ENGINE ON-VEHICLE INSPECTION

CAUTION / NOTICE / HINT

Tech Tips

The type of ignition switch used on this model differs according to the specifications of the vehicle. For the expressions listed in this section, refer to the "Ignition Switch Expressions" precaution.

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PROCEDURE

INSPECT ENGINE COOLANT

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INSPECT ENGINE OIL

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INSPECT BATTERY

Click here
INSPECT AIR CLEANER FILTER ELEMENT SUB-ASSEMBLY
1. Remove the air cleaner cap.
2. Remove the air cleaner filter element sub-assembly.
3. Visually check that the air cleaner filter is not excessively damaged or oily.
  
  If necessary, replace the air cleaner filter element sub-assembly.
INSPECT SPARK PLUG

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INSPECT FAN AND GENERATOR V BELT

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INSPECT VALVE LASH ADJUSTER ASSEMBLY NOISE
1. Rev up the engine several times. Check that the engine does not emit unusual noises.
  
  If unusual noises occur, warm up the engine and idle it for over 30 minutes. Then perform the inspection above again.
  
  If any defects or problems are found during the inspection above, perform a lash adjuster inspection.
  
  Click here
INSPECT IGNITION TIMING
1. Warm up and stop the engine.
2. When using the GTS:
  1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.
  2. Start the engine and idle it.
  3. Turn the GTS on.
  4. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Data List / IGN Advance.
    
    Powertrain > Engine and ECT > Data List
    
    Tester Display
    
    IGN Advance
    
    Standard ignition timing
    
    5 to 15° BTDC @ idle
    Note
    - Turn all the electrical systems and the A/C off.
    - Check the ignition timing with the cooling fan off.
    - When checking the ignition timing, the shift lever should be in N or P.
    Tech Tips
    
    Refer to the GTS operator's manual for further details.
    
    If the ignition timing is not as specified, check the valve timing.
  5. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Active Test / Connect the TC and TE1.
    
    Powertrain > Engine and ECT > Active Test
    
    Tester Display
    
    Connect the TC and TE1
  6. Monitor IGN Advance of the Data List.
    
    Standard ignition timing
    
    8 to 12 BTDC @ idle
    Note
    - Turn all the electrical systems and the A/C off.
    - Check the ignition timing with the cooling fan off.
    - When checking the ignition timing, the shift lever should be in N or P.
  7. Check that the ignition timing advances immediately when the engine speed is increased.
  8. Turn the ignition switch off.
  9. Disconnect the GTS from the DLC3.
3. When not using the GTS:
  1. Connect the tester probe of a timing light to the wire of the ignition coil connector for the No. 1 cylinder.
    
    Note
    
    Use a timing light that detects primary signals.
  2. Start the engine and idle it.
  3. *a Front view of DLC3
    
    Using SST, connect terminals 13 (TC) and 4 (CG) of the DLC3.
    
    SST
    
    09843-18040
    Note
    
    Confirm the terminal numbers before connecting them. Connecting the wrong terminals can damage the engine.
    
    When checking the ignition timing, the shift lever should be in N or P.
  4. Using a timing light, check the ignition timing.
    
    Standard ignition timing
    
    8 to 12° BTDC @ idle
    Note
    - Turn all the electrical systems and the A/C off.
    - Check the ignition timing with the cooling fan off.
    - When checking the ignition timing, the shift lever should be in N or P.
  5. Remove SST from the DLC3.
  6. Check the ignition timing.
    
    Standard ignition timing
    
    5 to 15° BTDC @ idle
    Note
    - Turn all the electrical systems and the A/C off.
    - Check the ignition timing with the cooling fan off.
    - When checking the ignition timing, the shift lever should be in N or P.
    If the ignition timing is not as specified, check the valve timing.
  7. Check that the ignition timing advances immediately when the engine speed is increased.
  8. Turn the ignition switch off.
  9. Disconnect the timing light from the engine.
INSPECT ENGINE IDLE SPEED
1. Warm up and stop the engine.
2. When using the GTS:
  1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.
    
    Tech Tips
    
    Switch off all accessories and the A/C before connecting the GTS.
  2. Race the engine at 2500 rpm for approximately 90 seconds.
  3. Turn the GTS on.
  4. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Data List / Engine Speed.
    
    Powertrain > Engine and ECT > Data List
    
    Tester Display
    
    Engine Speed
    
    Standard idle speed
    
    720 to 820 rpm
    
    Note
    
    When checking the idle speed, the shift lever should be in N or P.
    
    Tech Tips
    
    Refer to the GTS operator's manual for further details.
    
    If the idle speed is not as specified, check the air intake system.
  5. Disconnect the GTS from the DLC3.
3. When not using the GTS:
  1. *a Front view of DLC3
    
    Using SST, connect a tachometer probe to terminal 9 (TAC) of the DLC3.
    
