SFI SYSTEM(w/o Canister Pump Module) Engine Difficult to Start

DESCRIPTION

Problem Symptom Suspected Area Trouble Area

  • Engine does not crank

  • Engine cranks slowly

  • Battery depletion

  • Starter malfunction

 Starter system

  • Battery depletion

  • Starter malfunction

  • Starter circuit
Excessive engine friction Engine Engine assembly

  • Starting time is long

  • Engine speed fluctuation due to abnormal combustion

  • Idle speed too low or high

  • The engine stalls immediately after starting

Strong engine vibration due to above symptoms

  • Ignition malfunction

  • Deviation in air fuel ratio (Excessive or insufficient intake air volume or fuel supply)

  • Insufficient compression

  • Changes in load from another system

 Ignition system

  • Spark plug

  • Ignition coil assembly
Fuel system

  • Direct fuel injector assembly

  • Port fuel injector assembly

  • Fuel pump (for high pressure side)

  • Fuel pump (for low pressure side)

  • Fuel pump control circuit

  • Fuel suction plate sub-assembly

  • Fuel main valve assembly

  • Fuel line

  • Purge VSV system

  • Fuel quality (existence of foreign matter, degradation)
Intake and exhaust systems

  • EGR system

  • Mass air flow meter sub-assembly

  • Intake system

    (Air leaks or deposit accumulation)

  • Throttle body with motor assembly

  • Air fuel ratio sensor (sensor 1)

  • Air fuel ratio sensor (sensor 2)

  • Cam timing control motor with EDU assembly

  • Cam timing oil control solenoid assembly

  • Variable Valve Timing system (VVT-iE, VVT-iW system)
Other control systems

  • ECM

  • Wire harness or connector

  • Knock control sensor

  • Engine coolant temperature sensor

  • Immobiliser system
Engine

  • Water inlet with thermostat sub-assembly

  • Engine assembly

  • Crankshaft position sensor malfunction
High load from another system

  • Air conditioning system

  • Power steering system

  • Electrical load signal system

  • A/T system

  1. SYMPTOM AND CAUSE OF SYSTEM MALFUNCTION

    Tech Tips

    The following are descriptions of the characteristics of each system malfunction. After understanding the link between the causes and symptoms, perform the inspection of each component. Even if the problem symptom does not recur, signs of the malfunction may be found in the Data List.


    1. Ignition system

      Spark plug
      Main cause of malfunction Performance degradation (wear, existence of foreign matter, etc.)
      Symptom Engine speed fluctuation due to abnormal combustion
      Data List Misfire Count Cylinder #1 to #4

      Tech Tips

      If the spark plug of the malfunctioning cylinder is abnormally wet with fuel, a leaking fuel injector assembly is suspected.
      Ignition coil assembly
      Main cause of malfunction Internal malfunction
      Problem symptom Engine speed fluctuation due to abnormal combustion
      Data List Misfire Count Cylinder #1 to #4

    2. Fuel system

      Fuel injector assembly
      Main cause of malfunction Blockage, leak
      Problem symptom

      • Engine speed fluctuation due to abnormal combustion

      • Idle speed too low or high

      • Engine is difficult to start due to high concentration of HC
      Data List

      • Target Air-Fuel Ratio

      • Short FT B1S1

      • Long FT B1S1

      • Total FT Bank 1

      • Fuel System Status Bank 1

      • A/F Learn Value Idle Bank 1

      • A/F Learn Value Low Bank 1

      • A/F Learn Value Mid No.1 Bank 1

      • A/F Learn Value Mid No.2 Bank 1

      • A/F Learn Value High Bank 1

      • A/F Learn Value Low (Dual) Bank 1

      • A/F Learn Value Mid (Dual) No.1 Bank 1

      • A/F Learn Value Mid (Dual) No.2 Bank 1

      • A/F Learn Value High (Dual) Bank 1

      Tech Tips


      • If the engine malfunction disappears when the fuel injection volume is increased or decreased using the "Control the Injection Volume", the respective cylinder may be malfunctioning.

