ENGINE ON-VEHICLE INSPECTION

CAUTION / NOTICE / HINT

CAUTION:


  • A005QA2

    When working near the engine room while the engine has started or the power source mode is ignition switch to ON (IG), do not touch the fan and generator V belt or rotating components such as the fan, etc.

  • Touching the fan and generator V belt or rotating components such as the fan, etc. could result in your hand or clothing getting caught and pulled in.

PROCEDURE


  1. INSPECT ENGINE COOLANT

    Click here

  2. INSPECT ENGINE OIL

    Click here

  3. INSPECT BATTERY

    Click here

  4. INSPECT AIR CLEANER FILTER ELEMENT SUB-ASSEMBLY

    Click here

  5. INSPECT SPARK PLUG

    Click here

  6. INSPECT FAN AND GENERATOR V BELT

    Click here

  7. INSPECT VALVE AND ADJUSTER NOISE


    1. Rev up the engine several times. Check that the engine does not emit unusual noises. If unusual noises occur, warm up the engine and idle it for 30 minutes or more, then perform the preceding inspections.

      Tech Tips

      If any defects or problems are found during the inspections, perform valve lash adjuster assembly inspection.

      Click here

  8. INSPECT IGNITION TIMING


    1. Warm up and stop the engine.

    2. When using the GTS:


      1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

      2. Start the engine and run it at idle.

      3. Turn the GTS on.

      4. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Data List / IGN Advance.


        Powertrain > Engine and ECT > Data List
        Tester Display
        IGN Advance
        Standard Ignition Timing
        0 to 14 BTDC at idle

        Note


        • Check the ignition timing with the cooling fan off.

        • Turn off all electrical systems and the A/C.

        • When checking the ignition timing, the transaxle should be in neutral or park.

      5. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Active Test / Connect the TC and TE1 / ON.


        Powertrain > Engine and ECT > Active Test
        Active Test Display
        Connect the TC and TE1
        Data List Display
        IGN Advance

      6. Monitor IGN Advance of the Data List.

        Standard Ignition Timing
        8 to 12 BTDC at idle

        Note

        When checking the ignition timing, the transaxle should be in neutral or park.

      7. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Active Test / Connect the TC and TE1 / OFF.

      8. Check that the ignition timing advances immediately when the engine speed is increased.

      9. Turn the ignition switch off.

      10. Disconnect the GTS from the DLC3.

    3. When not using the GTS:


      1. A001U66C51
        *a DLC3

        Using SST, connect terminals 13 (TC) and 4 (CG) of the DLC3.

        SST
        09843-18040

        Note


        • Confirm the terminals before connecting them. Connecting the wrong terminals may result in damage to electrical components.

        • Check the ignition timing with the cooling fan off.

        • Turn off all electrical systems and the A/C.

        • When checking the ignition timing, the transaxle should be in neutral or park.

      2. Connect the clip of the timing light to the ignition coil wire for the No. 1 cylinder.

        Note

        Use a timing light that detects the primary signal.

      3. Inspect the ignition timing at idle.

        Standard Ignition Timing
        8 to 12 BTDC at idle

        Note

        When checking the ignition timing, the transaxle should be in neutral or park.

        Tech Tips

        After running the engine at 1000 to 1300 rpm for 5 seconds, check that it returns to idle speed.

      4. Disconnect SST from terminals 13 (TC) and 4 (CG) of the DLC3.

      5. Inspect the ignition timing at idle.

        Standard Ignition Timing
        0 to 14 BTDC at idle

      6. Check that the ignition timing advances immediately when the engine speed is increased.

      7. Disconnect the clip of the timing light.

  9. INSPECT ENGINE IDLE SPEED


    1. Warm up and stop the engine.

    2. When using the GTS:


      1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

      2. Start the engine and run it at idle.

      3. Turn the GTS on.

      4. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Data List / Engine Speed.


        Powertrain > Engine and ECT > Data List
        Tester Display
        Engine Speed

      5. Inspect the engine idle speed.

        Standard Idle Speed
        710 to 810 rpm

        Note


        • Turn off all electrical systems and the A/C.

        • Inspect the engine idle speed with the cooling fan off.

