CYLINDER BLOCK INSPECTION

Info Added 2017-10-06

PROCEDURE


  1. INSPECT CYLINDER BLOCK FOR WARPAGE


    1. A001WBD

      Using a straightedge and feeler gauge, check the surface which contacts the cylinder head gasket for warpage.

      Maximum Warpage
      0.05 mm (0.00197 in.)

      If the warpage is more than the maximum, replace the cylinder block sub-assembly.

  2. INSPECT CYLINDER BORE


    1. A001Y4TC05
      *a Thrust Direction
      *b Axial Direction
      B00495X Front of Engine

      Using a cylinder gauge, measure the cylinder bore diameter at positions A and B in both the thrust and axial directions.

      Reference Diameter (New Parts)
      80.500 to 80.513 mm (3.169 to 3.170 in.)
      Maximum Diameter
      80.633 mm (3.175 in.)
      Measurement Position
      Measurement Position Cylinder Bore Position
      A 10 mm (0.394 in.) from top edge
      B 50 mm (1.97 in.) from top edge

      Tech Tips

      If the average diameter of the 4 positions is more than the maximum, replace the cylinder block sub-assembly.

  3. INSPECT PISTON


    1. A001VLM

      Using a gasket scraper, scrape off any carbon on the piston top.

    2. A001TWA

      Using a groove cleaning tool or broken piston ring, clean the piston ring grooves.

    3. A001TMI

      Using a brush and solvent, thoroughly clean the piston.

      Note

      Do not use a wire brush.

    4. A001TCNC03
      *a 10 mm (0.394 in.)

      Using a micrometer, measure the piston diameter at a position 10 mm (0.394 in.) from the bottom of the piston (refer to the illustration).

      Reference Piston Diameter (New Parts)
      80.471 to 80.491 mm (3.169 to 3.168 in.)

      Tech Tips

      If the diameter is not as specified, replace the piston and piston pin.

  4. INSPECT PISTON OIL CLEARANCE


    1. Subtract the piston diameter measurement from the cylinder bore diameter measurement.

      Reference Oil Clearance (New Parts)
      0.009 to 0.042 mm (0.000355 to 0.001653 in.)
      Maximum Oil Clearance
      0.08 mm (0.00315 in.)

      Tech Tips

      If the piston oil clearance is more than the maximum, replace all the pistons with piston pins. If necessary, replace the cylinder block sub-assembly.

  5. INSPECT RING GROOVE CLEARANCE


    1. A001URB

      Using a feeler gauge, measure the clearance between a new piston ring and the wall of the ring groove.

      Standard Ring Groove Clearance
      Item Specified Condition
      No. 1 Compression Ring 0.02 to 0.07 mm (0.000787 to 0.00276 in.)
      No. 2 Compression Ring 0.02 to 0.06 mm (0.000787 to 0.00236 in.)
      Oil Ring 0.07 to 0.12 mm (0.00276 to 0.00472 in.)

      Tech Tips

      If the groove clearance is not as specified, replace the piston and piston pin.

  6. INSPECT PISTON RING END GAP


    1. A001SXRC01
      *a 50 mm (1.97 in.)

      Using a piston, push the piston ring a little beyond the bottom of the ring travel, 50 mm (1.97 in.) from the top of the cylinder block sub-assembly.

    2. A001TJP

      Using a feeler gauge, measure the end gap.

      Standard End Gap
      Item Specified Condition
      No. 1 Compression Ring 0.20 to 0.25 mm (0.00787 to 0.00984 in.)
      No. 2 Compression Ring 0.30 to 0.50 mm (0.0118 to 0.0197 in.)
      Oil Ring 0.10 to 0.35 mm (0.00394 to 0.0138 in.)
      Maximum End Gap
      Item Specified Condition
      No. 1 Compression Ring 0.50 mm (0.0197 in.)
      No. 2 Compression Ring 0.70 mm (0.0276 in.)
      Oil Ring 0.70 mm (0.0276 in.)