      • If the engine is difficult to start only when the vehicle has been left as is for a long time, a leaking fuel injector assembly is suspected.
      Fuel system
      Main cause of malfunction Fuel suction plate sub-assembly or fuel main valve assembly malfunction
      Problem symptom Engine is difficult to start due to insufficient fuel supply

      Tech Tips


      • If the fuel suction plate sub-assembly or fuel main valve assembly cannot maintain residual pressure, fuel vaporization or air intrusion may occur, causing starting difficulty.

      • If the air fuel ratio becomes lean only when the engine is running under a high load and at a high engine speed, clogging of the fuel pump or fuel filter is suspected.
      Fuel quality
      Main cause of malfunction

      • Fuel degradation due to age or water contamination

      • Low fuel quality

      • Addition of fuel additive
      Problem symptom

      • Engine speed fluctuation due to abnormal combustion

      • Idle speed too low or high

      • Engine is difficult to start

    3. Intake and exhaust systems

      EGR system
      Main cause of malfunction Improper operation, sticking
      Problem symptom

      • Engine speed fluctuation due to abnormal combustion

      • Idle speed too low or high

      • Engine is difficult to start, lacks power or stalls
      Data List

      • Target EGR Valve Position No.1

      • EGR Step Position


        • Normal condition: Actual EGR valve position = Target EGR valve position +/-5% (Fully closed: 0%, Fully open: 100%)

        • Perform the Active Test "Control the EGR Step Position" and check if the vehicle condition changes when the EGR valve position is changed

        • When the ignition switch is turned to ON (engine not started), the EGR valve is fully closed
      Mass air flow meter sub-assembly
      Main cause of malfunction Performance degradation (existence of foreign matter, etc.)
      Problem symptom Lack of power
      Data List Mass Air Flow Sensor

      Tech Tips

      If the value of the Data List item "Mass Air Flow Sensor" is abnormal, a malfunction of the mass air flow meter sub-assembly is suspected.
      Throttle system
      Main cause of malfunction Inappropriate trim volume adjustment due to accumulation of deposits
      Problem symptom

      • Engine speed fluctuation due to abnormal combustion

      • Idle speed too low or high
      Data List

      • Engine Stall Control F/B Flow

      • ISC F/B Learn Torque

      • ISC Total AUXS Torque

      • ISC F/B Torque

      • Sum of ISC F/B Torque (Recent)

      • ISC AUXS Torque (Alternator)

      • ISC AUXS Torque (Air Conditioner)

      • Throttle Air Flow F/B Value
      Air fuel ratio sensor (sensor 1), Air fuel ratio sensor (sensor 2)
      Main cause of malfunction Deviation in sensor characteristics
      Problem symptom Abnormal combustion due to deviation of actual air fuel ratio from calculated ratio
      Data List

      • A/F (O2) Sensor Current B1S1

      • A/F (O2) Sensor Current B1S2

      • Fuel System Status Bank 1

    4. Engine

      Engine assembly
      Main cause of malfunction

      • Compression loss

      • Accumulation of deposits

        (Combustion chamber, intake valve or intake manifold)
      Problem symptom

      • Engine speed fluctuation due to abnormal combustion

      • Idle speed too low or high

      • Hesitation during acceleration or stalling

      Tech Tips


      • If deposits have accumulated in the combustion chamber or on an intake valve, the engine may stall when deposits are caught on an intake valve.

      • When performing the Active Test "Check the Cylinder Compression", if the speed of one cylinder is higher than the others, the cylinder may have a compression loss.

      • If deposits accumulate on the intake valves, the supply of fuel may be delayed due to adherence of the fuel to the deposits, causing a rough idle.

  2. Data List Items Related to Engine Difficult to Start

    Tech Tips

    Depending on the vehicle model, the applicable Data List items may vary. Data List items other than the ones used in the diagnostic procedure are for reference only.


