 (0.0902 to 0.0909) | 2.63 to 2.65 (0.1036 to 0.1043) | 2.97 to 2.99 (0.1170 to 0.1177) |
| 2.31 to 2.33 (0.0910 to 0.0917) | 2.65 to 2.67 (0.1044 to 0.1051) | 2.99 to 3.01 (0.1178 to 0.1185) |
| 2.33 to 2.35 (0.0918 to 0.0925) | 2.67 to 2.69 (0.1052 to 0.1059) | 3.01 to 3.03 (0.1186 to 0.1192) |
| 2.35 to 2.37 (0.0926 to 0.0933) | 2.69 to 2.71 (0.1060 to 0.1066) | 3.03 to 3.05 (0.1193 to 0.1200) |
| 2.37 to 2.39 (0.0934 to 0.0940) | 2.71 to 2.73 (0.1067 to 0.1074) | 3.05 to 3.07 (0.1201 to 0.1208) |
| 2.39 to 2.41 (0.0941 to 0.0948) | 2.73 to 2.75 (0.1075 to 0.1082) | 3.07 to 3.09 (0.1209 to 0.1216) |
| 2.41 to 2.43 (0.0949 to 0.0956) | 2.75 to 2.77 (0.1083 to 0.1090) | 3.09 to 3.11 (0.1217 to 0.1224) |
| 2.43 to 2.45 (0.0957 to 0.0964) | 2.77 to 2.79 (0.1091 to 0.1098) | 3.11 to 3.13 (0.1225 to 0.1232) |
| 2.45 to 2.47 (0.0965 to 0.0972) | 2.79 to 2.81 (0.1099 to 0.1106) | 3.13 to 3.15 (0.1233 to 0.1240) |
| 2.47 to 2.49 (0.0973 to 0.0980) | 2.81 to 2.83 (0.1107 to 0.1114) | 3.15 to 3.17 (0.1241 to 0.1248) |
| 2.49 to 2.51 (0.0981 to 0.0988) | 2.83 to 2.85 (0.1115 to 0.1122) | 3.17 to 3.19 (0.1249 to 0.1255) |
| 2.51 to 2.53 (0.0989 to 0.0996) | 2.85 to 2.87 (0.1123 to 0.1129) | 3.19 to 3.21 (0.1256 to 0.1263) |
| 2.53 to 2.55 (0.0997 to 0.1003) | 2.87 to 2.89 (0.1130 to 0.1137) | 3.21 to 3.23 (0.1264 to 0.1271) |
If backlash is not within the specified range, change the thickness of the right and left case washers by equal amounts to adjust it.
INSPECT TOTAL PRELOAD
| *a | Turn |
Using a torque wrench, measure the total preload.
| Total preload (at starting) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Note
If the total preload is not within the specified range, replace the case washer on the ring gear teeth side with another one to adjust it.
Do not apply hypoid gear oil to a new bearing.
INSPECT TOOTH CONTACT BETWEEN RING GEAR AND DRIVE PINION
Remove the 8 bolts and side bearing retainer.
Remove the differential case from the differential carrier.
Coat 3 or 4 teeth at 3 different positions on the ring gear with Prussian blue.
Install the differential case to the differential carrier.
Install the differential side bearing retainer with the 8 bolts.
Rotate the ring gear in both directions.
Remove the 8 bolts and side bearing retainer.
Remove the differential case from the differential carrier.
Inspect the tooth contact pattern.
| *a | Proper Contact | *b | Heel Contact |
| *c | Face Contact | *d | Select an adjusting washer that will shift the drive pinion closer to the ring gear (*b, *c) |
| *e | Toe Contact | *f | Flank Contact |
| *g | Select an adjusting washer that will shift the drive pinion closer to the ring gear (*e, *f) | - | - |
| *1 | Front Adjust Shim |
If the teeth are not contacting properly, use the following table to select a proper plate washer for correction.
Note
If the contact pattern is either face contact or flank contact, the tooth contact may be adjustable while keeping the backlash within the specified range.
