CYLINDER BLOCK INSPECTION

Info Added 2017-10-06

PROCEDURE


  1. INSPECT CONNECTING ROD THRUST CLEARANCE


    1. A001TVM

      Using a dial indicator, measure the thrust clearance while moving the connecting rod back and forth.

      Standard Thrust Clearance
      0.1 to 0.5 mm (0.00394 to 0.0197 in.)
      Maximum Thrust Clearance
      0.5 mm (0.0197 in.)

      Tech Tips

      If the thrust clearance is more than the maximum, replace the connecting rod. If necessary, replace the crankshaft.

  2. INSPECT CONNECTING ROD OIL CLEARANCE

    Tech Tips

    Using SST, install and alternately tighten the 2 connecting rod bolts in several steps.


    1. Remove the connecting rod bearing cap and lower connecting rod bearing.

      Click here

    2. Clean the crankshaft crank pin and upper connecting rod bearing.

    3. Check the crankshaft crank pin and upper connecting rod bearing for pitting and scratches.

      Tech Tips

      If the crank pin or upper connecting rod bearing is damaged, replace the connecting rod bearings. If necessary, replace the crankshaft.

    4. A001XLQC01
      *a Plastigage

      Lay a strip of Plastigage on the crank pin.

    5. A001TOCC01
      *a Front Mark

      Check that the front mark of the connecting rod bearing cap is facing the correct direction, and install the connecting rod bearing cap to the connecting rod.

    6. Apply a light coat of engine oil to the threads and under the heads of the 2 connecting rod bolts.

    7. A001YBHN01

      Using SST, install and alternately tighten the 2 connecting rod bolts in several steps.

      SST
      09205-16011
      Torque:
      15 N*m  { 153 kgf*cm, 11 ft.*lbf }
    8. A001V2IC01
      *a Paint Mark
      *b 90°
      B0049DE Front of Engine

      Mark the front of each connecting rod bolt with paint.

    9. Tighten the connecting rod bolts 90° as shown in the illustration.

      Note

      Do not turn the crankshaft during the measurement.

    10. Remove the 2 connecting rod bolts and connecting rod bearing cap.

    11. A001WA0C01
      *a Plastigage
      *b Number Mark

      Measure the Plastigage at its widest point.

      Standard Oil Clearance
      0.010 to 0.036 mm (0.000394 to 0.00142 in.)
      Maximum Oil Clearance
      0.036 mm (0.00142 in.)

      Tech Tips


      • If the oil clearance is more than the maximum, replace the connecting rod bearings. If necessary, replace the crankshaft.

      • If replacing a connecting rod bearing, select a new one with the same number as marked on the connecting rod bearing cap. There are 3 sizes of standard connecting rod bearings, marked "1" , "2" , or "3" accordingly.

      Standard Connecting Rod Big End Inside Diameter
      Mark Specified Condition
      1 45.000 to 45.008 mm (1.77165 to 1.77197 in.)
      2 45.009 to 45.016 mm (1.77200 to 1.77228 in.)
      3 45.017 to 45.024 mm (1.77232 to 1.77259 in.)
      Standard Connecting Rod Bearing Center Wall Thickness
      Mark Specified Condition
      1 1.492 to 1.495 mm (0.0587 to 0.0589 in.)
      2 1.496 to 1.498 mm (0.0589 to 0.0590 in.)
      3 1.499 to 1.501 mm (0.0590 to 0.0591 in.)
      Standard Crankshaft Pin Diameter
      Mark Specified Condition
      1, 2, 3 41.992 to 42.000 mm (1.65323 to 1.65354 in.)

      Note

      Completely remove the Plastigage after the measurement.

  3. INSPECT CRANKSHAFT THRUST CLEARANCE


    1. A001SZ8

      Using a dial indicator, measure the thrust clearance while prying the crankshaft back and forth with a screwdriver.

      Standard Thrust Clearance
      0.04 to 0.24 mm (0.00157 to 0.00945 in.)
      Maximum Thrust Clearance
      0.24 mm (0.00945 in.)