    • Mass Air Flow Sensor

    • Engine Stall Control F/B Flow

    • ISC F/B Learn Torque

    • ISC Total AUXS Torque

    • ISC F/B Torque

    • Sum of ISC F/B Torque (Recent)

    • ISC AUXS Torque (Alternator)

    • ISC AUXS Torque (Air Conditioner)

    • Throttle Air Flow F/B Value

    • Target Fuel Pressure (High)

    • Target Fuel Pressure (Low)

    • Fuel Pressure (High)

    • Fuel Pressure (Low)

    • High Pressure Fuel Pump Duty Ratio (D4)

    • High Pressure Fuel Pump Discharge Rate

    • Target Air-Fuel Ratio

    • A/F (O2) Sensor Current B1S1

    • A/F (O2) Sensor Current B1S2

    • Short FT B1S1

    • Long FT B1S1

    • Total FT Bank 1

    • Fuel System Status Bank 1

    • A/F Learn Value Idle Bank 1

    • A/F Learn Value Low Bank 1

    • A/F Learn Value Mid No.1 Bank 1

    • A/F Learn Value Mid No.2 Bank 1

    • A/F Learn Value High Bank 1

    • A/F Learn Value Low (Dual) Bank 1

    • A/F Learn Value Mid (Dual) No.1 Bank 1

    • A/F Learn Value Mid (Dual) No.2 Bank 1

    • A/F Learn Value High (Dual) Bank 1

    • Target EGR Valve Position No.1

    • EGR Step Position

    • Misfire Count Cylinder #1

    • Misfire Count Cylinder #2

    • Misfire Count Cylinder #3

    • Misfire Count Cylinder #4

  3. Vehicle Control History Freeze Frame Data Items Related to Engine Difficult to Start

    Tech Tips

    The frequency of the malfunction can be determined by confirming the number of times the symptom occurred.


    • Engine Difficult to Start Count (Engine Starting Time Long)

    • Engine Difficult to Start Count (Immobiliser)

CAUTION / NOTICE / HINT

Tech Tips


  • If any other DTCs are output, perform troubleshooting for those DTCs first.

  • Make sure to reproduce the conditions present when the malfunction occurred.

  • Using the GTS, read the Data List to confirm the engine operating conditions. This information can be useful when troubleshooting.

  • The vehicle condition when the problem symptoms occurred can be determined using the Vehicle Control History.

  • As the Vehicle Control History data may be overwritten whenever the trigger conditions are met, make sure to save the Vehicle Control History data before performing any inspections.

  • If the problem symptoms do not recur, attempt to reproduce the symptoms and conditions when the malfunction occurred based on the result of the customer problem analysis and Vehicle Control History. Place the priority on confirming the symptoms.

  • When performing inspections, jiggle the relevant wire harnesses and connectors in an attempt to reproduce malfunctions that do not always occur.

  • The suspected cause of the problem symptoms can be determined using the codes, items, and Freeze Frame Data within the Vehicle Control History.

  • When confirming the Freeze Frame Data, be sure to check all multi Freeze Frame Data.

  • When confirming the Freeze Frame Data, if there are multiple items related to the cause of the malfunction, perform troubleshooting for all related items.

  • If the malfunction is currently occurring, use the Data List to confirm the current vehicle condition. By using the Data List, more detailed vehicle information can be confirmed than by using the Vehicle Control History Freeze Frame Data by itself.

  • As Vehicle Control History may be stored when performing an Active Test, learning, etc., make sure to clear the Vehicle Control History before returning the vehicle to the customer.

  • If the engine is started immediately after reconnecting the battery terminal, the engine may stall immediately after it starts due to the intercommunication process between each ECU. For this reason, when starting the engine after reconnecting the battery terminal, first turn the ignition switch ON and then wait several seconds for the communication process to complete before starting the engine.

PROCEDURE


  1. INTERVIEW THE CUSTOMER


    1. Interview the customer for details about the conditions when the engine was difficult to start.

      Tech Tips

      In addition to the usual questions, be sure to ask the customer about the specific details when the problem symptoms occurred.