      Tech Tips

      If the end gap is more than the maximum, replace the piston ring. If the end gap is more than the maximum even with a new piston ring, replace the cylinder block sub-assembly.

  7. INSPECT PISTON PIN OIL CLEARANCE

    Tech Tips

    When replacing the piston sub-assembly (w/ pin) with a supply part, there are a number of piston diameter sizes to choose from, but there is only one size of piston pin diameter.


    1. A001SQR

      Using a caliper gauge, measure the piston pin bore diameter.

      Standard Piston Pin Bore Diameter
      Item Specified Condition
      Mark A 20.006 to 20.009 mm (0.78764 to 0.78775 in.)
      Mark B 20.010 to 20.012 mm (0.78779 to 0.78787 in.)
      Mark C 20.013 to 20.015 mm (0.78791 to 0.78799 in.)

      Tech Tips

      If the diameter is not as specified, replace the piston and piston pin.

    2. A001T11N12

      Using a micrometer, measure the piston pin diameter.

      Standard Piston Pin Diameter
      20.004 to 20.013 mm (0.78756 to 0.78791 in.)
      Item Specified Condition
      Mark A 20.004 to 20.007 mm (0.78756 to 0.78768 in.)
      Mark B 20.008 to 20.010 mm (0.78771 to 0.78779 in.)
      Mark C 20.011 to 20.013 mm (0.78783 to 0.78791 in.)

      Tech Tips

      If the diameter is not as specified, replace the piston and piston pin.

      Measurement Position
      Measurement Position Piston Pin Position
      a 25 mm (0.984 in.) from side edge
      b 5 mm (0.197 in.) from side edge
    3. A001TCZ

      Using a caliper gauge, measure the connecting rod small end bush bore diameter.

      Standard Connecting Rod Small End Bush Bore Diameter
      20.012 to 20.021 mm (0.78787 to 0.78823 in.)
      Item Specified Condition
      Mark A 20.012 to 20.015 mm (0.78787 to 0.78799 in.)
      Mark B 20.016 to 20.018 mm (0.78803 to 0.78811 in.)
      Mark C 20.019 to 20.021 mm (0.78815 to 0.78823 in.)

      Tech Tips

      If the diameter is not as specified, replace the connecting rod small end bush.

    4. A001VXIC08
      *a Upper Side
      *b Lower Side
      *c Front Mark
      *d Piston Pin Bore Diameter Mark
      *e Connecting Rod Small End Bush Bore Diameter Mark

      Subtract the piston pin diameter measurement from the piston pin bore diameter measurement.

      Standard Oil Clearance
      -0.001 to 0.005 mm (-0.0000394 to 0.000197 in.)
      Maximum Oil Clearance
      0.008 mm (0.000315 in.)

      Tech Tips

      If the oil clearance is more than the maximum, replace the connecting rod. If necessary, replace the piston and piston pin as a set.

    5. Subtract the piston pin diameter measurement from the connecting rod small end bush bore diameter measurement.

      Standard Oil Clearance
      0.005 to 0.011 mm (0.000197 to 0.000433 in.)
      Maximum Oil Clearance
      0.014 mm (0.000551 in.)

      Tech Tips

      If the oil clearance is more than the maximum, replace the connecting rod small end bush. If necessary, replace the piston and piston pin as a set.

  8. INSPECT CONNECTING ROD SUB-ASSEMBLY


    1. A001TQ0

      Using a connecting rod aligner and feeler gauge, check the connecting rod alignment.


      1. Check for misalignment.

        Maximum Misalignment
        0.05 mm (0.00197 in.) per 100 mm (3.94 in.)

        Tech Tips

        If the misalignment is more than the maximum, replace the connecting rod.

      2. A001X4Z

        Check for twist.

        Maximum Twist
        0.15 mm (0.00591 in.) per 100 mm (3.94 in.)

        Tech Tips

        If the twist is more than the maximum, replace the connecting rod.

  9. INSPECT CRANKSHAFT


    1. Inspect the runout.


      1. A001SC7

        Using a dial indicator and V-blocks, measure the runout as shown in the illustration.

        Maximum Runout
        0.03 mm (0.00118 in.)

