ENGINE ON-VEHICLE INSPECTION

CAUTION / NOTICE / HINT

CAUTION:

To prevent injury due to contact with an operating V-ribbed belt or cooling fan, keep your hands and clothing away from the V-ribbed belt and cooling fans when working in the engine compartment with the engine running or the engine switch on (IG).

PROCEDURE

INSPECT ENGINE COOLANT

Click here
INSPECT ENGINE OIL

Click here
INSPECT BATTERY

Click here
CHECK SPARK PLUG

Click here
INSPECT AIR CLEANER FILTER ELEMENT SUB-ASSEMBLY
1. Remove the air cleaner filter element sub-assembly.
  
  Click here
2. Check that the air cleaner filter element sub-assembly is not excessively dirty.
  
  Click here
3. Install the air cleaner filter element sub-assembly.
  
  Click here
INSPECT V-RIBBED BELT TENSIONER ASSEMBLY
1. Remove the fan and generator V belt.
  
  Click here
2. Check that nothing is caught in the V-ribbed belt tensioner assembly by turning it clockwise and counterclockwise.
  
  If a malfunction exists, replace the V-ribbed belt tensioner assembly.
3. Install the fan and generator V belt.
  
  Click here
INSPECT VALVE CLEARANCE

Click here
INSPECT IGNITION TIMING
1. Warm up and stop the engine.
  
  Tech Tips
  
  A warmed up engine should have an engine coolant temperature of over 80°C (176°F), an engine oil temperature of 60°C (140°F), and the engine speed should be stabilized.
2. When using the GTS:
  1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.
  2. Start the engine and run it at idle.
  3. Turn the GTS on.
  4. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Data List / IGN Advance.
    
    Powertrain > Engine > Data List
    
    Tester Display
    
    IGN Advance
    
    Standard Ignition Timing
    
    8 to 18° BTDC at idle
    Note
    - Turn off all electrical systems and the A/C.
    - Check the ignition timing with the cooling fans off.
    - When checking the ignition timing, the transmission should be in neutral or park.
  5. Check that the ignition timing advances immediately when the engine speed is increased.
  6. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Active Test / Connect the TC and TE1 / ON.
    
    Powertrain > Engine > Active Test
    
    Active Test Display
    
    Connect the TC and TE1
    
    Data List Display
    
    IGN Advance
  7. Monitor IGN Advance.
  8. Perform the Active Test.
    
    Standard Ignition Timing
    
    8 to 12° BTDC at idle
    Note
    - Turn off all electrical systems and the A/C.
    - Check the ignition timing with the cooling fan off.
    - When checking the ignition timing, the transmission should be in neutral or park.
  9. Check that the ignition timing advances immediately when the engine idle speed is increased.
3. When not using the GTS:
  1. *a DLC3
    
    Using SST, connect terminals 13 (TC) and 4 (CG) of the DLC3.
    
    SST
    
    09843-18040
    Note
    
    Confirm the terminal numbers before connecting them. Connecting the wrong terminals may damage to electrical components.
    
    Turn off all the electrical systems and the A/C.
    
    Check the ignition timing with the cooling fans off.
    
    When checking the ignition timing, the transmission should be in neutral or park.
  2. Remove the V-bank cover sub-assembly.
    
    Click here
  3. Connect the clip of a timing light to the ignition coil wire for the No. 1 cylinder.
    
    Note
    
    Use a timing light that detects primary signals.
  4. Start the engine and run it at idle.
  5. Check the ignition timing at idle.
    
    Standard Ignition Timing
    
    8 to 12° BTDC at idle
    
    Note
    
    When checking the ignition timing, the transmission should be in neutral or park.
    
    Tech Tips
    
    Run the engine at 1000 to 1300 rpm for 5 seconds, and then check that the engine rpm returns to engine idle speed.
  6. Disconnect terminals 13 (TC) and 4 (CG) of the DLC3.
  7. Check the ignition timing at idle.
    