      Condition When Problem Symptom Occurred Suspected Area
      After refueling at an unfamiliar gas station, the engine became difficult to start. Fuel quality
      After the addition of fuel additives, the engine became difficult to start. Addition of fuel additive
      Only after leaving the vehicle for a long time, the engine becomes difficult to start. Leaking fuel injector assembly
      The vehicle mostly driven for short distances only. Formation of carbon deposits on spark plug
      Result
      Proceed to
      NEXT

    NEXT

  2. CHECK DTC OUTPUT


    1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Turn the GTS on.

    4. Perform a road test.

    5. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Trouble Codes.

    6. Read the DTCs.


      Powertrain > Engine > Trouble Codes
      Result
      Result Proceed to
      DTCs are not output A
      DTC is output B

    B

    GO TO DTC CHART Click here

    A

  3. READ VEHICLE CONTROL HISTORY FREEZE FRAME DATA AND PERFORM SYMPTOM CONFIRMATION


    1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Turn the GTS on.

    4. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Utility / Vehicle Control History


      Powertrain > Engine > Utility
      Tester Display
      Vehicle Control History

      Tech Tips

      It is also possible to display Vehicle Control History during the Health Check, if "Store All Data" is selected.

    5. Confirm if any data relating to the problem symptoms exist in the Vehicle Control History.

      Tech Tips


      • The vehicle condition when the problem symptoms occurred can be determined by confirming the Vehicle Control History Freeze Frame Data.

      • As the Vehicle Control History data may be overwritten whenever the trigger conditions are met, make sure to save the Vehicle Control History data before performing any inspections.

      • Using information from the customer about when the problem symptom occurred, find the Freeze Frame Data with the appropriate Key Cycle, Total Distance Traveled, etc., to find vehicle history that may be related to the problem symptoms.

    6. Check if the problem symptoms stated by the customer are currently occurring.

      Tech Tips


      • By using snapshot to store the Data List, the Data List items can be compared to the Vehicle Control History.

      • If the problem symptoms cannot be reproduced, refer to Check for Intermittent Problems, and try to reproduce the conditions when the problem symptoms occurred as stated by the customer. If the problem symptoms still cannot be reproduced, perform the following procedure.

        Click here

    7. Read the Data List or the Vehicle Control History Freeze Frame Data.

      Tech Tips


      • If the malfunction is currently occurring, compare the values of the Data List items with the Vehicle Control History Freeze Frame Data.

      • If the malfunction is not currently occurring, read the Vehicle Control History Freeze Frame Data.

      Result
      Vehicle Control History Vehicle Control History Freeze Frame Data / Data List While Problem Symptoms Are Occurring Suspected Area Proceed to

      Engine Difficult to Start (Engine Starting Time Long) is stored

      (Vehicle Control History Code: X0810)

      		 Engine speed is 0 rpm (engine does not crank) Battery depletion, excessive engine friction, starter malfunction or crankshaft position sensor malfunction A
      Engine speed is between 100 and 500 rpm (engine cranks but combustion does not occur, initial combustion delays or combustion occurs late) Ignition system, fuel system malfunction or wire harness B

      Engine Difficult to Start (Engine Stall Immediately After Starting) is stored

      (Vehicle Control History Code: X0811)

      		 -

      • Improper fuel injection volume (too low or too high)

      • If Long FT is out of specified range: insufficient fuel supply due to clogging of injectors or fuel pump

      • If engine cranking speed is high: compression loss due to deposits caught on valves

      		 B
      ISC F/B Learn Torque is 15 Nm or higher The offset correction value is insufficient due to deposits in the throttle body causing a low idle air flow rate. C

      Engine Difficult to Start (Immobiliser) is stored

      (Vehicle Control History Code: X0812)

      		 - The engine stalled due to operation of immobiliser system. Check the immobiliser system for malfunctions. D
      The malfunction is not currently occurring and there is no Vehicle Control History related to the problem symptoms stated by the customer. B