        Tech Tips

        If the runout is more than the maximum, replace the crankshaft.

    2. Inspect the main journals.


      1. A001XD4E04

        Using a micrometer, measure the diameter of each main journal.

        Standard Diameter
        47.988 to 48.000 mm (1.8893 to 1.8898 in.)

        Tech Tips

        If the diameter is not as specified, check the crankshaft oil clearance.

      2. Check each main journal for taper and out-of-round as shown in the illustration.

        Maximum Taper and Out-of-Round
        0.004 mm (0.000157 in.)

        Tech Tips

        If the taper or out-of-round is more than the maximum, replace the crankshaft.

        Standard Diameter (Reference)
        Mark Specified Condition
        0 47.999 to 48.000 mm (1.88972 to 1.88976 in.)
        1 47.997 to 47.998 mm (1.88964 to 1.88968 in.)
        2 47.995 to 47.996 mm (1.88956 to 1.88960 in.)
        3 47.993 to 47.994 mm (1.88948 to 1.88952 in.)
        4 47.991 to 47.992 mm (1.88941 to 1.88945 in.)
        5 47.988 to 47.990 mm (1.88929 to 1.88937 in.)

    3. Inspect the crank pin.


      1. A001XT2

        Using a micrometer, measure the diameter of each crank pin.

        Standard Diameter
        46.992 to 47.000 mm (1.85008 to 1.85039 in.)

        Tech Tips

        If the diameter is not as specified, check the connecting rod oil clearance.

      2. Inspect each crank pin for taper and out-of-round.

        Maximum Taper and Out-of-Round
        0.004 mm (0.000157 in.)

        Tech Tips

        If the taper or out-of-round is more than the maximum, replace the crankshaft.

  10. INSPECT CRANKSHAFT OIL CLEARANCE


    1. Check the crankshaft journals and crankshaft bearings for pitting and scratches.

    2. Install the crankshaft bearings.

      Click here

    3. Install the upper crankshaft thrust washers.

      Click here

    4. Clean each main journal and crankshaft bearing.

    5. Place the crankshaft on the cylinder block sub-assembly.

    6. A001XE2C02
      *a Plastigage

      Lay a strip of Plastigage across each journal.

    7. Confirm the front marks and numbers and place the crankshaft bearing caps on the cylinder block sub-assembly.

      Tech Tips

      A number is marked on each crankshaft bearing cap to indicate the installation position.

    8. Install the crankshaft bearing cap.

      Click here

      Note

      Do not turn the crankshaft.

    9. Remove the crankshaft bearing caps.

      Click here

    10. Measure the Plastigage at its widest point.

      A001U5QC08
      *a Plastigage *b Number Mark
      Standard Oil Clearance
      0.016 to 0.039 mm (0.000630 to 0.00154 in.)
      Maximum Oil Clearance
      0.050 mm (0.00197 in.)

      If the oil clearance is more than the maximum, replace the crankshaft bearing. If necessary, replace the crankshaft.

      Note

      Remove the Plastigage completely after the measurement.

      Tech Tips

      If replacing a crankshaft bearing, select a new one with the same number. If the number of the crankshaft bearing cannot be determined, calculate the correct crankshaft bearing number by adding together the numbers imprinted on the cylinder block sub-assembly and crankshaft. Then select a new crankshaft bearing with the calculated number according to the chart below. There are 4 sizes of standard crankshaft bearings, marked "1", "2", "3" or "4" accordingly.


