SFI SYSTEM, Diagnostic DTC:P1604

INSPECTION PROCEDURE

1. Malfunction Recurrence and Inspection Areas

   
   

   1. Freeze frame data exists, but the malfunction (starting difficulty) has not reoccurred and the malfunction conditions are unknown.

      
      

      1. The engine speed recorded in the freeze frame data is 0 rpm (the engine does not crank).

         Tip:

         One of the following problems may be present: battery depletion, excess engine friction, a starter assembly malfunction or a crankshaft position sensor malfunction.

         
         

         • If the battery voltage is less than 6 V during cranking, there is a high probability that engine friction is abnormal.

         • If the battery voltage drops to 5 V or less when starting the engine, the battery may be malfunctioning.

         • 

           If the battery voltage fluctuates while cranking the engine, it can be concluded that cranking is being performed. When the engine speed is 0 rpm, the crankshaft position sensor and/or ECM may be malfunctioning.

      2. All engine speeds recorded in the freeze frame data are between 100 and 250 rpm (the engine cranks but there is no combustion).

         Tip:

         If the engine speed is between 100 and 250 rpm (no initial combustion), there may be a wiring problem or a complete failure of an ignition or fuel system part.

         
         
         • 

           Due to an engine coolant temperature sensor malfunction, the fuel injection volume is extremely high or low and the engine may not be able to be started.

      3. The engine speed recorded in the freeze frame data is 250 rpm or higher (the initial combustion and starter assembly turnoff timing is too late).

         Tip:

         If the engine speed is 250 rpm or higher (combustion occurs but the initial combustion and starter assembly turnoff timing is too late), the fuel injection volume is often incorrect (too low or too high) and determining the cause of the malfunction is often difficult.

         
         

         • Due to an engine coolant temperature sensor malfunction, the fuel injection volume is extremely high or low and engine starting trouble may occur.

         • If Long FT is incorrect, there may be a fuel supply problem due to the fuel injector assemblies or fuel pump being clogged, etc.

         • 

           If the engine cranking speed is too high, compression loss may have occurred due to carbon interfering with the valve operation.

   2. When the malfunction (starting difficulty) can be reproduced, or malfunction conditions are known, perform the following inspections ("Problem Symptoms" and "Systems to Inspect").

      
      

      1. Problem Symptoms

         
         

         1. The engine does not crank.

            Tip:

            The starter assembly is normal if a noise that indicates the starter assembly pinion gear is extending is heard. The battery may be fully depleted or there may be excess engine friction.

         2. The engine cranking speed is abnormal.

            Tip:

            If the engine cranking speed is too high (for example, 300 rpm or higher with no combustion), compression loss may have occurred because carbon interfered with valve operation, etc.

         3. There is no initial combustion.

            Tip:

            If there is no initial combustion, there is probably a wiring problem or an ignition or fuel system part malfunction.

         4. The engine stalls after starter assembly turnoff.

            Tip:

            If the engine stalls after starter assembly turnoff, the air-fuel ratio may be incorrect or the VVT may have a problem returning.

         5. The initial combustion and starter assembly turnoff occur late.

            Tip:

            If the initial combustion and starter assembly turnoff occur late, the fuel injection volume is probably incorrect (too low or too high).

            Tip:

            Causes of fuel system malfunctions according to conditions present at the time of the malfunction.

            
            

            • When 2 to 3 minutes have elapsed after stopping the engine: Fuel pressure loss due to the pressure regulator failing to maintain the fuel pressure.

            • When 15 to 120 minutes have elapsed after stopping the engine: Problem with fuel injector assembly fuel seal.

            • When a long time has elapsed after stopping the engine: Pressure regulator is stuck open.

      2. Systems to Inspect.

         
         

         1. Intake system

         2. Ignition system

         3. Fuel system

2. INSPECTION FLOW

   
   

   1. Freeze frame data exists, but the malfunction (starting difficulty) has not reoccurred and the malfunction conditions are unknown.

      Freeze Frame Data Item	Result	Suspected Area	Procedure
      Engine Speed	0 rpm (no engine cranking at all)	Battery fully depleted Engine assembly (excess friction) Starter assembly Immobiliser system Crankshaft position sensor ECM	4 to 9
      	100 to 250 rpm (engine cranks but no initial combustion*1)	Fuel pump control system Ignition system Engine coolant temperature sensor Fuel injection system	10 to 14
      	250 rpm or higher (combustion occurs but initial combustion and starter assembly turnoff*2 occur late)	Engine assembly (compression loss) Fuel injection system Fuel pump control system	15 to 23

      Tip:
      

      • *1: First combustion after cranking begins.

      • *2: Condition when engine speed increases and starter assembly can be turned off.

   2. When the malfunction (starting difficulty) can be reproduced, or when malfunction conditions are known.

      
      

      1. Problem Symptoms

         Problem Symptom	Suspected Area	Suspected Component	Procedure
         The engine does not crank	Battery malfunction	Battery fully depleted	26 to 31
         	Starting system	Starter assembly (includes pinion gear wear or tooth damage) Starting system
         	Immobiliser system	Immobiliser system
         	Engine assembly	Engine assembly (excess friction) Drive plate wear or tooth damage
         Cranking speed too low	Battery malfunction	Battery fully depleted	32 to 34
         	Starting system	Starter assembly
         	Engine assembly	Engine assembly (excess friction)
         Cranking speed too high	Engine assembly	Engine assembly (compression loss)
         There is no initial combustion	Fuel supply problem	Cannot maintain pressure due to pressure regulator malfunction Fuel injector assembly leak Fuel leak from fuel line Fuel pump control system Fuel pump	35 to 50
         	Ignition system malfunction	Spark plug Crankshaft position sensor Ignition coil assembly
         Engine stalls after starter assembly turnoff	Air suction	Intake system connections	51 to 57
         	Deposits in throttle body assembly	Throttle body assembly
         	VVT valve does not return properly	Camshaft timing oil control valve assembly
         	Mass air flow meter malfunction	Mass air flow meter
         The initial combustion and starter assembly turnoff occur late	Engine coolant temperature sensor malfunction	Engine coolant temperature sensor	58 to 71
         	Mass air flow meter malfunction	Mass air flow meter
         	Abnormal A/F learned value	Air fuel ratio sensor
         	Deviation from fuel injection characteristics	Fuel injector assembly
         	Wet-fouled or dry-fouled spark plug	Spark plug
         	Lack of fuel pressure	Pressure regulator Fuel pump Fuel pump control system

      2. Systems to Inspect

         Troubleshooting by System	Suspected Area	Suspected Component	Procedure
         Fuel system troubleshooting A	Abnormal A/F learned value	Fuel injector assembly	87 to 94 95 to 102
         	Rough idling	Crankshaft position sensor
         	Abnormal fuel pressure	Fuel Fuel leak from fuel line Fuel pump Pressure regulator
         Fuel system troubleshooting B	Abnormal concentration of HC in surge tank	Purge VSV system Fuel injector assembly	103 to 105
         Fuel system troubleshooting C	Injection signal system malfunction	Fuel injector assembly Crankshaft position sensor VVT sensor ECM	73 to 77
         Intake system troubleshooting	Difference between ISC target value and opening angle when idling	Engine assembly (compression loss) Valve timing Engine coolant temperature sensor ECM	84 to 86 106 to 108
         Ignition system troubleshooting	Camshaft and/or crankshaft position sensor signal malfunction	Crankshaft position sensor system (including sensor installation) VVT sensor system (including sensor installation) ECM	78 to 83 109 to 114

PROCEDURE

1. Click here

   CHECK FOR ANY OTHER DTCS OUTPUT AND RECORD FREEZE FRAME DATA

   
   

   1. Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.

   2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

   3. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Trouble Codes.

   4. 

      Read the DTCs and record the freeze frame data.

      Tip:
      

      • This freeze frame data shows the actual engine conditions when engine starting trouble occurred.

      • When confirming the freeze frame data, be sure to check all 5 data sets of freeze frame data.

      • The fourth set of freeze frame data is the data recorded when the DTC is stored.

      Table 1. Result

      Result	Proceed to
      Only DTC P1604 is output	A
      DTCs other than P1604 are output	B

   
   
   • AClick here
   • BClick here
2. Click here

   CHECK ENGINE IMMOBILISER SYSTEM

   
   

   1. Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.

   2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

   3. Turn the intelligent tester on.

   4. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Data List / All Data / Immobiliser Fuel Cut.

   5. Read the value displayed on the intelligent tester.

      OK
      Immobiliser Fuel Cut is OFF.

      Tip:
      

      • If the engine is started immediately after reconnecting the battery terminal, the engine may stall immediately after it starts due to the intercommunication process between each ECU. For this reason, when starting the engine after reconnecting the battery terminal, first turn the ignition switch to ON and then wait several seconds for the communication process to complete before starting the engine.

      • When this operation causes DTC P1604 to be stored, this is due to normal operation of the immobiliser system and does not indicate a malfunction, so clear the DTC and return the vehicle to the customer.

      Table 2. Result

      Result	Proceed to
      OK	A
      NG (w/ Entry and Start System)	B
      NG (w/o Entry and Start System)	C

   
   
   • AClick here
   • BClick here
   • CClick here
3. Click here

   CHECK MALFUNCTION CONDITION

   
   

   1. Confirm the problem symptoms.

      Table 3. Result

      Result	Proceed to
      Freeze frame data exists, but the starting difficulty cannot be reproduced and it is unknown what kind of starting difficulty occurred	A
      The problem symptoms can be reproduced, or the malfunction conditions are known	B

   
   
   • AClick here
   • BClick here
4. Click here

   CHECK FREEZE FRAME DATA

   
   

   1. Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.

   2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

   3. Using the intelligent tester, confirm the vehicle conditions recorded in the freeze frame data which were present when the DTC was stored (Click here).

      Table 4. Result

      Freeze Frame Data Item		Suspected Area	Proceed to
      Engine Speed	Battery Voltage
      All 5 sets of freeze frame data are 0 rpm (no engine cranking at all)	Minimum voltage is below 5 V	Battery fully depleted	A
      	Minimum voltage is 5 V or higher	Starter assembly malfunction Crankshaft position sensor system Excess engine friction Immobiliser system ECM	B
      60 to 250 rpm (engine cranks but no initial combustion)	-	Fuel pump control system Ignition system Engine coolant temperature sensor Immobiliser system Fuel injection system	C
      250 rpm or higher (combustion occurs but initial combustion and starter assembly turnoff occur late)	-	Engine assembly Fuel injection system Fuel pump control system	D

      Tip:

      When DTC P1604 is stored, either "Engine Start Hesitation"*1 or "Low Rev for Eng Start"*2 in the freeze frame data will be ON. If "Low Rev for Eng Start" is ON, proceed to E.