      Tech Tips

      If the thrust clearance is more than the maximum, replace the crankshaft thrust washer set. If necessary, replace the crankshaft.

      Standard Thrust Washer Thickness
      1.93 to 1.98 mm (0.0760 to 0.0780 in.)

  4. INSPECT CRANKSHAFT OIL CLEARANCE


    1. Check the crankshaft journals and crankshaft bearings for pitting and scratches.

    2. Install the crankshaft bearings.

      Click here

    3. Install the upper crankshaft thrust washers.

      Click here

    4. Clean each main journal and crankshaft bearing.

    5. Place the crankshaft on the cylinder block sub-assembly.

    6. A001SIOC01
      *a Plastigage

      Lay a strip of Plastigage across each journal.

    7. A001X3SC01
      *a Front Mark and Number

      Confirm the front marks and numbers, and place the 5 No. 1 crankshaft bearing caps on the cylinder block sub-assembly.

      Tech Tips

      A number is marked on each No. 1 crankshaft bearing cap to indicate its installation position.

    8. Install the No. 1 crankshaft bearing caps.

      Click here

      Note

      Do not turn the crankshaft.

    9. Remove the No. 1 crankshaft bearing caps.

      Click here

    10. Measure the Plastigage at its widest point.

      A001Y4EC02
      *a Plastigage *b Cylinder Block Number Mark (A)
      *c Crankshaft Number Mark (B) *d Diameter Mark
      Standard Oil Clearance
      0.012 to 0.028 mm (0.000472 to 0.00110 in.)
      Maximum Oil Clearance
      0.028 mm (0.00110 in.)

      Tech Tips

      If the oil clearance is more than the maximum, replace the crankshaft bearings. If necessary, replace the crankshaft.

      Note

      Completely remove the Plastigage after the measurement.

    11. If replacing a crankshaft bearing, select a new one with the same number.

      Tech Tips


      • If the number of the crankshaft bearing cannot be determined, calculate the correct crankshaft bearing number by adding together the numbers imprinted on the cylinder block sub-assembly and crankshaft. Then select a new crankshaft bearing with the calculated number according to the chart below. There are 4 sizes of standard crankshaft bearings, marked "1", "2", "3" or "4" accordingly.

      • Example: Cylinder block "3" + Crankshaft "5" = Total number 8 (Use crankshaft bearing "3")

      Crankshaft Bearing
      Cylinder block sub-assembly + Crankshaft Crankshaft bearing to be used
      0 to 2 "1"
      3 to 5 "2"
      6 to 8 "3"
      9 to 11 "4"
      Standard Cylinder Block Journal Bore Diameter
      Mark Specified Condition
      0 52.000 to 52.002 mm (2.04724 to 2.04732 in.)
      1 52.003 to 52.004 mm (2.04736 to 2.04740 in.)
      2 52.005 to 52.006 mm (2.04744 to 2.04748 in.)
      3 52.007 to 52.009 mm (2.04752 to 2.04759 in.)
      4 52.010 to 52.011 mm (2.04763 to 2.04767 in.)
      5 52.012 to 52.013 mm (2.04771 to 2.04775 in.)
      6 52.014 to 52.016 mm (2.04779 to 2.04787 in.)
      Standard Crankshaft Journal Diameter
      Mark Specified Condition
      0 47.999 to 48.000 mm (1.88972 to 1.88976 in.)
      1 47.997 to 47.998 mm (1.88964 to 1.88968 in.)
      2 47.995 to 47.996 mm (1.88956 to 1.88960 in.)
      3 47.993 to 47.994 mm (1.88948 to 1.88952 in.)
      4 47.991 to 47.992 mm (1.88941 to 1.88945 in.)
      5 47.988 to 47.990 mm (1.88929 to 1.88937 in.)
      Standard Bearing Center Wall Thickness
      Mark Specified Condition
      1 1.991 to 1.994 mm (0.07839 to 0.07850 in.)
      2 1.995 to 1.997 mm (0.07854 to 0.07862 in.)
      3 1.998 to 2.000 mm (0.07866 to 0.07874 in.)
      4 2.001 to 2.003 mm (0.07878 to 0.07886 in.)