If the thickness of the front adjust shim has been changed, adjust the backlash and measure the total preload.
| Thickness mm (in.) | Thickness mm (in.) |
|---|---|
| 2.35 to 2.37 (0.0925 to 0.0933) | 2.53 to 2.55 (0.0997 to 0.1003) |
| 2.37 to 2.39 (0.0934 to 0.0940) | 2.55 to 2.57 (0.1004 to 0.1011) |
| 2.39 to 2.41 (0.0941 to 0.0948) | 2.57 to 2.59 (0.1012 to 0.1019) |
| 2.41 to 2.43 (0.0949 to 0.0956) | 2.59 to 2.61 (0.1020 to 0.1027) |
| 2.43 to 2.45 (0.0937 to 0.0964) | 2.61 to 2.63 (0.1028 to 0.1035) |
| 2.45 to 2.47 (0.0965 to 0.0972) | 2.63 to 2.65 (0.1036 to 0.1043) |
| 2.47 to 2.49 (0.0973 to 0.0980) | 2.65 to 2.67 (0.1044 to 0.1051) |
| 2.49 to 2.51 (0.0981 to 0.0988) | 2.67 to 2.69 (0.1052 to 0.1059) |
| 2.51 to 2.53 (0.0989 to 0.0996) | 2.69 to 2.71 (0.1060 to 0.1066) |
REMOVE FRONT DRIVE PINION COMPANION FLANGE FRONT NUT
Using SST and a hammer, unstake the staked part of the front drive pinion companion flange front nut.
Note
Be sure to use SST with the tapered surface facing the shaft.
Do not grind the tip of SST with a grinder, etc.
Completely loosen the staked part of the nut when removing it.
Do not damage the threads of the drive pinion.
| *a | Turn |
| *b | Hold |
Using SST to hold the flange, remove the front drive pinion companion flange front nut.
Note
Apply grease to the threads and tip of SST center bolt before use.
REMOVE FRONT DRIVE PINION COMPANION FLANGE SUB-ASSEMBLY FRONT
| *a | Turn |
| *b | Hold |
Using SST, remove the front drive pinion companion flange sub-assembly front.
Note
Apply grease to the threads and tip of SST center bolt before use.
REMOVE FRONT DIFFERENTIAL DRIVE PINION OIL SLINGER
Remove the front differential drive pinion oil slinger.
REMOVE FRONT DRIVE PINION REAR TAPERED ROLLER BEARING
| *1 | Inner Race |
| *a | Turn |
| *b | Hold |
Using SST, remove the inner race of the front drive pinion rear tapered roller bearing from the drive pinion.
Note
Apply grease to the threads and tip of SST center bolt before use.
INSTALL FRONT DIFFERENTIAL DRIVE PINION BEARING SPACER
Install a new drive pinion bearing spacer to the drive pinion.
Note
Be sure to face the larger inner diameter side rearward as shown in the illustration.
INSTALL FRONT DRIVE PINION REAR TAPERED ROLLER BEARING
| *a | Turn |
| *b | Hold |
Using the companion flange, install the inner race of the front drive pinion rear tapered roller bearing to the drive pinion.
Note
Apply grease to the threads and tip of SST center bolt before use.
| *a | Turn |
| *b | Hold |
Using SST, remove the companion flange.
Note
Apply grease to the threads and tip of SST center bolt before use.
INSTALL FRONT DIFFERENTIAL DRIVE PINION OIL SLINGER
Install the front differential drive pinion oil slinger.
INSTALL FRONT DIFFERENTIAL CARRIER OIL SEAL
| *1 | Protective Tape |
| *2 | Front Differential Carrier Oil Seal |
Join the 2 SST and secure them with vinyl tape.
Using SST and a hammer, install a new oil seal.
| Oil seal drive in depth |
|---|
| 0.5 to 1.5 mm (0.0197 to 0.0590 in.) |
INSTALL FRONT DIFFERENTIAL SIDE BEARING RETAINER DEFLECTOR
Install the differential side bearing retainer deflector with the bolt.