      *1: This value turns ON when the engine speed does not reach a certain value for a certain period of time when starting the engine.

      *2: This value turns ON when the engine stalls immediately after starting the engine. If "Low Rev for Eng Start" is ON, as there is a possibility that the low engine speed or engine stall was caused by the user, confirm the following freeze frame data items.

      
      

      • Immobiliser Fuel Cut

      • Engine Speed (starter assembly off)

      • Shift SW Status (R, D)

   
   
   • AClick here
   • BClick here
   • CClick here
   • DClick here
   • EClick here
5. Click here

   CHECK FREEZE FRAME DATA

   
   

   1. Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.

   2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

   3. Using the intelligent tester, confirm the vehicle conditions recorded in the freeze frame data which were present when the DTC was stored (Click here).

      Table 5. Result

      Freeze Frame Data Item	Result	Suspected Area	Proceed to
      Battery Voltage	Minimum voltage is 6 V or higher and voltage does not fluctuate*1	Starter system	A
      	Minimum voltage is 6 V or higher and voltage fluctuates*2, *3	Crankshaft position sensor system ECM	B
      	Minimum voltage is 5 to 6 V*4	Excess engine friction Battery fully depleted	C

      Tip:
      

      • 

        *1: The 5 sets of freeze frame data show approximately the same battery voltage.

      • *2: The 5 sets of freeze frame data show different battery voltages.

      • *3: If the voltage fluctuates, it can be determined that cranking is being performed. When the engine speed is 0 rpm, the crankshaft position sensor system and/or the ECM may be malfunctioning.

      • *4: There may be excess engine friction. Make sure that the crankshaft rotates smoothly when turning it by hand. Excess engine friction may have occurred temporarily. Remove the cylinder head cover and oil pan, and check for foreign matter such as iron fragments. If there is a malfunction or signs of a malfunction present, perform a detailed inspection by disassembling all the parts.

   
   
   • AClick here
   • BClick here
   • CClick here
6. Click here

   CHECK SENSOR INSTALLATION

   
   

   1. Check the tightening and installation condition of the crankshaft position sensor bolt.

   2. Check the connection of the crankshaft position sensor connector.

      Table 6. Result

      Result	Proceed to
      Normal	A
      Abnormal	B

   
   
   • AClick here
   • BClick here
7. Click here

   CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR

   
   

   1. Disconnect the crankshaft position sensor connector.

   2. Check for oil on the connector terminals.

      OK
      No oil on the terminals.

   
   
   • OKClick here
   • NGClick here
8. Click here

   CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR - ECM)

   
   

   1. Disconnect the crankshaft position sensor connector.

   2. Disconnect the ECM connector.

   3. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.

      Standard Resistance
      Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition C14-1 (NE+) - C34-6 (NE+) Always Below 1 Ω C14-2 (NE-) - C34-5 (NE-) Always Below 1 Ω C14-1 (NE+) or C34-6 (NE+) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher C14-2 (NE-) or C34-5 (NE-) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher

      Tip:
      

      • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

      • Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.

   
   
   • OKClick here
   • NGClick here
9. Click here

   CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR

   
   

   1. Replace the crankshaft position sensor (Click here).

   2. Check the engine start operation.

      OK
      Malfunction has been repaired successfully.

   
   
   • OKClick here
   • NGClick here
10. Click here

    CHECK FREEZE FRAME DATA

    
    

    1. Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Using the intelligent tester, confirm the vehicle conditions recorded in the freeze frame data which were present when the DTC was stored (Click here).

       Table 7. Result

       Freeze Frame Data Item			Suspected Area	Proceed to
       Coolant Temp, Ambient Temperature, Intake Air	Coolant Temp, Ambient Temperature	Fuel Pump/Speed Status
       Difference between Coolant Temp, Ambient Temperature and Intake Air is 10°C or more*1	Coolant Temp is 125°C or higher, or lower than Ambient Temperature by 15°C or more	-	Engine coolant temperature sensor	A
       	Other than above	All 5 sets of freeze frame data are ON	-	B
       		At least 1 of the 5 sets of freeze frame data is OFF	Fuel pump control system	C
       Difference between Coolant Temp, Ambient Temperature and Intake Air is less than 10°C*2	-	At least 1 of the 5 sets of freeze frame data is OFF	Fuel pump control system	C
       		All 5 sets of freeze frame data are ON	-	B

       Tip:
       

       • *1: A long time had not elapsed after stopping the engine.

       • *2: A long time had elapsed after stopping the engine.

    
    
    • AClick here
    • BClick here
    • CClick here
11. Click here

    PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING INTELLIGENT TESTER (CONTROL THE FUEL PUMP / SPEED)

    
    

    1. Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.

    2. Disconnect the connector from the fuel suction tube.

    3. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    4. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Active Test / Control the Fuel Pump / Speed.

    5. 

       Measure the voltage according to the value(s) in the table below.

       Standard Voltage
       Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition S5-4 - Body ground Active Test is being performed 11 to 14 V

       Table 8. Text in Illustration

       *a	Front view of wire harness connector (to Fuel Pump)

       Tip:
       

       • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

       • Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
12. Click here

    CHECK TERMINAL VOLTAGE (FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY POWER SOURCE)

    
    

    1. Disconnect the fuel injector assembly connector.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Measure the voltage according to the value(s) in the table below.

       Standard Voltage
       Tester Connection Switch Condition Specified Condition C1-1 - Body ground Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V C2-1 - Body ground Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V C3-1 - Body ground Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V C4-1 - Body ground Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V C5-1 - Body ground Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V C6-1 - Body ground Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V

       Table 9. Text in Illustration

       *a	Front view of wire harness connector (to Fuel Injector Assembly)

       Tip:
       

       • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

       • Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
13. Click here

    PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING INTELLIGENT TESTER (CONTROL THE FUEL PUMP / SPEED)

    
    

    1. Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Active Test / Control the Fuel Pump / Speed.

    4. When performing the Active Test, check for fuel leakage from the fuel pipes.

       Table 10. Result

       Result	Proceed to
       Fuel leakage or signs of fuel leakage are present	A
       No fuel leakage or signs of fuel leakage	B

       Tip:
       

       • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

       • When performing the Active Test, if there is no operating noise from the fuel pump, the fuel pump system may be malfunctioning.

       • Check if the vehicle ran out of fuel, as engine starting trouble due to running out of fuel is also detected.

    
    
    • AClick here
    • BClick here
14. Click here

    CHECK FUEL SYSTEM

    
    

    1. Check for foreign matter such as iron particles around the fuel pump (fuel pump, fuel pump filter, and inside the fuel tank), and for signs that the fuel pump was stuck.

       Table 11. Result

       Result	Proceed to
       There is foreign matter or signs that fuel pump was stuck	A
       There is no foreign matter and no signs that fuel pump was stuck	B

    
    
    • AClick here
    • BClick here
15. Click here

    CHECK FREEZE FRAME DATA

    
    

    1. Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Using the intelligent tester, confirm the vehicle conditions recorded in the freeze frame data which were present when the DTC was stored (Click here).

       Table 12. Result

       Freeze Frame Data Item				Suspected Area	Proceed to
       Coolant Temp, Ambient Temperature, Intake Air	Coolant Temp, Ambient Temperature	Long FT	Engine Speed
       Difference between Coolant Temp, Ambient Temperature and Intake Air is 10°C or more	Coolant Temp is 125°C or higher, or lower than Ambient Temperature by 15°C or more	-	-	Engine coolant temperature sensor	A
       	Other than above	-15% or less, or +15% or more	-	Fuel pump control system Fuel injector assembly	B
       		-15 to +15%	Minimum speed is 300 rpm or more*1	Engine assembly	C
       			Minimum speed is less than 300 rpm	Fuel system Intake air system	D
       Difference between Coolant Temp, Ambient Temperature and Intake Air is less than 10°C	-	-15% or less, or +15% or more	-	Fuel pump control system Fuel injector assembly	B
       		-15 to +15%	Minimum speed is 300 rpm or more*1	Engine assembly	C
       			Minimum speed is less than 300 rpm	Fuel system Intake air system	D

       Tip:

       *1: Compression loss may have occurred in the engine assembly.

    
    
    • AClick here
    • BClick here
    • CClick here
    • DClick here
16. Click here

    INSPECT FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY

    
    

    1. Check that no carbon is stuck to the fuel injector assembly.

       OK
       No carbon present.

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
17. Click here

    CHECK FUEL SYSTEM

    
    

    1. Check for foreign matter such as iron particles around the fuel pump (fuel pump, fuel pump filter, and inside the fuel tank), and for signs that the fuel pump was stuck.

       Table 13. Result

       Result	Proceed to
       There is foreign matter or signs that fuel pump was stuck	A
       There is no foreign matter and no signs that fuel pump was stuck	B

    
    
    • AClick here
    • BClick here
18. Click here

    CHECK FREEZE FRAME DATA

    
    

    1. Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Using the intelligent tester, confirm the vehicle conditions recorded in the freeze frame data which were present when the DTC was stored (Click here).

       Table 14. Result

       Freeze Frame Data Item	Result	Suspected Area	Proceed to
       Coolant Temp	Engine coolant temperature is 40°C or less*1	Pressure regulator	A
       	Engine coolant temperature is 40 to 90°C*2	Fuel injector assembly	B
       	Engine coolant temperature is 90°C or higher*3	Pressure regulator	A

       Tip:

       *1: If the engine coolant temperature is 40°C or less (after stopping the engine and the vehicle has not been driven for a long period of time), the pressure regulator may be stuck open. Attach a fuel pressure gauge and check the ability of the system to maintain fuel pressure after stopping the engine.

       *2: If the engine coolant temperature is 40 to 90°C (15 to 120 minutes have passed after stopping the engine), there may be fuel leaking from a fuel injector assembly.