  5. INSPECT CYLINDER BLOCK SUB-ASSEMBLY FOR WARPAGE


    1. A001SKO

      Using a precision straightedge and feeler gauge, check the surfaces which contact the cylinder head gasket for warpage.

      Maximum Warpage
      0.05 mm (0.00197 in.)

      Tech Tips

      If the warpage is more than the maximum, replace the cylinder block sub-assembly.

  6. INSPECT CYLINDER BORE


    1. A001VKMC02
      *a Thrust Direction
      *b Axial Direction
      *c 10 mm
      *d 60 mm
      B00495X Front of Engine

      Using a cylinder gauge, measure the cylinder bore diameter at the positions (A) and (B) in the thrust and axial directions.

      Reference Diameter (New Parts)
      71.500 to 71.513 mm (2.81496 to 2.81547 in.)
      Maximum Diameter
      71.63 mm (2.82007 in.)
      Measurement Position
      Measurement Position Cylinder Bore Position
      A 10 mm (0.394 in.) from top edge
      B 60 mm (2.36 in.) from top edge

      Tech Tips

      If the average diameter of 4 positions is more than the maximum, replace the cylinder block sub-assembly.

  7. INSPECT NO. 1 OIL NOZZLE SUB-ASSEMBLY


    1. A001VPSC01
      *a Pin

      Push the check valve with a pin to check that it is not stuck.

      Tech Tips

      If the check valve is stuck, replace the No. 1 oil nozzle sub-assembly.

    2. A001VCYN01

      Apply air into (A). Check that air does not leak through (B).

      Tech Tips

      If air leaks, clean or replace the No. 1 oil nozzle sub-assembly.

    3. A001US0C01
      *a Pin

      Push the check valve with a pin while applying air into (A). Check that air passes through (B).

      Tech Tips

      If air does not pass through (B), clean or replace the No. 1 oil nozzle sub-assembly.

  8. INSPECT PISTON SUB-ASSEMBLY WITH CONNECTING ROD


    1. A001XIC

      Check the fitting condition between the piston and piston pin by trying to move the piston back and forth on the piston pin.

      Tech Tips

      If abnormal movement is felt, replace the piston and piston pin as a set.

  9. INSPECT PISTON


    1. A001UKFC02
      *a 9.7 mm

      Using a micrometer, measure the piston diameter at a position 9.7 mm (0.382 in.) from the bottom of the piston (refer to the illustration).

      Reference Piston Diameter (New Parts)
      71.476 to 71.508 mm (2.81 to 2.82 in.)

      Tech Tips

      If the piston diameter is less than the minimum, replace the piston and piston pin as a set.

  10. INSPECT PISTON OIL CLEARANCE


    1. Subtract the piston diameter measurement from the cylinder bore diameter measurement.

      Reference Oil Clearance (New Parts)
      -0.006 to 0.037 mm (-0.000236 to 0.00146 in.)
      Maximum Oil Clearance
      0.08 mm (0.00315 in.)

      Tech Tips

      If the piston oil clearance is more than the maximum, replace all the pistons with piston pins. If necessary, replace the cylinder block sub-assembly.

  11. INSPECT RING GROOVE CLEARANCE


    1. A001W1Z

      Using a feeler gauge, measure the clearance between a new piston ring set and the wall of the ring groove.

      Standard Ring Groove Clearance
      Item Specified Condition
      No. 1 Compression Ring 0.02 to 0.06 mm (0.000787 to 0.00236 in.)
      No. 2 Compression Ring 0.02 to 0.06 mm (0.000787 to 0.00236 in.)
      Oil Ring 0.07 to 0.13 mm (0.00276 to 0.00512 in.)

      Tech Tips

      If the groove clearance is not as specified, replace the piston and piston pin as a set.

