FRONT WHEEL ALIGNMENT ADJUSTMENT

Note

If the wheel alignment has been adjusted, and if suspension or underbody components have been removed/installed or replaced, be sure to perform the following initialization procedure in order for the system to function normally:


  1. Disconnect the cable from the negative battery terminal for more than 2 seconds.

  2. Reconnect the cable to the negative battery terminal.

  3. Perform zero point calibration of the yaw rate and acceleration sensor and test mode inspection.

Tech Tips

Click here


  1. INSPECT TIRES


    1. Inspect the tires Click here.

  2. MEASURE VEHICLE HEIGHT

    Note


    • Before inspecting the wheel alignment, adjust the vehicle height to the specified value.

    • Be sure to perform measurement on a level surface.

    • If it is necessary to go under the vehicle for measurement, confirm that the parking brake is applied and the vehicle is secured with chocks.


    1. Bounce on the vehicle up and down at the corners to stabilize the suspension.

    2. A017DUSE01

      Measure the vehicle height.

      Measuring points
      A
      Ground clearance of front wheel center
      B
      Ground clearance of No. 1 lower suspension arm bushing set bolt center
      C
      Ground clearance of rear wheel center
      D
      Ground clearance of strut rod set bolt center
      Vehicle height
      Model Front A - B Rear C - D
      2WD 115.2 mm (4.54 in.) 34.9 mm (1.37 in.)
      4WD 115.3 mm (4.54 in.) 33.8 mm (1.33 in.)

  3. INSPECT WHEEL ANGLE


    1. Put tread center marks on the rearmost points of the turning radius gauge.

    2. A017FMGE03

      Turn the steering wheel to the left and right full lock positions, and measure the turning angle.

      Wheel turning angle
      Model Inside wheel Outside wheel Reference
      2WD

      35°07' +/- 1°30'

      (35.12° +/- 1.5°)

      		 31°20' (31.33°)
      4WD

      35°07' +/- 1°30'

      (35.12° +/- 1.5°)

      		 31°20' (31.33°)

      If the angles are not as specified, check and adjust the right and left rack end lengths.

  4. INSPECT CAMBER, CASTER AND STEERING AXIS INCLINATION


    1. A017C16E05

      Install the camber-caster-kingpin gauge or place the front wheels on the center of the wheel alignment tester.

    2. Inspect the camber, caster and steering axis inclination.

      Camber, caster and steering axis inclination
      Model Camber Inclination Caster Inclination Steering Axis Inclination Right-left difference
      2WD

      -0°38' +/- 45'

      (-0.63° +/- 0.75°)

      2°37' +/- 45'

      (2.62° +/- 0.75°)

      11°01' +/- 45'

      (11.02° +/- 0.75°)

      		 45' (0.75°) or less
      4WD

      -0°38' +/- 45'

      (-0.63° +/- 0.75°)

      2°37' +/- 45'

      (2.62° +/- 0.75°)

      11°01' +/- 45'

      (11.02° +/- 0.75°)

  5. ADJUST CAMBER

    Note

    Inspect toe-in after the camber has been adjusted.


    1. Remove the front wheel.

    2. A017F8S

      Remove the 2 nuts on the lower side of the front shock absorber.

      Note

      Keep the bolts inserted.

    3. Clean the installation surfaces of the front shock absorber and the steering knuckle.

    4. Temporarily install the 2 nuts (Step A).

    5. A017C67E01

      Fully push or pull the front axle hub in the direction of the required adjustment (Step B).

    6. Tighten the nuts.

      Torque:
      290 N*m  { 2956 kgf*cm, 214 ft.*lbf }

      Note

      Keep the bolts from rotating when tightening the nuts.

    7. Install the front wheel.

      Torque:
      103 N*m  { 1050 kgf*cm, 76 ft.*lbf }
    8. A017BFYE01

      Check the camber.

      If the measured value is not within the specification, calculate the required adjustment amount using the formula below.