       *3: If the engine coolant temperature is 90°C or more (2 to 5 minutes have passed after stopping the engine), there may be a problem with the pressure regulator failing to maintain the fuel pressure. Attach a fuel pressure gauge and check the ability of the system to maintain fuel pressure after stopping the engine.

    
    
    • AClick here
    • BClick here
19. Click here

    CHECK FUEL PRESSURE

    Tip:

    For the fuel pressure inspection, refer to the following procedures (Click here).

    
    

    1. Attach a fuel pressure gauge and check the fuel pressure after stopping the engine.

       Standard
       147 kPa (1.5 kgf/cm2) or higher (5 minutes after stopping the engine)

       Tip:

       If the engine cannot be started, read the values after cranking the engine.

       Table 15. Result

       Result	Proceed to
       Normal	A
       Abnormal	B

    
    
    • AClick here
    • BClick here
20. Click here

    CHECK FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY

    
    

    1. Clean the inside of the surge tank with compressed air.

    2. After stopping the engine, measure the HC concentration inside the surge tank for 15 minutes.

       Table 16. Result

       Result	Proceed to
       4000 ppm or more	A
       Less than 4000 ppm	B

       Tip:

       If the concentration is 4000 ppm or more, a fuel injector assembly may have a sealing problem.

    
    
    • AClick here
    • BClick here
21. Click here

    CHECK FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY

    
    

    1. Inspect the fuel injector assemblies (Click here).

       Table 17. Result

       Result	Proceed to
       Abnormal	A
       Normal	B

    
    
    • AClick here
    • BClick here
22. Click here

    CHECK THROTTLE BODY ASSEMBLY

    
    

    1. Check if carbon is in the air flow passage.

       Table 18. Result

       Result	Proceed to
       Carbon in passage	A
       No carbon present	B

    
    
    • AClick here
    • BClick here
23. Click here

    CHECK INTAKE SYSTEM

    
    

    1. Check the intake system for vacuum leaks (Click here).

       OK
       No leaks in intake system.

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
24. Click here

    PERFORM SIMULATION TEST

    
    

    1. Check if the engine can be started.

       Table 19. Result

       Result	Proceed to
       Engine can be started	A
       Engine cannot be started	B

    
    
    • AClick here
    • BClick here
25. Click here

    CONFIRM PROBLEM SYMPTOM

    
    

    1. Confirm the problem symptoms.

       Tip:

       The problem symptoms below can be determined by reading the freeze frame data.

       Table 20. Result

       Problem Symptom	Suspected Area	Proceed to
       The engine does not crank	Battery fully depleted Starter assembly (includes pinion gear wear or tooth damage) Starter system Engine assembly (excess friction) Drive plate wear or tooth damage	A
       Abnormal cranking speed	Battery fully depleted Starter assembly Engine assembly (excess friction, compression loss)	B
       There is no initial combustion (combustion does not occur even once)*1	Pressure regulator fuel pressure maintenance Fuel injector assembly leak Fuel leak from fuel line Fuel pump control system Fuel pump Spark plug Crankshaft position sensor system Ignition coil assembly system	C
       The engine stalls after starter assembly turnoff (engine stalls immediately after the first time the engine speed increases)*2	Intake system connections Throttle body assembly Camshaft timing oil control valve Mass air flow meter system	D
       The initial combustion and starter assembly turnoff occur late*3	Engine coolant temperature sensor Mass air flow meter Air fuel ratio sensor Heated oxygen sensor Fuel injector assembly Spark plug Pressure regulator Fuel pump Fuel pump control system	E

       Tip:
       

       • If there is hesitation (cranking speed is slow and combustion occurs before passing TDC) during the initial cranking period, the battery charge may be insufficient or the starter assembly may be malfunctioning.

       • *1: If there is no initial combustion, a wire harness may be malfunctioning, or the ignition or fuel system may be malfunctioning.

       • *2: If the engine stalls after starter assembly turnoff, the air-fuel ratio may be incorrect or the camshaft timing oil control valve may have a problem returning.

       • *3: If the initial combustion and starter assembly turnoff occur late, the fuel injection volume may be incorrect (too low or too high).

    
    
    • AClick here
    • BClick here
    • CClick here
    • DClick here
    • EClick here
26. Click here

    PERFORM SIMULATION TEST

    
    

    1. When cranking the engine, check for a noise indicating that the starter assembly pinion gear is extending, and check that the starter assembly pinion gear is not spinning freely.

       Table 21. Result

       Problem Symptom	Suspected Area	Proceed to
       A noise indicating that the starter assembly pinion gear is extending is heard and the starter assembly pinion gear is not spinning freely*1	Battery Excess engine friction Starter assembly	A
       A noise indicating that the starter assembly pinion gear is extending is heard but the starter assembly pinion gear is spinning freely	Drive plate Starter assembly	B
       A noise indicating that the starter assembly pinion gear is extending is not heard	Battery Starter assembly Starter system	C

       Tip:

       *1: The battery may be fully depleted or there may be excess engine friction.

    
    
    • AClick here
    • BClick here
    • CClick here
27. Click here

    INSPECT BATTERY

    
    
    1. 

       Check the electrolyte quantity.

       Standard
       Electrolyte quantity is within the specified range.

    2. Inspect the specific gravity.

       
       

       1. Inspect the specific gravity of each cell.

          Standard specific gravity
          1.25 to 1.29 (electrolyte is at 20°C (68°F))

          Tip:
          

          • If the result is not as specified, recharge or replace the battery.

          • It is not necessary to inspect a maintenance-free battery.

    3. Inspect the battery voltage.

       
       

       1. Turn the ignition switch off and turn on the headlights for 20 to 30 seconds. This will remove the surface charge from the battery.

       2. Measure the battery voltage.

          Standard voltage
          12.5 to 12.9 V (electrolyte is at 20°C (68°F))

          Tip:

          If the result is not as specified, recharge or replace the battery.

       3. Measure the battery voltage when cranking the engine.

          Standard
          Approximately 6 V or higher (0°C (32°F) or higher)

          Tip:

          When the battery is depleted, the horn becomes quieter.

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
28. Click here

    CHECK ENGINE ASSEMBLY

    
    

    1. Check that the crankshaft rotates smoothly when rotating it by hand.

       OK
       Crankshaft rotates smoothly.

       Tip:

       Excess engine friction may have occurred temporarily. Remove the cylinder head cover and oil pan, and check for foreign matter such as iron fragments. If there is a malfunction or signs of a malfunction present, perform a detailed inspection by disassembling all the parts.

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
29. Click here

    CHECK STARTER ASSEMBLY

    
    

    1. Remove the starter assembly (Click here).

    2. Check for starter assembly pinion gear wear and damage.

       OK
       There is no wear or damage.

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
30. Click here

    INSPECT BATTERY

    
    
    1. 

       Check the electrolyte quantity.

       Standard
       Electrolyte quantity is within the specified range.

    2. Inspect the specific gravity.

       
       

       1. Inspect the specific gravity of each cell.

          Standard specific gravity
          1.25 to 1.29 (electrolyte is at 20°C (68°F))

          Tip:
          

          • If the result is not as specified, recharge or replace the battery.

          • It is not necessary to inspect a maintenance-free battery.

    3. Inspect the battery voltage.

       
       

       1. Turn the ignition switch off and turn on the headlights for 20 to 30 seconds. This will remove the surface charge from the battery.

       2. Measure the battery voltage.

          Standard voltage
          12.5 to 12.9 V (electrolyte is at 20°C (68°F))

          Tip:

          If the result is not as specified, recharge or replace the battery.

       3. Measure the battery voltage when cranking the engine.

          Standard voltage
          Approximately 6 V or higher (0°C (32°F) or higher)

          Tip:

          When the battery is depleted, the horn becomes quieter.

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
31. Click here

    INSPECT STARTER ASSEMBLY

    
    

    1. Inspect the starter assembly (Click here).

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
32. Click here

    PERFORM SIMULATION TEST

    
    

    1. Check the cranking speed.

       Table 22. Result

       Problem Symptom	Suspected Area	Proceed to
       Cranking speed is slow (100 rpm or less)	Battery Starter assembly Excess engine friction	A
       Cranking speed is fast (300 rpm or more)*1	Engine compression loss	B

       Tip:

       *1: If the cranking speed is fast, there may be compression loss.

    
    
    • AClick here
    • BClick here
33. Click here

    INSPECT BATTERY

    
    
    1. 

       Check the electrolyte quantity.

       OK
       Electrolyte quantity is within the specified range.

    2. Inspect the specific gravity.

       
       

       1. Inspect the specific gravity of each cell.

          Standard specific gravity
          1.25 to 1.29 (electrolyte is at 20°C (68°F))

          Tip:
          

          • If the result is not as specified, recharge or replace the battery.

          • It is not necessary to inspect a maintenance-free battery.

    3. Inspect the battery voltage.

       
       

       1. Turn the ignition switch off and turn on the headlights for 20 to 30 seconds. This will remove the surface charge from the battery.

       2. Measure the battery voltage.

          Standard voltage
          12.5 to 12.9 V (electrolyte is at 20°C (68°F))

          Tip:

          If the result is not as specified, recharge or replace the battery.

       3. Measure the battery voltage when cranking the engine.

          Standard
          Approximately 6 V or higher (0°C (32°F) or higher)

          Tip:

          When the battery is depleted, the horn becomes quieter.

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
34. Click here

    CHECK ENGINE

    
    

    1. Check that the crankshaft rotates smoothly when rotating it by hand.

       OK
       Crankshaft rotates smoothly.

       Tip:

       Excess engine friction may have occurred temporarily. Remove the cylinder head cover and oil pan, and check for foreign matter such as iron fragments. If there is a malfunction or signs of a malfunction present, perform a detailed inspection by disassembling all the parts.

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
35. Click here

    CHECK FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY

    
    

    1. Using a sound scope or screwdriver, check for fuel injector assembly operating noise while cranking the engine.

       OK
       Fuel injector assembly operating noise is heard.