    A

    GO TO STEP 6 Click here

    C

    GO TO STEP 32 Click here

    D

    GO TO SMART ENTRY AND START SYSTEM Click here

    B

  4. CHECK INTERVIEW RESULT


    1. Check the interview result.

      Result
      Result Proceed to
      Engine is difficult to start only when the vehicle has been left as is for a long time (1 hour or more) A
      Other than above B

    B

    CHECK CRANKING Click here

    A

  5. INSPECT FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY


    1. Clean the inside of the intake manifold with compressed air.

    2. After stopping the engine, measure the HC concentration inside the surge tank for 15 minutes.

      Result
      Result Proceed to
      Less than 4000 ppm A
      4000 ppm or higher B

      Tech Tips


      • If the concentration is 4000 ppm or higher, a fuel injector assembly may have a sealing problem.

      • Perform "Inspection After Repair" after replacing the fuel injector assembly.

        Click here


    B

    REPLACE FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY

    A

  6. CHECK CRANKING


    1. Check the engine cranking operation.

      Result
      Result Proceed to
      The engine does not crank or cranks slowly A
      The engine cranks normally B

    B

    SYMPTOM CONFIRMATION Click here

    A

  7. INSPECT BATTERY


    1. Inspect the battery.

      Click here

      Result
      Proceed to
      OK
      NG

    OK

    CHECK STARTER SIGNAL CIRCUIT Click here

    NG

    CHARGE OR REPLACE BATTERY

  8. SYMPTOM CONFIRMATION


    1. Check if the problem symptoms reported in the customer problem analysis recur.

      Tech Tips

      If the problem symptoms do not recur, attempt to reproduce the conditions when the malfunction occurred based on the result of the customer problem analysis.

      Result
      Result Proceed to
      The problem symptom recurs A
      The problem symptom does not recur (occurred in the past) B

    B

    CHECK FOR INTERMITTENT PROBLEMS Click here

    A

  9. CHECK INITIAL COMBUSTION


    1. Check that the engine starts or there is initial combustion.

      Tech Tips

      If there is no initial combustion, perform a simple spark test by removing the bolt of the ignition coil assembly, partially lifting the ignition coil assembly, and checking for spark.

      Click here

      Result
      Result Proceed to
      The engine starts or there is initial combustion A
      There is no initial combustion and no spark occurs B

    B

    CHECK IGNITION SYSTEM Click here

    A

  10. READ VALUE USING GTS (ISC F/B LEARN TORQUE)


    1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Turn the GTS on.

    4. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Data List / ISC F/B Learn Torque.


      Powertrain > Engine > Data List
      Tester Display
      ISC F/B Learn Torque

    5. Read the value displayed on the GTS.

      Result
      Result Proceed to
      Less than 15 Nm A
      Other than above B

    B

    REMOVE FOREIGN OBJECT (CLEAN THROTTLE BODY WITH MOTOR ASSEMBLY) Click here

    A

  11. READ VALUE USING GTS (SHORT FT B1S1 AND LONG FT B1S1)


    1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Turn the GTS on.

    4. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Data List / Short FT B1S1 and Long FT B1S1.


      Powertrain > Engine > Data List
      Tester Display
      Short FT B1S1
      Long FT B1S1

    5. Read the value displayed on the GTS.

      Result
      Data List Result Proceed to
      Short FT B1S1 + Long FT B1S1 -20% or higher, or less than 20% A
      Other than above B

      Tech Tips


      • "Total FT Bank 1" is used to detect an abnormal air fuel ratio. As the value of "Total FT Bank 1" is corrected by the ECM before it is displayed in the Data List, the displayed value may not be equal to the sum of the measured "Short FT B1S1" and "Long FT B1S1".