INSTALL FRONT DRIVE PINION COMPANION FLANGE FRONT
| *a | Turn |
| *b | Hold |
Using SST, install the companion flange to the drive pinion.
Note
Apply grease to the threads and tip of SST center bolt before use.
Coat the threads of a new drive pinion nut with hypoid gear oil LSD.
| *a | Turn |
| *b | Hold |
Using SST to hold the flange, tighten the drive pinion nut.
Tech Tips
Tighten the nut approximately 100 N*m (1020 kgf*cm, 74 ft.*lbf), and tighten it further while checking the preload.
ADJUST DIFFERENTIAL DRIVE PINION PRELOAD
| *a | Turn |
Using a torque wrench, measure the preload of the drive pinion.
| Preload (at starting) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
If the preload is less than the specified minimum value, check the preload while retightening the drive pinion nut by 5 to 10° to adjust it into the specified range.
If the preload is less than the specified minimum value even when the tightening torque of the drive pinion nut is greater than the specified maximum value, loosen the nut and check that the threads of the drive pinion nut and drive pinion are not stripped.
If the threads are not stripped, replace the bearing spacer. Apply hypoid gear oil LSD to the threads of the drive pinion and repeat the procedure.
INSTALL DIFFERENTIAL CASE ASSEMBLY
Install the differential case to the differential carrier.
INSTALL FRONT DIFFERENTIAL SIDE BEARING RETAINER
| *a | Seal packing |
Check that there are no foreign objects or damage to the installation surface of the side bearing retainer.
Apply FIPG to the side bearing retainer.
| FIPG |
|---|
| Toyota Genuine Seal Packing 1281, Three Bond 1281 or equivalent |
Tech Tips
Apply FIPG in drops, approximately 1 to 3 mm (0.08 to 0.12 in.) in diameter on the entire surface.
Overlap FIPG at least 10 mm (0.39 in.) or more at the beginning and the end of application.
Install the carrier cover within 3 minutes after applying FIPG.
Do not add oil or drive the vehicle immediately after installing the cover. Leave it for at least an hour. Also, for at least 12 hours, avoid rapid acceleration/deceleration.
Install the differential side bearing retainer with the 8 bolts.
INSTALL FRONT DIFFERENTIAL BREATHER PLUG
Install the differential breather plug to the differential carrier.
INSPECT TOTAL PRELOAD
| *a | Turn |
Using a torque wrench, measure the total preload.
| Total preload (at starting) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
If the total preload is not within the specified range, adjust the total preload or repair as necessary.
INSPECT DIFFERENTIAL RING GEAR AND DIFFERENTIAL DRIVE PINION BACKLASH
Connect a lever probe to a dial indicator. Insert the probe into the drain plug hole and set it onto the edge of one of the teeth of the ring gear at a right angle.
| *a | Turn |
| *b | Hold |
Using SST, turn the differential case clockwise and counterclockwise and measure the ring gear backlash while holding the companion flange with your hand.
| Backlash |
|---|
| 0.08 to 0.16 mm (0.00315 to 0.00629 in.) |
If the backlash is not within the specified range, adjust the ring gear backlash or repair as necessary.
INSPECT RUNOUT OF FRONT DRIVE PINION COMPANION FLANGE FRONT
| *a | 37 mm (1.46 in.) |
Using a dial indicator, measure the runout of the companion flange vertically and horizontally.
| Maximum Runout | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
If the runout is more than the maximum, replace the companion flange.
INSTALL FRONT DRIVE PINION COMPANION FLANGE FRONT NUT
Using SST and a hammer, stake the drive pinion nut.
INSTALL FRONT DIFFERENTIAL CASE OIL SEAL
INSTALL FRONT DIFFERENTIAL DRAIN PLUG
Install the differential drain plug and a new gasket.
REMOVE FRONT DIFFERENTIAL CARRIER ASSEMBLY
Remove the differential carrier from the overhaul stand, etc.