        • When checking the engine idle speed, the transaxle should be in neutral or park.

      6. Turn the ignition switch off.

      7. Disconnect the GTS from the DLC3.

    3. When not using the GTS:


      1. A001U66C64
        *a DLC3

        Using SST, connect a tachometer probe to terminal 9 (TAC) of the DLC3.

        SST
        09843-18040

        Note

        Be sure to connect the tachometer probe to the correct terminal. Connecting the wrong terminals may damage electrical components.

      2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

      3. Inspect the engine idle speed.

        Standard Idle Speed
        710 to 810 rpm

        Note


        • Turn off all electrical systems and the A/C.

        • Inspect the engine idle speed with the cooling fans off.

        • When checking the engine idle speed, the transaxle should be in neutral or park.

      4. Turn the ignition switch off.

      5. Disconnect the tachometer probe from terminal 9 (TAC) of the DLC3.

  10. INSPECT COMPRESSION

    Note

    Keep the spark plug holes free of foreign matter when measuring the compression pressure.


    1. Check for DTCs.

      Click here

    2. Warm up and stop the engine.

    3. Remove the 4 spark plugs.

      Click here

    4. Disconnect the 4 fuel injector connectors.

      Note

      Disable fuel injection in order to prevent catalyst damage due to unburned gasoline.

    5. Inspect the cylinder compression pressure.


      1. Insert a compression gauge into the spark plug hole.

      2. Fully open the throttle.

      3. While cranking the engine, measure the compression pressure.

        Standard Compression Pressure
        1373 kPa (14.0 kgf/cm2, 199 psi)
        Minimum Compression Pressure
        980 kPa (10.0 kgf/cm2, 142 psi)
        Pressure Difference between Each Cylinder
        100 kPa (1.0 kgf/cm2, 15 psi)

        Note


        • Use a fully-charged battery so that the engine speed can be increased to 250 rpm or more.

        • Inspect the other cylinders in the same way.

        • Measure the compression pressure as quickly as possible.

      4. If the cylinder compression pressure is low, pour a small amount of engine oil into the cylinder through the spark plug hole, then inspect it again.

        Tech Tips


        • If adding oil increases the compression pressure, the piston rings and/or cylinder bore may be worn or damaged.

        • If the compression pressure stays low, a valve may be stuck or seated improperly, or there may be leaks in the gasket.

    6. Connect the 4 fuel injector connectors.

    7. Install the 4 spark plugs.

      Click here

    8. Clear the DTCs.

      Click here

      Note

      After the inspection, clear the DTCs, check for DTCs again and make sure the normal system code is output.

  11. INSPECT CO/HC

    Tech Tips

    This check determines whether or not the idle CO/HC complies with regulations.


    1. Start the engine.

    2. Keep the engine at 2500 rpm for approximately 180 seconds.

    3. Insert a CO/HC meter testing probe at least 40 cm (1.3 ft.) into the tailpipe during idle.

    4. Immediately check the CO/HC concentration during idle and when the engine is running at 2500 rpm.

      Tech Tips

      When doing a 2 mode (with the engine idling/running at 2500 rpm) test, the measurement procedures are determined by applicable local regulations.

      If the CO/HC concentration does not comply with the regulations, perform troubleshooting in the order given below.


      1. Check for DTCs.

        Click here

      2. See the following table for possible causes, then inspect the applicable parts and repair them if necessary.

        CO HC Problem Possible Cause
        Normal High Rough idle

        1. Faulty ignition:


          • Incorrect timing

          • Fouled, shorted or improperly gapped plugs

        2. Incorrect valve clearance

        3. Leaks in intake or exhaust valves

        4. Leaks in cylinders
        Low High Rough idle (Fluctuating HC reading)

        1. Vacuum leaks:


          • PCV hoses

          • Intake manifold

          • Throttle body assembly

          • Brake booster line

        2. Lean mixture causing misfire
        High High Rough idle (Black smoke from exhaust)

        1. Restricted air cleaner filter element sub-assembly

        2. Plugged PCV valve

        3. Faulty EFI systems:


          • Pressure regulator

          • Engine coolant temperature sensor

          • Mass air flow meter

          • ECM

          • Injector assemblies

          • Throttle body assembly