      • An abnormally lean or rich tendency can be checked by reading the following Data List items: A/F Learn Value Idle Bank 1, A/F Learn Value Low Bank 1, A/F Learn Value Mid No.1 Bank 1, A/F Learn Value Mid No.2 Bank 1, A/F Learn Value High Bank 1, A/F Learn Value Low (Dual) Bank 1, A/F Learn Value Mid (Dual) No.1 Bank 1, A/F Learn Value Mid (Dual) No.2 Bank 1 and A/F Learn Value High (Dual) Bank 1.

      • The following may cause a lean air fuel ratio (an operating range in which the air fuel ratio learned value correction is +20% or more):


        1. Decrease in fuel injector assembly injection volume

        2. Decrease in mass air flow meter sub-assembly output (due to existence of foreign matter)

        3. Air leaks in intake system after mass air flow meter sub-assembly

        4. Decrease in fuel pressure (at fuel filter, fuel pump, fuel main valve assembly or fuel suction plate sub-assembly)

      • On vehicles which the learning value for each operating range can be checked, if the value of "A/F Learn Value High Bank 1" or "A/F Learn Value High (Dual) Bank 1" only is corrected to the positive side, a malfunction in the fuel system (clogging of the fuel pump or fuel filter) is suspected.

      • On vehicles which the learning value for each operating range can be checked, if the value of "A/F Learn Value Idle Bank 1", "A/F Learn Value Low Bank 1" or "A/F Learn Value Low (Dual) Bank 1" only is corrected to the positive side, an air leak after the mass air flow meter sub-assembly is suspected.

      • The following may cause a rich air fuel ratio (an operating range in which the air fuel ratio learned value correction is -20% or less):


        1. Increase in the fuel injector assembly injection volume

        2. Purge VSV system


    B

    GO TO STEP 20 Click here

    A

  12. PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS (D-4S (FUEL CUT))


    1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

    2. Start the engine.

      Tech Tips

      Reproduce the vehicle conditions when the malfunction occurred. (such as after the engine is warmed up or after a cold start).

    3. Turn the GTS on.

    4. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Active Test / D-4S (Fuel Cut) / Data List / Engine Speed.


      Powertrain > Engine > Active Test
      Active Test Display
      D-4S (Fuel Cut)
      Data List Display
      Engine Speed

    5. According to the display on the GTS, perform the Active Test and check for a malfunctioning cylinder.

      Tech Tips


      • Perform fuel-cut of port injection and direct injection for each cylinder and check the change in the engine speed.

      • If the engine speed of a cylinder does not change while performing the Active Test, it can be determined that the cylinder is malfunctioning.

      • If the engine speed of all cylinders change while performing the Active Test, it can be determined that multiple cylinders are malfunctioning.

      • A cylinder for which the Data List item "Misfire Count Cylinder #1 to #4" increases may be malfunctioning.

      Result
      Result Proceed to
      One cylinder is malfunctioning A
      Multiple or all cylinders are malfunctioning, or the malfunctioning cylinder cannot be determined. B

    B

    PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS (CONTROL THE EGR STEP POSITION) Click here

    A

  13. PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS (CHECK THE CYLINDER COMPRESSION)

    Tech Tips

    If the vehicle does not support the Active Test "Check the Cylinder Compression", measure the compression pressure. If the compression pressure is normal, go to step 14 (PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS (D-4S (INJECTION VOLUME))).


    1. Warm up the engine.

    2. Turn the ignition switch off.

    3. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

    4. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    5. Turn the GTS on.

    6. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Active Test / Check the Cylinder Compression / Data List / Compression / Engine Speed Cylinder #1 to #4 and Average Engine Speed of All Cylinder.


      Powertrain > Engine > Active Test
      Active Test Display
      Check the Cylinder Compression
      Data List Display
      Engine Speed Cylinder #1
      Engine Speed Cylinder #2
      Engine Speed Cylinder #3
      Engine Speed Cylinder #4
      Average Engine Speed of All Cylinder

      Tech Tips

      To display the entire Data List, press the pull down menu button next to Primary. Then select Compression.

    7. Push the snapshot button to turn the snapshot function on.

      Tech Tips

      Using the snapshot function, data can be recorded during the Active Test.