    SST
    
    09843-18030
    
    Note
    
    Confirm the terminal number before connecting the probe. Connecting the wrong terminals can damage the engine.
    
    Tech Tips
    
    Switch off all accessories and the A/C.
  2. Race the engine at 2500 rpm for approximately 90 seconds.
  3. Check the idle speed.
    
    Standard idle speed
    
    720 to 820 rpm
    
    Note
    
    When checking the idle speed, the shift lever should be in N or P.
    
    If the speed is not as specified, check the air intake system.
  4. Disconnect the tachometer probe from the DLC3.
INSPECT COMPRESSION
1. Warm up and stop the engine.
2. Check for DTCs.
  - w/ Canister Pump Module
    
    Click here
  - w/o Canister Pump Module
    
    Click here
3. Remove the 4 spark plugs.
  
  Click here
4. Disconnect the 4 fuel injector connectors.
5. Insert a compression gauge into the spark plug hole.
6. Fully open the throttle.
7. While cranking the engine, measure the compression pressure.
  
  Standard compression pressure
  
  1450 kPa (14.8 kgf/cm², 210 psi) or higher
  
  Minimum pressure
  
  980 kPa (10.0 kgf/cm², 142 psi)
  
  Difference between each cylinder
  
  200 kPa (2.0 kgf/cm², 29 psi) or less
  
  Tech Tips
  
  Always use a fully charged battery to obtain an engine speed of 250 rpm or more.
8. If the cylinder compression is low in one or more cylinders, pour a small amount of engine oil into the cylinder with low compression through its spark plug hole. Then inspect the cylinder compression pressure again.
  Tech Tips
  - If adding oil helps boost the compression, it is likely that the piston rings and/or cylinder bore is worn or damaged.
  - If the pressure stays low, a valve may be stuck or seated improperly, or there may be leakage from the gasket.
9. Connect the 4 fuel injector connectors.
10. Install the 4 spark plugs.
  
  Click here
11. Clear the DTCs.
  - w/ Canister Pump Module
    
    Click here
  - w/o Canister Pump Module
    
    Click here

Tester Display
IGN Advance

Standard ignition timing
5 to 15° BTDC @ idle

Tester Display
Connect the TC and TE1

Standard ignition timing
8 to 12 BTDC @ idle

Standard ignition timing
8 to 12° BTDC @ idle

Standard ignition timing
5 to 15° BTDC @ idle

Tester Display
Engine Speed

Standard idle speed
720 to 820 rpm

Standard idle speed
720 to 820 rpm

Standard compression pressure
1450 kPa (14.8 kgf/cm², 210 psi) or higher

Minimum pressure
980 kPa (10.0 kgf/cm², 142 psi)

Difference between each cylinder
200 kPa (2.0 kgf/cm², 29 psi) or less

INSPECT CO/HC

Tech Tips

This check determines whether or not the idle CO/HC complies with regulations.

Start the engine.
Keep the engine speed at 2500 rpm for approximately 180 seconds.
Insert a CO/HC meter testing probe at least 40 cm (1.31 ft.) into the tailpipe during idling.

Immediately check the CO/HC concentration at idle and at 2500 rpm.

Tech Tips

When performing the 2-mode (2500 rpm and idle) test, follow the measurement order prescribed by the applicable local regulations.
If the CO/HC concentration does not comply with regulations, troubleshoot in the order given below.

Check the air fuel ratio sensor operation.

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Check the heated oxygen sensor operation.

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See the table below for possible causes, and then inspect and correct the applicable causes if necessary.

CO	HC	Symptom	Causes
Normal	High	Rough idle	1. Faulty ignition Incorrect timing Plugs are contaminated or shorted, or gaps are defective 2. Leaky intake and exhaust valves 3. Leaky cylinder
Low	High	Rough idle (Fluctuating HC reading)	1. Vacuum leaks PCV hose Intake manifold Throttle body Brake booster line 2. Lean mixture causing misfire
High	High	Rough idle (Black smoke from exhaust)	1. Restricted air filter 2. Faulty SFI system Faulty pressure Defective engine coolant temperature sensor Faulty ECM Faulty injector Faulty throttle position sensor Faulty mass air flow meter sensor

Symptom

Causes

Normal

High

Rough idle

1. Faulty ignition

Incorrect timing
Plugs are contaminated or shorted, or gaps are defective

2. Leaky intake and exhaust valves
3. Leaky cylinder

Low

High

Rough idle

(Fluctuating HC reading)

1. Vacuum leaks

PCV hose
Intake manifold
Throttle body
Brake booster line

2. Lean mixture causing misfire

High

Rough idle

(Black smoke from exhaust)

1. Restricted air filter
2. Faulty SFI system

Faulty pressure
Defective engine coolant temperature sensor
Faulty ECM
Faulty injector
Faulty throttle position sensor
Faulty mass air flow meter sensor