  12. INSPECT PISTON RING END GAP


    1. A001YAJC01
      *a 50 mm

      Using a piston, push the piston ring a little beyond the bottom of the ring travel, 50 mm (1.97 in.) from the top of the cylinder block sub-assembly.

    2. A001VEE

      Using a feeler gauge, measure the end gap.

      Standard End Gap
      Item Specified Condition
      No. 1 Compression Ring 0.18 to 0.23 mm (0.00709 to 0.00906 in.)
      No. 2 Compression Ring 0.50 to 0.60 mm (0.0197 to 0.0236 in.)
      Oil Ring 0.10 to 0.35 mm (0.00394 to 0.0138 in.)
      Maximum End Gap
      Item Specified Condition
      No. 1 Compression Ring 0.43 mm (0.0169 in.)
      No. 2 Compression Ring 0.80 mm (0.0315 in.)
      Oil Ring 0.55 mm (0.0217 in.)

      Tech Tips

      If the end gap is more than the maximum, replace the piston ring. If the end gap is more than the maximum even with a new piston ring, replace the cylinder block sub-assembly.

  13. INSPECT PISTON PIN OIL CLEARANCE

    Tech Tips

    When replacing the piston sub-assembly with pin with a supply part, there are a number of piston diameter sizes to choose from, but there is only one size of piston pin diameter.


    1. A001VZF

      Using a caliper gauge, measure the piston pin bore diameter.

      Standard Piston Pin Bore Diameter
      Item Specified Condition
      Mark A 20.006 to 20.009 mm (0.78764 to 0.78775 in.)
      Mark B 20.010 to 20.012 mm (0.78779 to 0.78787 in.)
      Mark C 20.013 to 20.015 mm (0.78791 to 0.78799 in.)

      Tech Tips

      If the diameter is not as specified, replace the piston and piston pin as a set.

    2. A001XXEN02

      Using a micrometer, measure the piston pin diameter.

      Standard Piston Pin Diameter
      20.004 to 20.013 mm (0.78756 to 0.78791 in.)
      Item Specified Condition
      Mark A 20.004 to 20.007 mm (0.78756 to 0.78768 in.)
      Mark B 20.008 to 20.010 mm (0.78771 to 0.78779 in.)
      Mark C 20.011 to 20.013 mm (0.78783 to 0.78791 in.)

      Tech Tips

      If the diameter is not as specified, replace the piston and piston pin as a set.

      Measurement Position
      Measurement Position Piston Pin Position
      a 5 mm (0.197 in.) from side edge
      b 25 mm (0.984 in.) from side edge
    3. A001XRU

      Using a caliper gauge, measure the connecting rod small end bush bore diameter.

      Standard Connecting Rod Small End Bush Bore Diameter
      20.012 to 20.021 mm (0.78787 to 0.78823 in.)
      Item Specified Condition
      Mark A 20.012 to 20.015 mm (0.78787 to 0.78799 in.)
      Mark B 20.016 to 20.018 mm (0.78803 to 0.78811 in.)
      Mark C 20.019 to 20.021 mm (0.78815 to 0.78823 in.)

      Tech Tips

      If the diameter is not as specified, replace the connecting rod small end bush.

    4. A001SCLC01
      *a Front Mark
      *b Piston Pin Bore Diameter Mark
      *c Connecting Rod Small End Bush Bore Diameter Mark
      *d Top Side
      *e Bottom Side

      Subtract the piston pin diameter measurement from the piston pin bore diameter measurement.

      Standard Oil Clearance
      -0.001 to 0.005 mm (-0.0000394 to 0.000197 in.)
      Maximum Oil Clearance
      0.08 mm (0.00315 in.)

      Tech Tips

      If the oil clearance is more than the maximum, replace the connecting rod. If necessary, replace the piston and piston pin as a set.

  14. INSPECT CONNECTING ROD BOLT


    1. A001Y8YC01
      *a Measurement Area (B)
      *b 5.0 mm (0.197 in.)
      *c 10 mm (0.394 in.)
      B00495X Measurement Point (A)

      Using a vernier caliper, measure the diameter of the threads at the measurement point (A).

