CYLINDER BLOCK INSPECTION

  1. INSPECT CYLINDER BLOCK FOR WARPAGE

    1. Using a precision straightedge and feeler gauge, measure the warpage of the surface that contacts with the cylinder head gasket.

      A011V4X
      Maximum warpage
      0.05 mm (0.00197 in.)

      If the warpage is more than the maximum, replace the cylinder block.

  2. INSPECT CYLINDER BORE

    1. Using a cylinder gauge, measure the cylinder bore diameter at positions A and B in the thrust and axial directions.

      A011S8TE05
      Text in Illustration
      *a Axial Direction
      *b Thrust Direction
      A011T1X Front
      Standard diameter
      90.000 to 90.013 mm (3.543 to 3.544 in.)
      Maximum diameter
      90.13 mm (3.548 in.)

      If the average diameter of the 4 positions is more than the maximum, replace the cylinder block.

  3. INSPECT PISTON

    1. Using a gasket scraper, remove the carbon from the piston top.

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    2. Using a groove cleaning tool or a broken ring, clean the piston ring grooves.

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    3. Using a brush and solvent, thoroughly clean the piston.

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      Note

      Do not use a wire brush.

    4. Using a micrometer, measure the piston diameter at a position that is 10.5 mm (0.413 in.) from the bottom of the piston (refer to the illustration).

      A011TPSE01
      Standard piston diameter
      89.985 to 89.995mm (3.5427 to 3.5413 in.)

      If the diameter is less than the minimum, replace the piston with pin.

  4. INSPECT PISTON OIL CLEARANCE

    1. Measure the cylinder bore diameter in the thrust direction.

    2. Subtract the piston diameter measurement from the cylinder bore diameter measurement.

      Standard oil clearance
      0.010 to 0.033 mm (0.000394 to 0.00130 in.)
      Maximum oil clearance
      0.10 mm (0.00394 in.)

      If the oil clearance is more than the maximum, replace all the pistons. If necessary, replace the cylinder block.

  5. INSPECT RING GROOVE CLEARANCE

    1. Using a feeler gauge, measure the clearance between the new piston ring and the wall of the ring groove.

      A011RAU
      Standard Ring Groove Clearance
      Item Specified Condition
      No. 1 ring 0.020 to 0.070 mm (0.000787 to 0.00276 in.)
      No. 2 ring 0.020 to 0.060 mm (0.000787 to 0.00236 in.)
      Oil ring 0.020 to 0.070 mm (0.000787 to 0.00276 in.)

      If the groove clearance is not as specified, replace the piston with pin.

  6. INSPECT PISTON RING END GAP

    1. Insert the piston ring into the cylinder bore.

      A011S6IE03
      Text in Illustration
      *1 Piston Ring

    2. Using a piston, push the piston ring a little beyond the bottom of the ring travel, 120 mm (4.72 in.) from the top of the cylinder block.

    3. Using a feeler gauge, measure the end gap.

      A011S7T
      Standard End Gap
      Item Specified Condition
      No. 1 ring 0.22 to 0.27 mm (0.00866 to 0.0106 in.)
      No. 2 ring 0.37 to 0.42 mm (0.0146 to 0.0165 in.)
      Oil ring 0.10 to 0.20 mm (0.00394 to 0.00787 in.)
      Maximum End Gap
      Item Specified Condition
      No. 1 ring 0.87 mm (0.0342 in.)
      No. 2 ring 1.02 mm (0.0402 in.)
      Oil ring 0.80 mm (0.0315 in.)

      If the end gap is more than the maximum, replace the piston ring. If the end gap is more than the maximum, even with a new piston ring, replace the cylinder block.

  7. INSPECT PISTON PIN OIL CLEARANCE

    1. Check each mark on the piston, piston pin and connecting rod.

      A011UN1E03
      Text in Illustration
      *1 Front Mark *2 Piston Pin Hole Inside Diameter Mark
      *3 Connecting Rod Small End Bush Inside Diameter Mark - -

      Tech Tips

      The front mark is "2L" printed in raised letters.

    2. Using a caliper gauge, measure the inside diameter of the piston pin hole.

      A011T3U
      Standard Piston Pin Hole Inside Diameter
      Item Specified Condition
      Mark A 22.001 to 22.004 mm (0.86618 to 0.86630 in.)
      Mark B 22.005 to 22.007 mm (0.86634 to 0.86642 in.)
      Mark C 22.008 to 22.010 mm (0.86645 to 0.86653 in.)

    3. Using a micrometer, measure the piston pin diameter.

      A011T6CE06
      Standard Piston Pin Diameter
      Item Specified Condition
      Mark A 21.997 to 22.000 mm (0.86602 to 0.86614 in.)
      Mark B 22.001 to 22.003 mm (0.86617 to 0.86626 in.)
      Mark C 22.004 to 22.006 mm (0.86630 to 0.86638 in.)