      • Example:

        Cylinder block "3" + Crankshaft "5" = Total number 8 (Use crankshaft bearing "3")

        Bearing Chart
        Cylinder Block + Crankshaft Bearing to be Used
        0 to 2 "1"
        3 to 5 "2"
        6 to 8 "3"
        9 to 11 "4"
      Standard Cylinder Block Journal Bore Diameter
      Mark Specified Condition
      0 52.000 to 52.002 mm (2.04724 to 2.04732 in.)
      1 52.003 to 52.004 mm (2.04736 to 2.04740 in.)
      2 52.005 to 52.006 mm (2.04744 to 2.04752 in.)
      3 52.007 to 52.009 mm (2.04752 to 2.04759 in.)
      4 52.010 to 52.011 mm (2.04763 to 2.04767 in.)
      5 52.012 to 52.013 mm (2.04771 to 2.04775 in.)
      6 52.014 to 52.016 mm (2.04779 to 2.04787 in.)
      Standard Crankshaft Journal Diameter
      Mark Specified Condition
      0 47.999 to 48.000 mm (1.88972 to 1.88976 in.)
      1 47.997 to 47.998 mm (1.88964 to 1.88968 in.)
      2 47.995 to 47.996 mm (1.88956 to 1.88961 in.)
      3 47.993 to 47.994 mm (1.88948 to 1.88952 in.)
      4 47.991 to 47.992 mm (1.88941 to 1.88945 in.)
      5 47.988 to 47.990 mm (1.88929 to 1.88937 in.)
      Standard Bearing Center Wall Thickness
      Mark Specified Condition
      1 1.994 to 1.997 mm (0.07850 to 0.07862 in.)
      2 1.998 to 2.000 mm (0.07866 to 0.07874 in.)
      3 2.001 to 2.003 mm (0.07878 to 0.07886 in.)
      4 2.004 to 2.006 mm (0.07890 to 0.07898 in.)

  11. INSPECT CRANKSHAFT BEARING CAP SET BOLT


    1. A001VXJC11
      *a Measurement Length
      *b Measurement Area
      *c 55 mm (2.17 in.)

      Using a vernier caliper, measure the length of the crankshaft bearing cap set bolt from the seat to the end.

      Standard Length
      84.3 to 85.7 mm (3.32 to 3.37 in.)
      Maximum Length
      86.7 mm (3.41 in.)

      Note


      • If the length is greater than the maximum, replace the crankshaft bearing cap set bolt with a new one. Failure to do so may lead to engine damage.

      • If there is any thread deformation, replace the crankshaft bearing cap set bolt with a new one.

    2. Using a vernier caliper, measure the minimum diameter of the threads at several points within the area shown in the illustration.

      Standard Diameter
      9.77 to 9.96 mm (0.385 to 0.392 in.)
      Minimum Diameter
      9.1 mm (0.358 in.)

      Note


      • Diameter measurements should be done at several points.

      • If the diameter is less than the minimum, replace the crankshaft bearing cap set bolt with a new one. Failure to do so may lead to engine damage.

      • If there is any thread deformation, replace the crankshaft bearing cap set bolt with a new one.

  12. INSPECT CONNECTING ROD BOLT


    1. A001VD7C07
      *a Measurement Area

      Using a vernier caliper, measure the diameter of the connecting rod bolt at several points within the area shown in the illustration.

      Standard Diameter
      6.6 to 6.7 mm (0.260 to 0.264 in.)
      Minimum Diameter
      6.4 mm (0.252 in.)

      Tech Tips


      • Diameter measurements should be done at several points.


      • If the diameter is less than the minimum, replace the connecting rod bolt with a new one. Failure to do so may lead to engine damage.


      • If there is any thread deformation, replace the connecting rod bolt with a new one.

  13. INSPECT NO. 1 OIL NOZZLE SUB-ASSEMBLY


    1. A001U8OC05
      *a pin

      Push the check valve with a pin to check if it is stuck.

      Tech Tips

      If stuck, replace the No. 1 oil nozzle sub-assembly.

    2. Push the check valve with a pin to check if it moves smoothly.

      Tech Tips

      If it does not move smoothly, clean or replace the No. 1 oil nozzle sub-assembly.

    3. A001SXPN04

      Apply air into (A). Check that air does not leak through (B).

      Tech Tips

      If air leaks, clean or replace the No. 1 oil nozzle sub-assembly.

    4. A001TBVC08
      *a pin

      Push the check valve with a pin while applying air into (A). Check that air passes through (B).

      Tech Tips

      If air does not pass through (B), clean or replace the No. 1 oil nozzle sub-assembly.