      Standard Diameter
      6.86 to 7.00 mm (0.270 to 0.276 in.)

      Tech Tips

      If there is any thread deformation, replace the connecting rod bolt with a new one.

    2. Using a vernier caliper, measure the diameter of the threads at several points within the measurement area (B) shown in the illustration.

      Tech Tips


      • Diameter measurements should be done at several points.

      • If there is any thread deformation, replace the connecting rod bolt with a new one.

    3. Calculate the difference between the measurement of (A) and the measurement of (B).

      Difference between (A) and (B)
      0.15 mm (0.00591 in.) or less

      Note

      If the difference between (A) and (B) is more than the maximum, replace the connecting rod bolt with a new one. Failure to do so may lead to engine damage.

      Tech Tips

      If there is any thread deformation, replace the connecting rod bolt with a new one.

  15. INSPECT CRANKSHAFT


    1. Inspect the runout.


      1. A001T2I

        Using a dial indicator and V-blocks, measure the runout as shown in the illustration.

        Maximum Runout
        0.015 mm (0.000591 in.)

        Tech Tips

        If the runout is more than the maximum, replace the crankshaft.

    2. Inspect the main journals.


      1. A001WOWN02

        Using a micrometer, measure the diameter of each main journal.

        Standard Diameter
        47.988 to 48.000 mm (1.8893 to 1.8898 in.)

        Tech Tips

        If the diameter is not as specified, check the crankshaft oil clearance.

      2. Check each main journal for taper and out-of-round as shown in the illustration.

        Maximum Taper and Out-of-Round
        0.02 mm (0.000787 in.)

        Tech Tips

        If the taper or out-of-round is more than the maximum, replace the crankshaft.

        Standard Diameter (Reference)
        Mark Specified Condition
        0 47.999 to 48.000 mm (1.88972 to 1.88976 in.)
        1 47.997 to 47.998 mm (1.88964 to 1.88968 in.)
        2 47.995 to 47.996 mm (1.88956 to 1.88960 in.)
        3 47.993 to 47.994 mm (1.88948 to 1.88952 in.)
        4 47.991 to 47.992 mm (1.88941 to 1.88945 in.)
        5 47.988 to 47.990 mm (1.88929 to 1.88937 in.)

    3. Inspect the crank pin.


      1. A001YFA

        Using a micrometer, measure the diameter of each crank pin.

        Standard Diameter
        41.992 to 42.000 mm (1.65323 to 1.65354 in.)

        Tech Tips

        If the diameter is not as specified, check the connecting rod oil clearance.

      2. Inspect each crank pin for taper and out-of-round.

        Maximum Taper and Out-of-Round
        0.02 mm (0.000787 in.)

        Tech Tips

        If the taper or out-of-round is more than the maximum, replace the crankshaft.

  16. INSPECT CRANKSHAFT BEARING CAP SET BOLT


    1. A001WDDC01
      *a Measurement Length
      *b Measurement Area
      *c 55 mm (2.17 in.)

      Using a vernier caliper, measure the length of the crankshaft bearing cap set bolt from the seat to the end.

      Standard Length
      84.3 to 85.7 mm (3.32 to 3.37 in.)
      Maximum Length
      86.7 mm (3.41 in.)

      Note


      • If the length is greater than the maximum, replace the crankshaft bearing cap set bolt with a new one. Failure to do so may lead to engine damage.

      • If there is any thread deformation, replace the crankshaft bearing cap set bolt with a new one.

    2. Using a vernier caliper, measure the minimum diameter of the threads at several points within the area shown in the illustration.

      Standard Diameter
      9.77 to 9.96 mm (0.385 to 0.392 in.)
      Minimum Diameter
      9.1 mm (0.358 in.)

      Note


      • Diameter measurements should be done at several points.

      • If the diameter is less than the minimum, replace the crankshaft bearing cap set bolt with a new one. Failure to do so may lead to engine damage.

      • If there is any thread deformation, replace the crankshaft bearing cap set bolt with a new one.