    Standard Ignition Timing
    
    8 to 18° BTDC at idle
  8. Check that the ignition timing advances immediately when the engine idle speed is increased.
  9. Disconnect the clip of the timing light from the ignition coil wire for the No. 1 cylinder.
  10. Install the V-bank cover sub-assembly.
    
    Click here
INSPECT ENGINE IDLE SPEED
1. Warm up and stop the engine.
  
  Tech Tips
  
  A warmed up engine should have an engine coolant temperature of over 80°C (176°F), an engine oil temperature of 60°C (140°F), and the engine idle speed should be stabilized.
2. When using the GTS:
  1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.
  2. Start the engine and run it at idle.
  3. Turn the GTS on.
  4. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Data List / Engine Speed.
    
    Powertrain > Engine > Data List
    
    Tester Display
    
    Engine Speed
  5. Inspect the engine idle speed.
    
    Standard Idle Speed
    
    700 to 800 rpm
    Note
    - Turn off all the electrical systems and the A/C.
    - Check the idle speed with the cooling fans off.
    - When checking the engine idle speed, the transmission should be in neutral or park.
    Tech Tips
    
    Refer to the GTS operator's manual for further details.
    
    If the idle speed is not as specified, check the air intake system.
3. When not using the GTS:
  1. *a DLC3
    
    Using SST, connect a tachometer probe to terminal 9 (TAC) of the DLC3.
    
    SST
    
    09843-18030
    
    Note
    
    Confirm the terminal numbers before connecting them. Connecting the wrong terminals may damage the electrical components.
  2. Start the engine and run it at idle.
  3. Inspect the engine idle speed.
    
    Standard Idle Speed
    
    700 to 800 rpm
    Note
    - Turn off all the electrical systems and the A/C.
    - Check the engine idle speed with the cooling fans off.
    - When checking the engine idle speed, the transmission should be in neutral or park.
    Tech Tips
    
    If the idle speed is not as specified, check the air intake system.
  4. Turn the engine switch off.
  5. Disconnect the tachometer probe from terminal 9 (TAC) of the DLC3.

Tester Display
IGN Advance

Standard Ignition Timing
8 to 18° BTDC at idle

Active Test Display
Connect the TC and TE1

Data List Display
IGN Advance

Standard Ignition Timing
8 to 12° BTDC at idle

Standard Ignition Timing
8 to 12° BTDC at idle

Standard Ignition Timing
8 to 18° BTDC at idle

Tester Display
Engine Speed

Standard Idle Speed
700 to 800 rpm

Standard Idle Speed
700 to 800 rpm

INSPECT COMPRESSION

Warm up and stop the engine.

Tech Tips

A warmed up engine should have an engine coolant temperature of over 80°C (176°F), an engine oil temperature of 60°C (140°F), and the engine idle speed should be stabilized.
Check for DTCs.
- w/ Canister Pump Module:
  
  Click here
- w/o Canister Pump Module:
  
  Click here
Disconnect the cable from the negative (-) battery terminal.
Remove the air cleaner hose assembly.

Click here
Remove the battery.
Remove the 8 spark plugs.

Click here
Disconnect the throttle body with motor assembly connector.

*a	Lock
*b	Lock Lever
	Connector Lock Release Direction (1)
	Connector Lock Release Direction (2)
	Connector

Push the lock and move the lock lever of each connector (with lock) as shown in the illustration and disconnect the 6 connectors (with lock) from the 2 injector drivers.

Disconnect the 2 injector driver connectors.
Insert a compression gauge into the spark plug hole.
Install the battery.
Connect the cable to the negative (-) battery terminal.
Fully open the throttle valve.
Depress and hold the brake pedal, and turn the engine switch on (IG). Then check the compression pressure.