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
36. Click here

    CHECK FUEL PRESSURE

    
    

    1. Inspect the fuel pressure (Click here).

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
37. Click here

    CHECK SPARK PLUG AND SPARK

    
    

    1. Check for sparks (Click here).

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
38. Click here

    CONFIRM VEHICLE CONDITION

    
    

    1. Confirm the conditions present when the malfunction occurred based on the customer problem analysis.

       Table 23. Result

       Problem Symptom	Suspected Area	Proceed to
       When the engine is stopped and a long time has passed, engine starting trouble occurs*1	Pressure regulator is stuck open	A
       When the engine is stopped and approximately 15 to 120 minutes have passed, engine starting trouble occurs*2	Fuel injector assembly leak	B
       When the engine is stopped and approximately 2 to 3 minutes have passed, engine starting trouble occurs*3	Failure to maintain fuel pressure by pressure regulator	A
       Condition other than above, or there is an inconsistency in the conditions present when engine starting trouble occurs	-	C*4

       Tip:

       *1: The pressure regulator may be stuck open. Attach a fuel pressure gauge and check the ability of the system to maintain fuel pressure after stopping the engine.

       *2: Fuel may be leaking from a fuel injector assembly.

       *3: The pressure regulator may not be able to maintain the fuel pressure. Attach a fuel pressure gauge and check the ability of the pressure regulator to maintain fuel pressure after stopping the engine.

       *4: From step 72, perform fuel system troubleshooting C (steps 73 to 77).

    
    
    • AClick here
    • BClick here
    • CClick here
39. Click here

    CHECK FUEL PRESSURE

    Tip:

    For the fuel pressure inspection, refer to the following procedures (Click here).

    
    

    1. Attach a fuel pressure gauge and check the fuel pressure after stopping the engine.

       Table 24. Result

       Result	Proceed to
       147 kPa (1.5 kgf/cm2) or higher (5 minutes after stopping the engine)	A*1
       Below 147 kPa (1.5 kgf/cm2) (5 minutes after stopping the engine)	B

       Tip:
       

       • If the engine cannot be started, check the fuel pressure after cranking the engine.

       • *1: From step 72, perform fuel system troubleshooting C (steps 73 to 77).

    
    
    • AClick here
    • BClick here
40. Click here

    CHECK FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY

    
    

    1. After stopping the engine, measure the HC concentration inside the surge tank for 15 minutes.

       Table 25. Result

       Result	Proceed to
       4000 ppm or more	A
       Less than 4000 ppm	B*1

       Tip:
       

       • If the concentration is 4000 ppm or more, a fuel injector assembly may have a sealing problem.

       • *1: From step 72, perform fuel system troubleshooting C (steps 73 to 77).

    
    
    • AClick here
    • BClick here
41. Click here

    CHECK SPARK PLUG

    
    

    1. Inspect the spark plugs (Click here).

       Tip:

       Even if the spark plug of only one cylinder is malfunctioning, replace the spark plugs of all cylinders.

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
42. Click here

    READ VALUE USING INTELLIGENT TESTER (ENGINE SPEED)

    
    

    1. Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Data List / Engine Speed.

    4. Start the engine.

    5. While running the engine, read the value of Engine Speed.

       Standard
       A value that matches the actual engine speed is constantly output.

       Tip:
       

       • Check the engine speed using a line graph.

       • If the engine cannot be started, check the engine speed while cranking the engine.

       • If the engine speed is 0 rpm, the crankshaft position sensor may have an open or short circuit.

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
43. Click here

    CHECK TERMINAL VOLTAGE (IGNITION COIL ASSEMBLY POWER SOURCE)

    
    

    1. Disconnect the Ignition coil assembly with igniter connector.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Measure the voltage according to the value(s) in the table below.

       Standard Voltage
       Tester Connection Switch Condition Specified Condition C7-1 (+B) - C7-4 (GND) Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V C8-1 (+B) - C8-4 (GND) Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V C9-1 (+B) - C9-4 (GND) Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V C10-1 (+B) - C10-4 (GND) Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V C11-1 (+B) - C11-4 (GND) Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V C12-1 (+B) - C12-4 (GND) Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V

       Table 26. Text in Illustration

       *a	Front view of wire harness connector (to Ignition Coil Assembly)

       Tip:
       

       • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

       • Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
44. Click here

    CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (IGNITION COIL ASSEMBLY - ECM)

    
    

    1. Disconnect the ignition coil assembly with igniter connector.

    2. Disconnect the ECM connector.

    3. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.

       Standard Resistance

       Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition C7-2 (IGF) - C36-6 (IGF1) Always Below 1 Ω C8-2 (IGF) - C36-6 (IGF1) Always Below 1 Ω C9-2 (IGF) - C36-6 (IGF1) Always Below 1 Ω C10-2 (IGF) - C36-6 (IGF1) Always Below 1 Ω C11-2 (IGF) - C36-6 (IGF1) Always Below 1 Ω C12-2 (IGF) - C36-6 (IGF1) Always Below 1 Ω C7-2 (IGF) or C36-6 (IGF1) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher C8-2 (IGF) or C36-6 (IGF1) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher C9-2 (IGF) or C36-6 (IGF1) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher C10-2 (IGF) or C36-6 (IGF1) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher C11-2 (IGF) or C36-6 (IGF1) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher C12-2 (IGF) or C36-6 (IGF1) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher

       Tip:
       

       • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

       • Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
45. Click here

    CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (IGNITION COIL ASSEMBLY - ECM)

    
    

    1. Disconnect the ignition coil assembly with igniter connector.

    2. Disconnect the ECM connector.

    3. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.

       Standard Resistance

       Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition C7-3 (IGT1) - C36-24 (IGT1) Always Below 1 Ω C8-3 (IGT2) - C36-25 (IGT2) Always Below 1 Ω C9-3 (IGT3) - C36-26 (IGT3) Always Below 1 Ω C10-3 (IGT4) - C36-27 (IGT4) Always Below 1 Ω C11-3 (IGT5) - C36-28 (IGT5) Always Below 1 Ω C12-3 (IGT6) - C35-25 (IGT6) Always Below 1 Ω C7-3 (IGT1) or C36-24 (IGT1) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher C8-3 (IGT2) or C36-25 (IGT2) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher C9-3 (IGT3) or C36-26 (IGT3) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher C10-3 (IGT4) or C36-27 (IGT4) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher C11-3 (IGT5) or C36-28 (IGT5) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher C12-3 (IGT6) or C35-25 (IGT6) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher

       Tip:
       

       • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

       • Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.

       • If the wire harness is normal, after replacing the ignition coil assembly, check if engine starting trouble occurs again. If engine starting trouble occurs again, proceed to step 72 and perform troubleshooting for the ignition system (steps 78 to 83).

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
46. Click here

    PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING INTELLIGENT TESTER (CONTROL THE FUEL PUMP / SPEED)

    
    

    1. Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Active Test / Control the Fuel Pump / Speed.

    4. When performing the Active Test, check for an operating sound from the fuel pump.

       Standard
       Control the Fuel Pump / Speed Specified Condition ON Operating sound heard OFF Operating sound not heard

       Tip:

       Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
47. Click here

    PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING INTELLIGENT TESTER (CONTROL THE FUEL PUMP / SPEED)

    
    

    1. Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Active Test / Control the Fuel Pump / Speed.

    4. When performing the Active Test, check for fuel leakage from the fuel pipes.

       Table 27. Result

       Result	Proceed to
       Fuel leakage or signs of fuel leakage are present	A
       No fuel leakage or signs of fuel leakage	B

       Tip:
       

       • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

       • Check if the vehicle ran out of fuel, as engine starting trouble due to running out of fuel is also detected.

       • If there are no fuel leaks, after inspecting the fuel pump control system, check if engine starting trouble occurs again. If engine starting trouble occurs again, proceed to step 72 and perform fuel system troubleshooting (steps 73 to 77).

    
    
    • AClick here
    • BClick here
48. Click here

    READ VALUE USING INTELLIGENT TESTER (ENGINE SPEED)

    
    

    1. Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Data List / Engine Speed.

    4. Start the engine.

    5. While running the engine, read the value of Engine Speed.

       Standard
       A value that matches the actual engine speed is constantly output.

       Tip:
       

       • Check the engine speed using a line graph.

       • If the engine cannot be started, check the engine speed while cranking the engine.

       • If the engine speed is 0 rpm, the crankshaft position sensor may have an open or short circuit.

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
49. Click here

    CHECK TERMINAL VOLTAGE (FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY POWER SOURCE)

    
    

    1. Disconnect the fuel injector assembly connector.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Measure the voltage according to the value(s) in the table below.

       Standard Voltage
       Tester Connection Switch Condition Specified Condition C1-1 - Body ground Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V C2-1 - Body ground Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V C3-1 - Body ground Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V C4-1 - Body ground Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V C5-1 - Body ground Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V C6-1 - Body ground Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V

       Table 28. Text in Illustration

       *a	Front view of wire harness connector (to Fuel Injector Assembly)

       Tip:
       

       • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

       • Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
50. Click here

    CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY - ECM)

    
    

    1. Disconnect the fuel injector assembly connector.

    2. Disconnect the ECM connector.

    3. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.

       Standard Resistance

       Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition C1-2 - C37-6 (#10) Always Below 1 Ω C2-2 - C37-1 (#20) Always Below 1 Ω C3-2 - C37-7 (#30) Always Below 1 Ω C4-2 - C37-2 (#40) Always Below 1 Ω C5-2 - C37-8 (#50) Always Below 1 Ω C6-2 - C37-3 (#60) Always Below 1 Ω C1-2 or C37-6 (#10) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher C2-2 or C37-1 (#20) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher C3-2 or C37-7 (#30) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher C4-2 or C37-2 (#40) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher C5-2 or C37-8 (#50) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher C6-2 or C37-3 (#60) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher

       Tip:
       

       • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

       • Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
51. Click here

    CHECK MASS AIR FLOW METER

    
    

    1. Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.

    2. Start the engine and warm it up until the engine coolant temperature reaches 75°C (167°F) or higher.

       Tip:

       The A/C switch and all accessory switches should be off, and the shift lever should be in N or P.

    3. Turn the intelligent tester on.

    4. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Data List / MAF.

    5. Check the mass air flow meter value in the Data List during idling.

       Standard
       2.5 to 4.7 g/sec.

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
52. Click here

    CHECK INTAKE SYSTEM

    
    

    1. Check for air leakage in the intake system [vacuum hose disconnection, cracks, damaged gaskets, etc.] (Click here).

       Tip:
       

       • If the accelerator pedal is released after racing the engine, the inspection is easier to perform because the vacuum inside the intake manifold increases and the air suction noise becomes louder.