      If the diameter is not as specified, replace the piston pin.

    4. Using a caliper gauge, measure the connecting rod small end bush inside diameter.

      A011TAT
      Standard Connecting Rod Small End Bush Inside Diameter
      Item Specified Condition
      Mark A 22.005 to 22.008 mm (0.86634 to 0.86645 in.)
      Mark B 22.009 to 22.011 mm (0.86649 to 0.86657 in.)
      Mark C 22.012 to 22.014 mm (0.86661 to 0.86669 in.)

      If the diameter is not as specified, replace the connecting rod.

    5. Subtract the piston pin diameter measurement from the piston pin hole inside diameter measurement.

      Standard oil clearance
      0.001 to 0.007 mm (0.0000394 to 0.000276 in.)
      Maximum oil clearance
      0.013 mm (0.000512 in.)

      If the oil clearance is more than the maximum, replace the piston and piston pin as a set.

    6. Subtract the piston pin diameter measurement from the connecting rod small end bush inside diameter measurement.

      Standard oil clearance
      0.005 to 0.011 mm (0.000197 to 0.000433 in.)
      Maximum oil clearance
      0.017 mm (0.000669 in.)

      If the oil clearance is more than the maximum, replace the connecting rod. If necessary, replace the connecting rod and piston pin as a set.

  8. INSPECT CONNECTING ROD SUB-ASSEMBLY

    1. Using a connecting rod aligner and feeler gauge, check the connecting rod alignment.

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      1. Check for bend.

        Maximum bend
        0.05 mm (0.00197 in.) per 100 mm (3.94 in.)

        If the bend is more than the maximum, replace the connecting rod.

      2. Check for twist.

        A011UW8
        Maximum twist
        0.15 mm (0.00591 in.) per 100 mm (3.94 in.)

        If the twist is more than the maximum, replace the connecting rod.

  9. INSPECT CRANKSHAFT

    1. Inspect for circle runout.

      A011U6N

      1. Using a dial indicator and V-blocks, measure the circle runout as shown in the illustration.

        Maximum circle runout
        0.003 mm (0.000118 in.)

        If the circle runout is more than the maximum, replace the crankshaft.

    2. Inspect the main journals.

      A011SIC

      1. Using a micrometer, measure the diameter of each main journal.

        Standard main journal diameter
        54.988 to 55.000 mm (2.1649 to 2.1654 in.)

        If the diameter is not as specified, check the crankshaft oil clearance. If necessary, replace the crankshaft.

      2. Check each main journal for taper and out-of-round as shown in the illustration.

        Maximum taper and out-of-round
        0.003 mm (0.000118 in.)

        If the taper and out-of-round are more than the maximum, replace the crankshaft.

    3. Inspect the crank pin.

      A011TJZ

      1. Using a micrometer, measure the diameter of each crank pin.

        Standard crank pin diameter
        51.492 to 51.500 mm (2.027 to 2.028 in.)

        If the diameter is not as specified, check the connecting rod oil clearance. If necessary, replace the crankshaft.

      2. Inspect each crank pin for taper and out-of-round as shown in the illustration.

        Maximum taper and out-of-round
        0.003 mm (0.000118 in.)

        If the taper and out-of-round are more than the maximum, replace the crankshaft.

  10. INSPECT CRANKSHAFT OIL CLEARANCE

    1. Install the crankshaft bearings Click here.

    2. Install the crankshaft thrust washers Click here.

    3. Clean each main journal and bearing.

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    4. Place the crankshaft onto the cylinder block.

    5. Lay a strip of Plastigage across each journal.

    6. Install the crankshaft bearing caps Click here.

      Note

      Do not turn the crankshaft.

    7. Remove the crankshaft bearing caps Click here.

    8. Measure the Plastigage at its widest point.

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      Standard oil clearance
      0.016 to 0.039 mm (0.000630 to 0.00154 in.)
      Maximum oil clearance
      0.05 mm (0.00197 in.)

      Note

      Remove the Plastigage completely after the measurement.

      If the oil clearance is more than the maximum, replace the crankshaft bearing. If necessary, replace the crankshaft.

      Tech Tips

      If replacing a bearing, select a new one with the same number. If the number of the bearing cannot be determined, calculate the correct bearing number by adding together the numbers imprinted on the cylinder block and crankshaft. Then select a new bearing with the calculated number. There are 4 sizes of standard bearings, marked "1", "2", "3" and "4" accordingly.

      A011UJFE01
      Text in Illustration
      *a Cylinder Block Number Mark (A) *b Crankshaft Number Mark (B)
      *c Diameter Mark - -

      • EXAMPLE

        Cylinder block (A) "3" + Crankshaft (B) "4" = Total "7"

        Select the bearing marked "3".