Standard Compression Pressure

1400 kPa (14.3 kgf/cm², 203 psi)

Minimum Compression Pressure

1000 kPa (10.2 kgf/cm², 145 psi)

Pressure Difference between Each Cylinder

100 kPa (1.0 kgf/cm², 15 psi) or less
Note
- Always use a fully charged battery to obtain an engine speed of 250 rpm or more.
- Inspect all cylinders in the same way.
- Measure the compression pressure as quickly as possible.
If the cylinder compression pressure is low, pour a small amount of engine oil into the cylinder through the spark plug hole, then inspect it again.
Tech Tips
- If adding oil increases the compression pressure, the piston rings and/or cylinder bore may be worn or damaged.
- If the compression pressure stays low, a valve may be stuck or seated improperly, or there may be leaks in the cylinder head gasket.
Disconnect the cable to the negative (-) battery terminal.
Remove the battery.
Install the 8 spark plugs.

Click here
Install the battery.
Install the air cleaner hose assembly.

Click here
Connect the 2 injector driver connectors.
Connect the 6 connectors (with lock) to the 2 injector drivers and move the lock lever to engage the lock of each connector (with lock) as shown in the illustration.

Note

Securely connect the connectors (with lock) to the injector driver and engage the lock.
Connect the throttle body with motor assembly connector.
Connect the cable to the negative (-) battery terminal.
Clear the DTCs.
- w/ Canister Pump Module:
  
  Click here
- w/o Canister Pump Module:
  
  Click here
Note

After the inspection, clear the DTCs, check for DTCs again and make sure the normal system code is output.

Standard Compression Pressure
1400 kPa (14.3 kgf/cm², 203 psi)

Minimum Compression Pressure
1000 kPa (10.2 kgf/cm², 145 psi)

Pressure Difference between Each Cylinder
100 kPa (1.0 kgf/cm², 15 psi) or less

INSPECT CO/HC

Tech Tips

This check determines whether the idle CO/HC complies with regulations.

Start the engine.
Keep the engine speed at 2500 rpm for approximately 180 seconds.
Insert a CO/HC meter testing probe at least 40 cm (1.31 ft.) into the tail pipe during idle.

Check the CO/HC concentration during idle and when the engine is running at 2500 rpm.

Tech Tips

When performing the 2 mode (with the engine idling/running at 2500 rpm) test, the measurement procedures are determined by applicable local regulations.

If the CO/HC concentration does not comply with the regulations, perform troubleshooting in the following order.

Check the air fuel ratio sensor and heated oxygen sensor operation.
Check for DTCs.
- w/ Canister Pump Module:
  
  Click here
- w/o Canister Pump Module:
  
  Click here

See the following table for possible causes, then inspect the applicable parts and repair them if necessary.

CO	HC	Problem	Cause
Normal	High	Rough idle	Faulty ignition: Incorrect valve timing Fouled, shorted or improperly gapped spark plugs Leaks in intake or exhaust valves Leaks in cylinders
Low	High	Rough idle (Fluctuating HC reading)	Vacuum leaks: PCV hoses Intake manifold Throttle body with motor assembly Lean mixture causing misfire
High	High	Rough idle (Black smoke from exhaust)	Restricted air cleaner filter element sub-assembly Plugged PCV valve Faulty SFI system: Faulty fuel pressure Engine coolant temperature sensor Mass air flow meter sub-assembly ECM Fuel injector assemblies Throttle position sensor (built into throttle body with motor assembly)

Problem

Cause

Normal

High

Rough idle

Faulty ignition:

Incorrect valve timing
Fouled, shorted or improperly gapped spark plugs

Leaks in intake or exhaust valves
Leaks in cylinders

Low

High

Rough idle

(Fluctuating HC reading)

Vacuum leaks:

PCV hoses
Intake manifold
Throttle body with motor assembly

Lean mixture causing misfire

High

Rough idle

(Black smoke from exhaust)

Restricted air cleaner filter element sub-assembly
Plugged PCV valve
Faulty SFI system:

Faulty fuel pressure
Engine coolant temperature sensor
Mass air flow meter sub-assembly
ECM
Fuel injector assemblies
Throttle position sensor (built into throttle body with motor assembly)