       • If Short FT and Long FT are largely different from the normal values (differ by more than 15%) when idling (intake air volume is small) and almost the same as the normal values when racing the engine (for example, when maintaining a speed of 3000 rpm) (intake air volume is high), air leakage may be present.

       OK
       There is no air leakage.

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
53. Click here

    CHECK THROTTLE BODY ASSEMBLY

    
    

    1. Disconnect the throttle body assembly connector.

       Tip:

       When the connector is disconnected, the vehicle enters fail-safe mode and the throttle valve opening angle is 4 to 7°.

    2. Crank the engine and check that it starts.

       Table 29. Result

       Result	Proceed to
       Engine starts	A
       Engine does not start	B

    3. Connect the throttle body assembly connector.

       Tip:

       When this inspection is performed, the MIL may illuminate. After finishing the inspection, check and clear DTCs (Click here).

    
    
    • AClick here
    • BClick here
54. Click here

    CHECK THROTTLE BODY ASSEMBLY

    
    

    1. Check if carbon is in the air flow passage.

       OK
       No carbon present.

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
55. Click here

    PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING INTELLIGENT TESTER (CONTROL THE VVT SYSTEM)

    
    

    1. Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the intelligent tester on.

    3. Warm up the engine.

    4. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Active Test / Control the VVT System (Bank 1) or Control the VVT System (Bank 2).

       Tip:

       When performing the Active Test, make sure the A/C is on and the shift lever is in P or N.

    5. Check the engine speed while operating the Oil Control Valve (OCV) using the intelligent tester.

       OK
       Tester Operation Specified Condition OFF Normal engine speed ON Soon after OCV switched from OFF to ON, engine idles roughly or stalls

       Table 30. Result

       Result	Proceed to
       NG	A
       OK*1	B

       Tip:
       

       • *1: From step 72, perform intake system troubleshooting (steps 84 to 86). If engine starting trouble still occurs, perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 87 to 94).

       • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

       • When the results of the inspection using the Active Test are normal but the valve operating noise is abnormal, check the valve for any signs of problems.

       • If the camshaft timing oil control valve assembly is stuck on, the valve overlap increases and combustion worsens due to the internal EGR which may cause the engine to stall.

    
    
    • AClick here
    • BClick here
56. Click here

    PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING INTELLIGENT TESTER (CONTROL THE VVT EXHAUST LINEAR)

    
    

    1. Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the intelligent tester on.

    3. Warm up the engine.

    4. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Active Test / Control the VVT Exhaust Linear (Bank1) or Control the VVT Exhaust Linear (Bank2).

       Tip:

       When performing the Active Test, make sure the A/C is on and the shift lever is in P or N.

    5. Check the engine speed while operating the Oil Control Valve (OCV) using the intelligent tester.

       OK*1
       Tester Operation Specified Condition 0% Normal engine speed 100% Engine idles roughly or stalls

       Tip:
       

       • *1: From step 72, perform intake system troubleshooting (steps 84 to 86). If engine starting trouble still occurs, perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 87 to 94).

       • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

       • When the results of the inspection using the Active Test are normal but the valve operating noise is abnormal, check the valve for any signs of problems.

       • If the camshaft timing oil control valve assembly is stuck on, the valve overlap increases and combustion worsens due to the internal EGR which may cause the engine to stall.

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
57. Click here

    CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (MASS AIR FLOW METER - ECM)

    
    

    1. Disconnect the mass air flow meter connector.

    2. Disconnect the ECM connector.

    3. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.

       Standard Resistance
       Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition C33-5 (VG) - C35-14 (VG) Always Below 1 Ω C33-4 (E2G) - C35-13 (E2G) Always Below 1 Ω C33-5 (VG) or C35-14 (VG) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher

       Tip:
       

       • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

       • Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.

       • If the wire harness is normal, after replacing the mass air flow meter, check if engine starting trouble occurs again. If engine starting trouble occurs again, proceed to step 72 and perform intake system troubleshooting (steps 84 to 86). If engine starting trouble still occurs, perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 87 to 94).

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
58. Click here

    INSPECT ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR

    
    

    1. Inspect the engine coolant temperature sensor (Click here).

       Tip:

       If the engine coolant temperature sensor is malfunctioning, after replacing it, check if engine starting trouble occurs again. If engine starting trouble occurs, replace the ECM. If engine starting trouble still occurs, proceed to step 72 and perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 95 to 102), fuel system troubleshooting B (steps 103 to 105), intake system troubleshooting (steps 106 to 108), and ignition system troubleshooting (steps 109 to 114), in that order.

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
59. Click here

    CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR - ECM)

    
    

    1. Disconnect the engine coolant temperature sensor connector.

    2. Disconnect the ECM connector.

    3. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.

       Standard Resistance
       Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition C24-2 - C36-17 (THW) Always Below 1 Ω C24-1 - C35-8 (ETHW) Always Below 1 Ω C24-2 or C36-17 (THW) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher C24-1 or C35-8 (ETHW) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher

       Tip:
       

       • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

       • Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.

       • If the wire harness or connector is malfunctioning, after replacing or repairing it, check if engine starting trouble occurs again. If engine starting trouble occurs, replace the ECM. If engine starting trouble still occurs, proceed to step 72 and perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 95 to 102), fuel system troubleshooting B (steps 103 to 105), intake system troubleshooting (steps 106 to 108), and ignition system troubleshooting (steps 109 to 114), in that order.

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
60. Click here

    CHECK MASS AIR FLOW METER

    
    

    1. Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.

    2. Start the engine and warm it up until the engine coolant temperature reaches 75°C (167°F) or higher.

       Tip:

       The A/C switch and all accessory switches should be off, and the shift lever should be in N or P.

    3. Turn the intelligent tester on.

    4. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Data List / MAF.

    5. Check the mass air flow meter value in the Data List during idling.

       Standard
       2.5 to 4.7 g/sec.

       Tip:

       If the mass air flow meter is malfunctioning, after replacing it, check if engine starting trouble occurs again. If engine starting trouble occurs, replace the ECM. If engine starting trouble still occurs, proceed to step 72 and perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 95 to 102), fuel system troubleshooting B (steps 103 to 105), intake system troubleshooting (steps 106 to 108), and ignition system troubleshooting (steps 109 to 114), in that order.

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
61. Click here

    CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (MASS AIR FLOW METER - ECM)

    
    

    1. Disconnect the mass air flow meter connector.

    2. Disconnect the ECM connector.

    3. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.

       Standard Resistance
       Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition C33-5 (VG) - C35-14 (VG) Always Below 1 Ω C33-4 (E2G) - C35-13 (E2G) Always Below 1 Ω C33-5 (VG) or C35-14 (VG) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher

       Tip:
       

       • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

       • Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.

       • If the wire harness or connector is malfunctioning, after replacing or repairing it, check if engine starting trouble occurs again. If engine starting trouble occurs, replace the ECM. If engine starting trouble still occurs, proceed to step 72 and perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 95 to 102), fuel system troubleshooting B (steps 103 to 105), intake system troubleshooting (steps 106 to 108), and ignition system troubleshooting (steps 109 to 114), in that order.

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
62. Click here

    READ VALUE USING INTELLIGENT TESTER

    
    

    1. Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Data List / Atmospheric Pressure and Long FT.

    4. Read the value displayed on the tester.

       Table 31. Result

       Data List Item	Result	Suspected Area	Proceed to
       Long FT	+25% or more or less than -25%	Air fuel ratio sensor Heated oxygen sensor Mass air flow meter Fuel injector assembly ECM	A
       Atmosphere Pressure	80 kPa or less (when elevation is 0 m)
       Both Data List items listed above	Values are other than above	-	B

    
    
    • AClick here
    • BClick here
63. Click here

    PERFORM SIMULATION TEST

    
    

    1. Remove the EFI and ETCS fuses from the engine room relay block.

    2. After 60 seconds or more elapse, install the EFI and ETCS fuses.

    3. Check if the engine can be started.

       Table 32. Result

       Result	Proceed to
       Engine can be started	A
       Engine cannot be started	B

    
    
    • AClick here
    • BClick here
64. Click here

    INSPECT AIR FUEL RATIO SENSOR

    
    

    1. Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.

    2. Start the engine.

    3. Turn the intelligent tester on.

    4. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Data List / Fuel System Status #1 and Fuel System Status #2.

    5. Confirm that Fuel System Status #1 and Fuel System Status #2 are both CL.

    6. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Data List / AF Lambda B1S1 and AF Lambda B2S1.

    7. Confirm that AF Lambda B1S1 and AF Lambda B2S1 are both within the range of 0.95 to 1.05 when idling.

    8. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Active Test / Control the Injection Volume for A/F sensor.

    9. Read the output voltage from the air fuel ratio sensor when increasing and decreasing the fuel injection volume.

       Standard
       Tester Display Injection Volume Specified Condition AFS Voltage B1S1 AFS Voltage B2S1 +12.5% Air fuel ratio sensor output voltage is below 3.1 V -12.5% Air fuel ratio sensor output voltage is higher than 3.4 V

       Table 33. Result

       Result	Proceed to
       Normal	A
       Abnormal	B

       Tip:
       

       • The air fuel ratio sensor has an output delay of a few seconds and the heated oxygen sensor has a maximum output delay of approximately 20 seconds.

       • If the air fuel ratio sensor is malfunctioning, after replacing it, check if engine starting trouble occurs again. If engine starting trouble occurs, replace the ECM. If engine starting trouble still occurs, proceed to step 72 and perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 95 to 102), fuel system troubleshooting B (steps 103 to 105), intake system troubleshooting (steps 106 to 108), and ignition system troubleshooting (steps 109 to 114), in that order.

    
    
    • AClick here
    • BClick here
65. Click here

    PERFORM SIMULATION TEST

    
    

    1. Check if the idling speed is stable after starting the engine.

       OK
       Speed is stable.

       Tip:

       After replacing the fuel injector assembly or mass air flow meter, check if engine starting trouble occurs again. If engine starting trouble occurs, replace the ECM. If engine starting trouble still occurs, proceed to step 72 and perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 95 to 102), fuel system troubleshooting B (steps 103 to 105), intake system troubleshooting (steps 106 to 108), and ignition system troubleshooting (steps 109 to 114), in that order.