      Camber adjustment amount = center value of the specified range - measured value.

      Check the combination of installed bolts. Select appropriate bolts from the table below to adjust the camber to the specified values.

      Tech Tips

      Try to adjust the camber to the center of the specified values.

      To move the axle toward (+) in step (B) To move the axle toward (-) in step (B)
      Refer to table (1) (Move the axle toward positive side) Refer to table (2) (Move the axle toward negative side)

      The body and suspension may be damaged if the camber is not correctly adjusted according to the above table.

      Note

      Replace the nut with a new one when replacing the bolt.

      A017EQNE19
      A017EQNE20

    9. Repeat the steps mentioned above. In step (A), replace 1 or 2 selected bolts.

      Tech Tips

      Replace one bolt at a time when replacing 2 bolts.

  6. INSPECT TOE-IN


    1. Bounce the vehicle up and down at the corners to stabilize the suspension.

    2. Release the parking brake and move the shift lever to the neutral position.

    3. Push the vehicle straight ahead approximately 5 m (16.4 ft.). (*1)

    4. A017EK6E04

      Put tread center marks on the rearmost points of the front wheels and measure the distance between the marks (dimension B).

    5. Slowly push the vehicle straight ahead to cause the front wheels to rotate 180°. Use the front tire valve as a reference point.

      Tech Tips

      Do not allow the wheels to rotate more than 180°. If the wheels rotate more than 180°, perform the procedure from (*1) again.

    6. A017EC5E01

      Measure the distance between the tread center marks on the front side of the wheels (dimension A).

      Toe-in
      Item Specified Condition

      Toe-in

      (total)

      C + D: 0°02' +/- 12' (0.04° +/- 0.2°)

      B - A: 0.9 +/- 2 mm (0.04 +/- 0.08 in.)

      If toe-in is not within the specified range, adjust it at the rack ends.

      Tech Tips

      Measure "B - A" only when "C + D" cannot be measured.

  7. ADJUST TOE-IN


    1. A017G5RE01

      Make sure that the lengths of the right and left rack ends are almost the same.

      Standard difference
      1.5 mm (0.06 in.) or less

    2. Remove the rack boot set clips.

    3. A017BA9E01

      Loosen the tie rod end lock nuts.

    4. Adjust the rack ends if the difference in thread length between the right and left rack ends is not within the specified range.


      1. Extend the shorter rack end if the measured toe-in deviates toward the outer-side.

      2. Shorten the longer rack end if the measured toe-in deviates toward the inner-side.

    5. Turn the right and left rack ends by an equal amount to adjust the toe-in to the center value.

    6. Make sure that the lengths of the right and left rack ends are the same.

    7. Tighten the tie rod end lock nuts.

      Torque:
      88 N*m  { 897 kgf*cm, 65 ft.*lbf }

      Note

      Temporarily tighten the lock nut while holding the hexagonal part of the steering rack end so that the lock nut and the steering rack end do not turn together. Hold the width across flat of the tie rod end and tighten the lock nut.

    8. Place the boots on the seats and install the clips.

      Tech Tips

      Make sure that the boots are not twisted.

  8. PLACE FRONT WHEELS FACING STRAIGHT AHEAD

  9. DISCONNECT CABLE FROM NEGATIVE BATTERY TERMINAL

    Note

    When disconnecting the cable, some systems need to be initialized after the cable is reconnected Click here.

    Tech Tips

    Disconnect the cable from the negative battery terminal for more than 2 seconds.

  10. CONNECT CABLE TO NEGATIVE BATTERY TERMINAL

    Note

    When disconnecting the cable, some systems need to be initialized after the cable is reconnected Click here.

  11. PERFORM YAW RATE SENSOR ZERO POINT CALIBRATION

    Tech Tips

    Perform yaw rate sensor zero point calibration Click here.

  12. CHECK STEERING ANGLE SENSOR ZERO POINT CALIBRATION

    Tech Tips

    Check steering angle sensor zero point calibration Click here.