        Bearing Chart
        (A) + (B) Use Bearing
        0 to 2 1
        3 to 5 2
        6 to 8 3
        9 to 11 4
        Standard Cylinder Block Journal Inside Diameter (A)
        Item Specified Condition
        Mark 0 59.000 to 59.002 mm (2.32283 to 2.32291 in.)
        Mark 1 59.003 to 59.004 mm (2.32295 to 2.32299 in.)
        Mark 2 59.005 to 59.006 mm (2.32303 to 2.32307 in.)
        Mark 3 59.007 to 59.009 mm (2.32311 to 2.32318 in.)
        Mark 4 59.010 to 59.011 mm (2.32322 to 2.32326 in.)
        Mark 5 59.012 to 59.013 mm (2.32330 to 2.32334 in.)
        Mark 6 59.014 to 59.016 mm (2.32338 to 2.32346 in.)
        Standard Crankshaft Main Journal Diameter (B)
        Item Specified Condition
        Mark 0 54.999 to 55.000 mm (2.16531 to 2.16535 in.)
        Mark 1 54.997 to 54.998 mm (2.16523 to 2.16527 in.)
        Mark 2 54.995 to 54.996 mm (2.16515 to 2.16519 in.)
        Mark 3 54.993 to 54.994 mm (2.16507 to 2.16511 in.)
        Mark 4 54.991 to 54.992 mm (2.16500 to 2.16504 in.)
        Mark 5 54.988 to 54.990 mm (2.16488 to 2.16496 in.)
        Standard Bearing Center Wall Thickness
        Item Specified Condition
        Mark 1 1.991 to 1.994 mm (0.07839 to 0.07850 in.)
        Mark 2 1.995 to 1.997 mm (0.07854 to 0.07862 in.)
        Mark 3 1.998 to 2.000 mm (0.07866 to 0.07874 in.)
        Mark 4 2.001 to 2.003 mm (0.07878 to 0.07886 in.)

    9. Perform the inspection above for each journal.

  11. INSPECT CRANKSHAFT BEARING CAP BOLT

    1. Using a vernier caliper, measure the diameter of the threads at the measurement point shown in the illustration.

      A011T9AE11
      Text in Illustration
      *a Measurement Point
      Standard diameter
      9.77 to 9.96 mm (0.385 to 0.392 in.)
      Minimum diameter
      9.1 mm (0.358 in.)

      Tech Tips

      • If the diameter is less than the minimum, replace the crankshaft bearing cap bolt. Failure to do so may lead to engine damage.

      • If there is any thread deformation, replace the crankshaft bearing cap bolt with a new one.

  12. INSPECT CONNECTING ROD BOLT

    1. Using a vernier caliper, measure the diameter of the bolt in the area shown in the illustration.

      A011S8RE09
      Text in Illustration
      *a Measurement Area
      Standard diameter
      8.5 to 8.6 mm (0.335 to 0.339 in.)
      Minimum diameter
      8.3 mm (0.327 in.)

      Tech Tips

      • Diameter measurements should be done at several points.

      • If the diameter is less than the minimum, replace the connecting rod bolt with a new one. Failure to do so may lead to engine damage.

      • If there is any thread deformation, replace the connecting rod bolt with a new one.

  13. INSPECT NO. 1 OIL NOZZLE SUB-ASSEMBLY

    1. Push the check valve with a pin to check if it is stuck.

      A011U1R

      If stuck, replace the No. 1 oil nozzle.

    2. Push the check valve with a pin to check if it moves smoothly.

      If it does not move smoothly, clean or replace the No. 1 oil nozzle.

    3. Apply air into A. Check that air does not leak through B.

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      If air leaks, clean or replace the No. 1 oil nozzle.

    4. Push the check valve while applying air into A. Check that air passes through B.

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      If air does not pass through B, clean or replace the No. 1 oil nozzle.

  14. INSPECT NO. 2 OIL NOZZLE SUB-ASSEMBLY

    1. Push the check valve with a pin to check if it is stuck.

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      If stuck, replace the No. 2 oil nozzle.

    2. Push the check valve with a pin to check if it moves smoothly.

      If it does not move smoothly, clean or replace the No. 2 oil nozzle.

    3. While covering A, apply air into B. Check that air does not leak through C. Perform the check again while covering B and applying air into A.

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      If air leaks, clean or replace the No. 2 oil nozzle.

    4. Push the check valve while covering A, and apply air into B. Check that air passes through C. Perform the check again while covering B, pushing the check valve and applying air into A.

      A011T6NE01

      If air does not pass through C, clean or replace the No. 2 oil nozzle.