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
66. Click here

    CHECK FUEL PRESSURE

    
    

    1. Inspect the fuel pressure (Click here).

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
67. Click here

    CHECK SPARK PLUG

    
    

    1. Inspect the spark plugs (Click here).

       Table 34. Result

       Result	Proceed to
       All cylinders are normal	A
       One cylinder is abnormal*1	B
       All cylinders are abnormal*2, *3	C

       Tip:
       

       • *1: If one cylinder is abnormal, replace the spark plug of that cylinder and inspect the ignition and fuel system for that cylinder. After performing repairs, check if engine starting trouble occurs again. If engine starting trouble still occurs, proceed to step 72 and perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 95 to 102), fuel system troubleshooting B (steps 103 to 105), intake system troubleshooting (steps 106 to 108), and ignition system troubleshooting (steps 109 to 114), in that order.

       • *2: If all cylinders are abnormal, replace the spark plugs of all cylinders and check if engine starting trouble occurs again. If engine starting trouble still occurs, proceed to step 72 and perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 95 to 102), fuel system troubleshooting B (steps 103 to 105), intake system troubleshooting (steps 106 to 108), and ignition system troubleshooting (steps 109 to 114), in that order.

       • *3: Engine starting trouble may occur if the vehicle is driven extremely short distances repeatedly.

    
    
    • AClick here
    • BClick here
    • CClick here
68. Click here

    CONFIRM VEHICLE CONDITION

    
    

    1. Confirm the conditions present when the malfunction occurred based on the customer problem analysis.

       Table 35. Result

       Problem Symptom	Suspected Area	Proceed to
       When the engine is stopped and a long time has passed, engine starting trouble occurs*1	Pressure regulator is stuck open	A
       When the engine is stopped and approximately 15 to 120 minutes have passed, engine starting trouble occurs*2	Fuel injector assembly leak	B
       When the engine is stopped and approximately 2 to 3 minutes have passed, engine starting trouble occurs*3	Failure to maintain fuel pressure by pressure regulator	A
       Condition other than above, or there is an inconsistency in the conditions present when engine starting trouble occurs	-	C*4

       Tip:

       *1: The pressure regulator may be stuck open. Attach a fuel pressure gauge and check the ability of the system to maintain fuel pressure after stopping the engine.

       *2: Fuel may be leaking from a fuel injector assembly.

       *3: The pressure regulator may not be able to maintain the fuel pressure. Attach a fuel pressure gauge and check the ability of the pressure regulator to maintain fuel pressure after stopping the engine.

       *4: From step 72, perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 95 to 102), fuel system troubleshooting B (steps 103 to 105), intake system troubleshooting (steps 106 to 108), and ignition system troubleshooting (steps 109 to 114), in that order.

    
    
    • AClick here
    • BClick here
    • CClick here
69. Click here

    CHECK FUEL PRESSURE

    Tip:

    For the fuel pressure inspection, refer to the following procedures (Click here).

    
    

    1. Attach a fuel pressure gauge and check the fuel pressure after stopping the engine.

       Table 36. Result

       Result	Proceed to
       147 kPa (1.5 kgf/cm2) or higher (5 minutes after stopping the engine)	A*1
       Below 147 kPa (1.5 kgf/cm2) (5 minutes after stopping the engine)	B

       Tip:
       

       • If the engine cannot be started, check the fuel pressure after cranking the engine.

       • *1: From step 72, perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 95 to 102), fuel system troubleshooting B (steps 103 to 105), intake system troubleshooting (steps 106 to 108), and ignition system troubleshooting (steps 109 to 114), in that order.

    
    
    • AClick here
    • BClick here
70. Click here

    CHECK FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY

    
    

    1. Clean the inside of the surge tank with compressed air.

    2. After stopping the engine, measure the HC concentration inside the surge tank for 15 minutes.

       Table 37. Result

       Result	Proceed to
       4000 ppm or more	A
       Less than 4000 ppm	B*1

       Tip:
       

       • If the concentration is 4000 ppm or more, a fuel injector assembly may have a sealing problem.

       • *1: From step 72, perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 95 to 102), fuel system troubleshooting B (steps 103 to 105), intake system troubleshooting (steps 106 to 108), and ignition system troubleshooting (steps 109 to 114), in that order.

    
    
    • AClick here
    • BClick here
71. Click here

    PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING INTELLIGENT TESTER (CONTROL THE FUEL PUMP / SPEED)

    
    

    1. Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Active Test / Control the Fuel Pump / Speed.

    4. When performing the Active Test, check for fuel leakage from the fuel pipes.

       Table 38. Result

       Result	Proceed to
       Fuel leakage or signs of fuel leakage are present	A
       No fuel leakage or signs of fuel leakage	B

       Tip:
       

       • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

       • Check if the vehicle ran out of fuel, as engine starting trouble due to running out of fuel is also detected.

       • If there are no fuel leaks, after inspecting the fuel pump control system, check if engine starting trouble occurs again. If engine starting trouble still occurs, proceed to step 72 and perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 95 to 102), fuel system troubleshooting B (steps 103 to 105), intake system troubleshooting (steps 106 to 108), and ignition system troubleshooting (steps 109 to 114), in that order.

    
    
    • AClick here
    • BClick here
72. Click here

    CHECK MALFUNCTION CONDITION

    
    

    1. If the malfunction could not be identified during the inspections in steps 38, 39, 40 and 47, perform fuel system troubleshooting C (steps 73 to 77).

       Table 39. Result

       Performed Step	Troubleshooting by System	Procedure	Proceed to
       Steps 38, 39, 40 and 47	Fuel system troubleshooting C	73 to 77	A

    2. If the malfunction could not be identified during the inspection in step 45, perform ignition system troubleshooting (steps 78 to 83).

       Table 40. Result

       Performed Step	Troubleshooting by System	Procedure	Proceed to
       Step 45	Ignition system troubleshooting	78 to 83	B

    3. If the malfunction could not be identified during the inspections in steps 55, 56 and 57, perform intake air system troubleshooting (steps 84 to 86). If engine starting trouble still occurs, perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 87 to 94).

       Table 41. Result

       Performed Step	Troubleshooting by System	Procedure	Proceed to
       Step 55, 56, 57	Intake air system troubleshooting	84 to 86	C
       	Fuel system troubleshooting A	87 to 94

    4. If the malfunction could not be identified during the inspections in steps 58, 59, 60, 61, 64, 65, 67, 68, 69, 70 and 71, perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 95 to 102), fuel system troubleshooting B (steps 103 to 105), intake air system troubleshooting (steps 106 to 108), and ignition system troubleshooting (steps 109 to 114), in that order.

       Table 42. Result

       Performed Step	Troubleshooting by System	Procedure	Proceed to
       Steps 58, 59, 60, 61, 64, 65, 67, 68, 69, 70 and 71	Fuel system troubleshooting A	95 to 102	D
       	Fuel system troubleshooting B	103 to 105
       	Intake air system troubleshooting	106 to 108
       	Ignition system troubleshooting	109 to 114

    
    
    • AClick here
    • BClick here
    • CClick here
    • DClick here
73. Click here

    INSPECT FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY

    
    

    1. Inspect the fuel injector assemblies (Click here).

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
74. Click here

    CHECK TERMINAL VOLTAGE (FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY POWER SOURCE)

    
    

    1. Disconnect the fuel injector assembly connector.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Measure the voltage according to the value(s) in the table below.

       Standard Voltage
       Tester Connection Switch Condition Specified Condition C1-1 - Body ground Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V C2-1 - Body ground Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V C3-1 - Body ground Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V C4-1 - Body ground Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V C5-1 - Body ground Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V C6-1 - Body ground Ignition switch ON 11 to 14 V

       Table 43. Text in Illustration

       *a	Front view of wire harness connector (to Fuel Injector Assembly)

       Tip:
       

       • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

       • Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
75. Click here

    CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY - ECM)

    
    

    1. Disconnect the fuel injector assembly connector.

    2. Disconnect the ECM connector.

    3. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.

       Standard Resistance

       Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition C1-2 - C37-6 (#10) Always Below 1 Ω C2-2 - C37-1 (#20) Always Below 1 Ω C3-2 - C37-7 (#30) Always Below 1 Ω C4-2 - C37-2 (#40) Always Below 1 Ω C5-2 - C37-8 (#50) Always Below 1 Ω C6-2 - C37-3 (#60) Always Below 1 Ω C1-2 or C37-6 (#10) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher C2-2 or C37-1 (#20) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher C3-2 or C37-7 (#30) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher C4-2 or C37-2 (#40) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher C5-2 or C37-8 (#50) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher C6-2 or C37-3 (#60) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher

       Tip:
       

       • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

       • Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
76. Click here

    CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR

    
    

    1. Replace the crankshaft position sensor (Click here).

    2. Check the engine start operation.

       OK
       Malfunction has been repaired successfully.

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
77. Click here

    CHECK VVT SENSOR

    
    

    1. Replace the VVT sensor (Click here).

    2. Check the engine start operation.

       OK
       Malfunction has been repaired successfully.

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
78. Click here

    CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR

    
    

    1. Check the tightening and installation condition of the crankshaft position sensor bolt.

    2. Check the connection of the crankshaft position sensor connector.

       OK
       Sensor is installed correctly.

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
79. Click here

    CHECK VVT SENSOR

    
    

    1. Check the tightening and installation condition of the VVT sensor bolt.

    2. Check the connection of the VVT sensor connector.

       OK
       Sensor is installed correctly.

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
80. Click here

    CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR - ECM)

    
    

    1. Disconnect the crankshaft position sensor connector.

    2. Disconnect the ECM connector.

    3. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.

       Standard Resistance
       Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition C14-1 - C34-6 (NE+) Always Below 1 Ω C14-2 - C34-5 (NE-) Always Below 1 Ω C14-1 or C34-6 (NE+) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher C14-2 or C34-5 (NE-) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher

       Tip:
       

       • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

       • Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
81. Click here

    CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (VVT SENSOR - ECM)

    
    

    1. Disconnect the VVT sensor connector.

    2. Disconnect the ECM connector.

    3. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.

       Standard Resistance
       Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition C20-1 (VVR+) - C34-9 (VV1+) Always Below 1 Ω C20-2 (VVR-) - C34-10 (VV1-) Always Below 1 Ω C20-3 (VC) - C34-15 (VCV1) Always Below 1 Ω C20-1 (VVR+) or C34-9 (VV1+) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher C20-2 (VVR-) or C34-10 (VV1-) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher C20-3 (VC) or C34-15 (VCV1) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher

       Tip:
       

       • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

       • Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
82. Click here

    CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR

    
    

    1. Replace the crankshaft position sensor (Click here).

    2. Check the engine start operation.

       OK
       Malfunction has been repaired successfully.

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
83. Click here

    CHECK VVT SENSOR

    
    

    1. Replace the VVT sensor (Click here).

    2. Check the engine start operation.

       OK
       Malfunction has been repaired successfully.

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
84. Click here

    READ VALUE USING INTELLIGENT TESTER (ISC LEARNING VALUE)

    
    

    1. Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. With the A/C switch and all the accessory switches off, start the engine and warm it up until the engine coolant temperature stabilizes.

    4. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Data List / ISC Learning Value.

    5. Read the value displayed on the tester.

       Table 44. Result

       Data List Item	Result	Suspected Area	Proceed to
       ISC Learning Value	(engine displacement (liters) x 0.9) or more	Valve timing Compression	A
       	Less than (engine displacement (liters) x 0.9)	-	B

    
    
    • AClick here
    • BClick here
85. Click here

    CHECK CYLINDER COMPRESSION PRESSURE

    
    

    1. Inspect the compression (Click here).

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
86. Click here

    INSPECT ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR

    
    

    1. Inspect the engine coolant temperature sensor (Click here).

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
87. Click here

    CHECK FUEL PRESSURE

    Tip:

    For the fuel pressure inspection, refer to the following procedures (Click here).

    
    

    1. Attach a fuel pressure gauge and check the fuel pressure when cranking the engine and after stopping the engine.

       Table 45. Result

       Vehicle State	Specified Condition
       Cranking engine	304 to 343 kPa (3.1 to 3.5 kgf/cm2)
       5 minutes after stopping engine	147 kPa (1.5 kgf/cm2) or higher

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
88. Click here

    READ VALUE USING INTELLIGENT TESTER (LONG FT)

    
    

    1. Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Data List / Long FT.

    4. Read the value displayed on the tester.

       Table 46. Result

       Data List Item	Result	Suspected Area	Proceed to
       Long FT	-15 to +15%	Wire harness or connector Fuel	A
       	+15% or more, or less than -15%	Fuel injector assembly	B

    
    
    • AClick here
    • BClick here
89. Click here

    PERFORM SIMULATION TEST

    
    

    1. Check if the idling speed is stable after starting the engine and if an unstable idling speed has ever occurred in the past.

       Table 47. Result

       Problem Symptom	Suspected Area	Proceed to
       Current unstable idling speed or history of unstable idling speed	Crankshaft position sensor system	A
       All current and past idling speeds are stable	Fuel	B

       Tip:

       Through the customer problem analysis, confirm the fuel being used and the location at which the fuel was added to check if the malfunction is caused by the fuel in the vehicle.

    
    
    • AClick here
    • BClick here
90. Click here

    CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR

    
    

    1. Check the tightening and installation condition of the crankshaft position sensor bolt.

    2. Check the connection of the crankshaft position sensor connector.

       OK
       Sensor is installed correctly.

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
91. Click here

    CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR - ECM)

    
    

    1. Disconnect the crankshaft position sensor connector.

    2. Disconnect the ECM connector.

    3. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.

       Standard Resistance
       Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition C14-1 - C34-6 (NE+) Always Below 1 Ω C14-2 - C34-5 (NE-) Always Below 1 Ω C14-1 or C34-6 (NE+) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher C14-2 or C34-5 (NE-) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher

       Tip:
       

       • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

       • Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
92. Click here

    CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR

    
    

    1. Replace the crankshaft position sensor (Click here).

    2. Check the engine start operation.

       OK
       Malfunction has been repaired successfully.

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
93. Click here

    PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING INTELLIGENT TESTER (CONTROL THE FUEL PUMP ASSEMBLY / SPEED)

    
    

    1. Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Active Test / Control the Fuel Pump / Speed.

    4. When performing the Active Test, check for fuel leakage from the fuel pipes.

       Table 48. Result

       Result	Proceed to
       Fuel leakage or signs of fuel leakage are present	A
       No fuel leakage or signs of fuel leakage	B

       Tip:
       

       • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

       • When performing the Active Test, if there is no operating noise from the fuel pump, the fuel pump system may be malfunctioning.

       • Check if the vehicle ran out of fuel, as engine starting trouble due to running out of fuel is also detected.

    
    
    • AClick here
    • BClick here
94. Click here

    INSPECT FUEL PUMP ASSEMBLY

    
    

    1. Inspect the fuel pump (for Single Tank Type) (Click here).

    2. Inspect the fuel pump (for Double Tank Type) (Click here).

       Table 49. Result

       Result	Proceed to
       OK	A
       NG (for Single Tank Type)	B
       NG (for Double Tank Type)	C

       Tip:
       

       • Make sure there is no foreign matter such as iron particles on the fuel pump and no signs that the fuel pump was stuck.

       • Make sure the internal connector is securely connected.

       • Make sure the fuel pump filter is not clogged.

    
    
    • AClick here
    • BClick here
    • CClick here
95. Click here

    CHECK FUEL PRESSURE

    Tip:

    For the fuel pressure inspection, refer to the following procedures (Click here).

    
    

    1. Attach a fuel pressure gauge and check the fuel pressure after stopping the engine.

       Table 50. Result

       Result	Proceed to
       147 kPa (1.5 kgf/cm2) or higher (5 minutes after stopping the engine)	A
       Below 147 kPa (1.5 kgf/cm2) (5 minutes after stopping the engine)	B

    
    
    • AClick here
    • BClick here
96. Click here

    READ VALUE USING INTELLIGENT TESTER (LONG FT)

    
    

    1. Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Data List / Long FT.

    4. Read the value displayed on the tester.

       Table 51. Result

       Data List Item	Result	Suspected Area	Proceed to
       Long FT	-15 to +15%	Wire harness or connector Fuel	A
       	+15% or more, or less than -15%	Fuel injector assembly	B

    
    
    • AClick here
    • BClick here
97. Click here

    PERFORM SIMULATION TEST

    
    

    1. Check if the idling speed is stable after starting the engine and if an unstable idling speed has ever occurred in the past.

       Table 52. Result

       Problem Symptom	Suspected Area	Proceed to
       Current unstable idling speed or history of unstable idling speed	Crankshaft position sensor system	A
       All current and past idling speeds are stable	Fuel	B

       Tip:

       Through the customer problem analysis, confirm the fuel being used and the location at which the fuel was added to check if the malfunction is caused by the fuel in the vehicle.

    
    
    • AClick here
    • BClick here
98. Click here

    CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR

    
    

    1. Check the tightening and installation condition of the crankshaft position sensor bolt.

    2. Check the connection of the crankshaft position sensor connector.

       OK
       Sensor is installed correctly.

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
99. Click here

    CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR - ECM)

    
    

    1. Disconnect the crankshaft position sensor connector.

    2. Disconnect the ECM connector.

    3. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.

       Standard Resistance
       Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition C14-1 - C34-6 (NE+) Always Below 1 Ω C14-2 - C34-5 (NE-) Always Below 1 Ω C14-1 or C34-6 (NE+) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher C14-2 or C34-5 (NE-) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher

       Tip:
       

       • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

       • Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.

    
    
    • OKClick here
    • NGClick here
100. Click here

     CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR

     
     

     1. Replace the crankshaft position sensor (Click here).

     2. Check the engine start operation.

        OK
        Malfunction has been repaired successfully.

     
     
     • OKClick here
     • NGClick here
101. Click here

     PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING INTELLIGENT TESTER (CONTROL THE FUEL PUMP ASSEMBLY / SPEED)

     
     

     1. Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.

     2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

     3. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Active Test / Control the Fuel Pump / Speed.

     4. When performing the Active Test, check for fuel leakage from the fuel pipes.

        Table 53. Result

        Result	Proceed to
        Fuel leakage or signs of fuel leakage are present	A
        No fuel leakage or signs of fuel leakage	B

        Tip:
        

        • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

        • When performing the Active Test, if there is no operating noise from the fuel pump, the fuel pump system may be malfunctioning.

        • Check if the vehicle ran out of fuel, as engine starting trouble due to running out of fuel is also detected.

     
     
     • AClick here
     • BClick here
102. Click here

     INSPECT FUEL PUMP ASSEMBLY

     
     

     1. Inspect the fuel pump (for Single Tank Type) (Click here).

     2. Inspect the fuel pump (for Double Tank Type) (Click here).

        Table 54. Result

        Result	Proceed to
        OK	A
        NG (for Single Tank Type)	B
        NG (for Double Tank Type)	C

        Tip:
        

        • Make sure there is no foreign matter such as iron particles on the fuel pump and no signs that the fuel pump was stuck.

        • Make sure the internal connector is securely connected.

        • Make sure the fuel pump filter is not clogged.

     
     
     • AClick here
     • BClick here
     • CClick here
103. Click here

     CHECK PURGE VSV

     
     
     1. 

        Disconnect the vacuum hose (on the canister side) of the purge VSV.

     2. Start the engine.

     3. Idle the engine.

     4. Disconnect the connector of the purge VSV.

     5. Check if air flows through the purge VSV.

        OK
        Air does not flow

     6. Connect the connector of the purge VSV.

     7. Connect the vacuum hose of the purge VSV.

        Tip:

        When this inspection is performed, the MIL may illuminate. After finishing the inspection, check and clear DTCs (Click here).

     
     
     • OKClick here
     • NGClick here
104. Click here

     CHECK FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY

     
     

     1. Clean the inside of the surge tank with compressed air.

     2. After stopping the engine, measure the HC concentration inside the surge tank for 15 minutes.

        Table 55. Result

        Result	Proceed to
        4000 ppm or more	A
        Less than 4000 ppm	B

        Tip:

        If the concentration is 4000 ppm or more, a fuel injector assembly may have a sealing problem.

     
     
     • AClick here
     • BClick here
105. Click here

     CHECK INTAKE VALVE

     
     

     1. Check if carbon is on the intake valves.

        Table 56. Result

        Result	Proceed to
        Carbon present	A
        No carbon present	B

     
     
     • AClick here
     • BClick here
106. Click here

     READ VALUE USING INTELLIGENT TESTER (ISC LEARNING VALUE)

     
     

     1. Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.

     2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

     3. Start the engine, turn off all accessory switches and warm up the engine until the engine coolant temperature stabilizes.

     4. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Data List / ISC Learning Value.

     5. Read the value displayed on the tester.

        Table 57. Result

        Data List Item	Result	Suspected Area	Proceed to
        ISC Learning Value	(engine displacement (liters) x 0.9) or more	Valve timing Compression	A
        	Less than (engine displacement (liters) x 0.9)	-	B

     
     
     • AClick here
     • BClick here
107. Click here

     CHECK CYLINDER COMPRESSION PRESSURE

     
     

     1. Inspect the compression (Click here).

     
     
     • OKClick here
     • NGClick here
108. Click here

     INSPECT ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR

     
     

     1. Inspect the engine coolant temperature sensor (Click here).

     
     
     • OKClick here
     • NGClick here
109. Click here

     CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR

     
     

     1. Check the tightening and installation condition of the crankshaft position sensor bolt.

     2. Check the connection of the crankshaft position sensor connector.

        OK
        Sensor is installed correctly.

     
     
     • OKClick here
     • NGClick here
110. Click here

     CHECK VVT SENSOR

     
     

     1. Check the tightening and installation condition of the VVT sensor bolt.

     2. Check the connection of the VVT sensor connector.

        OK
        Sensor is installed correctly.

     
     
     • OKClick here
     • NGClick here
111. Click here

     CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR - ECM)

     
     

     1. Disconnect the crankshaft position sensor connector.

     2. Disconnect the ECM connector.

     3. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.

        Standard Resistance
        Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition C14-1 - C34-6 (NE+) Always Below 1 Ω C14-2 - C34-5 (NE-) Always Below 1 Ω C14-1 or C34-6 (NE+) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher C14-2 or C34-5 (NE-) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher

        Tip:
        

        • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

        • Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.

     
     
     • OKClick here
     • NGClick here
112. Click here

     CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (VVT SENSOR - ECM)

     
     

     1. Disconnect the VVT sensor connector.

     2. Disconnect the ECM connector.

     3. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.

        Standard Resistance
        Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition C20-1 (VVR+) - C34-9 (VV1+) Always Below 1 Ω C20-2 (VVR-) - C34-10 (VV1-) Always Below 1 Ω C20-3 (VC) - C34-15 (VCV1) Always Below 1 Ω C20-1 (VVR+) or C34-9 (VV1+) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher C20-2 (VVR-) or C34-10 (VV1-) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher C20-3 (VC) or C34-15 (VCV1) - Body ground Always 10 kΩ or higher

        Tip:
        

        • Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

        • Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.

     
     
     • OKClick here
     • NGClick here
113. Click here

     CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR

     
     

     1. Replace the crankshaft position sensor (Click here).

     2. Check the engine start operation.

        OK
        Malfunction has been repaired successfully.

     
     
     • OKClick here
     • NGClick here
114. Click here

     CHECK VVT SENSOR

     
     

     1. Replace the VVT sensor (Click here).

     2. Check the engine start operation.

        OK
        Malfunction has been repaired successfully.

     
     
     • OKClick here
     • NGClick here
115. Click here

     GO TO DTC CHARTClick here

116. Click here

     REPAIR ENGINE IMMOBILISER SYSTEMClick here

117. Click here

     CHECK AND REPAIR ENGINE OR BATTERY

118. Click here

     SECURELY REINSTALL SENSORClick here

119. Click here

     REPLACE CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSORClick here

120. Click here

     REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR

121. Click here

     REPLACE ECMClick here

122. Click here

     CHECK FUEL PUMP CONTROL SYSTEMClick here

123. Click here

     REPAIR FUEL PUMP CONTROL SYSTEMClick here

124. Click here

     REPAIR FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY POWER SOURCE CIRCUIT

125. Click here

     CHECK AND REPAIR ENGINE

126. Click here

     REPLACE FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLYClick here

127. Click here

     REPLACE PRESSURE REGULATORClick here

128. Click here

     REPAIR OR REPLACE INTAKE SYSTEM

129. Click here

     CHARGE OR REPLACE BATTERY

130. Click here

     REPAIR OR REPLACE ENGINE ASSEMBLY

131. Click here

     REPLACE STARTER ASSEMBLY

132. Click here

     CHARGE OR REPLACE BATTERY

133. Click here

     REPLACE STARTER ASSEMBLY

134. Click here

     CHECK AND REPAIR ENGINE

135. Click here

     CHARGE OR REPLACE BATTERY

136. Click here

     REPAIR OR REPLACE ENGINE

137. Click here

     REPLACE PRESSURE REGULATORClick here

138. Click here

     REPLACE SPARK PLUGClick here

139. Click here

     CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR CIRCUITClick here

140. Click here

     CHECK POWER SOURCE CIRCUITClick here

141. Click here

     REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR

142. Click here

     REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR

143. Click here

     CHECK FUEL PUMP CONTROL SYSTEMClick here

144. Click here

     CHECK FUEL PUMP CONTROL SYSTEMClick here

145. Click here

     REPLACE CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSORClick here

146. Click here

     REPAIR POWER SOURCE CIRCUITClick here

147. Click here

     REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR

148. Click here

     REPAIR OR REPLACE INTAKE SYSTEM

149. Click here

     REMOVE FOREIGN OBJECT AND CLEAN THROTTLE BODY

150. Click here

     REPLACE CAMSHAFT OIL CONTROL VALVE (FOR EXHAUST SIDE)Click here

151. Click here

     REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR

152. Click here

     REPLACE ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSORClick here

153. Click here

     REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR

154. Click here

     REPLACE MASS AIR FLOW METERClick here

155. Click here

     REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR

156. Click here

     REPLACE AIR FUEL RATIO SENSORClick here

157. Click here

     REPLACE FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLYClick here

158. Click here

     REPLACE SPARK PLUG (ABNORMAL CYLINDER)Click here

159. Click here

     REPLACE SPARK PLUG (ALL)Click here

160. Click here

     REPLACE PRESSURE REGULATORClick here

161. Click here

     CHECK FUEL PUMP CONTROL SYSTEMClick here

162. Click here

     REPLACE FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLYClick here

163. Click here

     REPAIR POWER SOURCE CIRCUITClick here

164. Click here

     REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR

165. Click here

     REPLACE ECMClick here

166. Click here

     SECURELY REINSTALL SENSORClick here

167. Click here

     SECURELY REINSTALL SENSORClick here

168. Click here

     REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR

169. Click here

     REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR

170. Click here

     REPLACE ECMClick here

171. Click here

     REPAIR OR REPLACE ENGINE ASSEMBLY

172. Click here

     REPLACE ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSORClick here

173. Click here

     REPLACE FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLYClick here

174. Click here

     REPLACE FUEL

175. Click here

     SECURELY REINSTALL SENSORClick here

176. Click here

     REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR

177. Click here

     REPLACE ECMClick here

178. Click here

     REPLACE FUEL PUMPClick here

179. Click here

     REPLACE FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLYClick here

180. Click here

     REPLACE FUEL

181. Click here

     SECURELY REINSTALL SENSORClick here

182. Click here

     REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR

183. Click here

     REPLACE ECMClick here

184. Click here

     REPLACE FUEL PUMPClick here

185. Click here

     INSPECT PURGE VSVClick here

186. Click here

     REPAIR OR REPLACE ENGINE ASSEMBLY

187. Click here

     REPLACE ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSORClick here

188. Click here

     SECURELY REINSTALL SENSORClick here

189. Click here

     SECURELY REINSTALL SENSORClick here

190. Click here

     REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR

191. Click here

     REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR

192. Click here

     REPLACE ECMClick here

193. Click here

     CHARGE OR REPLACE BATTERY

194. Click here

     CHECK STARTER SIGNAL CIRCUITClick here

195. Click here

     END (VVT SENSOR IS DEFECTIVE)

196. Click here

     REPLACE ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSORClick here

197. Click here

     REPAIR OR REPLACE FUEL LINE

198. Click here

     REPAIR OR REPLACE FUEL SYSTEM

199. Click here

     REPLACE ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSORClick here

200. Click here

     REPAIR OR REPLACE FUEL SYSTEM

201. Click here

     REPLACE FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLYClick here

202. Click here

     CLEAN OR REPLACE THROTTLE BODY WITH MOTOR ASSEMBLYClick here

203. Click here

     END

204. Click here

     INSPECT STARTER ASSEMBLY

205. Click here

     REPLACE DRIVE PLATE AND RING GEARClick here

206. Click here

     CHECK STARTER SIGNAL CIRCUITClick here

207. Click here

     INSPECT STARTER ASSEMBLY

208. Click here

     REPLACE FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLYClick here

209. Click here

     REPLACE IGNITION COIL ASSEMBLYClick here

210. Click here

     REPAIR OR REPLACE FUEL LINE

211. Click here

     REPLACE ECMClick here

212. Click here

     REPLACE CAMSHAFT OIL CONTROL VALVE (FOR INTAKE SIDE)Click here

213. Click here

     REPLACE MASS AIR FLOW METERClick here

214. Click here

     REPLACE MASS AIR FLOW METERClick here

215. Click here

     REPLACE FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLYClick here

216. Click here

     REPAIR OR REPLACE FUEL LINE

217. Click here

     END (CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR IS DEFECTIVE)

218. Click here

     END (VVT SENSOR IS DEFECTIVE)

219. Click here

     END (CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR IS DEFECTIVE)

220. Click here

     END (VVT SENSOR IS DEFECTIVE)

221. Click here

     CHECK VALVE TIMING

222. Click here

     END (CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR IS DEFECTIVE)

223. Click here

     REPAIR OR REPLACE FUEL LINE

224. Click here

     REPLACE PRESSURE REGULATORClick here

225. Click here

     END (CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR IS DEFECTIVE)

226. Click here

     REPAIR OR REPLACE FUEL LINE

227. Click here

     REPLACE FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLYClick here

228. Click here

     CLEAN INTAKE VALVE

229. Click here

     ADJUST VALVE TIMINGClick here

230. Click here

     END (CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR IS DEFECTIVE)

231. Click here

     END (VVT SENSOR IS DEFECTIVE)

232. Click here

     REPLACE FUEL PUMPClick here

233. Click here

     REPAIR ENGINE IMMOBILISER SYSTEMClick here