    8. While the engine is not running, press the Active button to change Check the Cylinder Compression to "Start".

      Tech Tips

      After performing the above procedure, Check the Cylinder Compression will start. Fuel injection for all cylinders is prohibited and each cylinder engine speed measurement enters standby mode.

    9. Crank the engine for about 10 seconds.

    10. Monitor the engine speed (Engine Speed Cylinder #1 to #4 and Average Engine Speed of All Cylinder) displayed on the GTS.

      Note


      • Do not crank the engine continuously for 20 seconds or more.

      • If it is necessary to crank the engine again after Check the Cylinder Compression has been changed to "Start" and the engine has been cranked once, press Exit to return to the Active Test menu screen. Then change Check the Cylinder Compression to "Start" and crank the engine.

      • Make sure the battery is fully charged before performing this Active Test.

      Tech Tips


      • At first, the GTS will display extremely high cylinder engine speed values. After approximately 10 seconds of engine cranking, the engine speed measurement of each cylinder will change to the actual engine speed.

      • If the cylinder engine speed values (Engine Speed Cylinder #1 to #4) displayed in the Data List do not change from an extremely high value, return to the Active Test menu screen, change "Check the Cylinder Compression" to "Start" and crank the engine again within 1 second.

    11. Stop cranking the engine, and then change "Check the Cylinder Compression" to "Stop" after the engine stops.

      Note


      • If the Active Test is changed to "Stop" while the engine is being cranked, the engine will start.

      • When performing the Active Test, Vehicle Control History code X0810 (Engine Difficult to Start (Engine Starting Time Long)) may be stored.

      • After performing the Active Test, make sure to check and clear DTCs.

    12. Push the snapshot button to turn the snapshot function off.

    13. Select "Stored Data" on the GTS screen, select the recorded data and display the data as a graph.

      Tech Tips

      If the data is not displayed as a graph, the change of the values cannot be observed.

    14. Read the value.

      Tech Tips


      • If the value of Data List item "Engine Speed Cylinder" of a cylinder is higher than other cylinders, the cylinder may be malfunctioning.

      • If the value of Data List item "Engine Speed Cylinder" is high for only one cylinder, compression loss is suspected.

      Result
      Result Proceed to

      There is no variation in "Engine Speed Cylinder"

      (All cylinders display approximately the same value for "Engine Speed Cylinder")

      		 A

      There is variation in "Engine Speed Cylinder"

      (Only one cylinder displays a value for "Engine Speed Cylinder" that differs considerably)

      		 B

    B

    CHECK CYLINDER COMPRESSION PRESSURE Click here

    A

  14. PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS (D-4S (INJECTION VOLUME))


    1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Turn the GTS on.

    4. Start the engine and warm it up until the engine coolant temperature 75°C (167°F) or higher with all the accessories switched off.

    5. Idle the engine.

    6. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Active Test / D-4S (Injection Volume) / Data List / Coolant Temperature.


      Powertrain > Engine > Active Test
      Active Test Display
      D-4S (Injection Volume)
      Data List Display
      Coolant Temperature

    7. According to the display on the GTS, perform the Active Test and check the vehicle conditions when increasing and decreasing the fuel injection volume of port injection and direct injection.

      Tech Tips


      • Increase and decrease the fuel injection volume of the port injection and direct injection simultaneously and check the vehicle condition.

      • Change the fuel injection volume between the minimum and maximum range of correction (e.g. -12.5% to 24.8%).

      Result
      Result Proceed to
      Malfunction is still present even if the fuel injection volume is changed A
      Malfunction disappears when the fuel injection volume is changed B

    B

    REPLACE FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY Click here

    A

  15. CHECK IGNITION SYSTEM


    1. Check the ignition system.

      Tech Tips


      • Interchange the ignition coil assembly and spark plug of the malfunctioning cylinder with those of a known good cylinder and check if the malfunctioning cylinder returns to normal.

      • If the spark plug of the malfunctioning cylinder is abnormally wet with fuel even after the ignition coil assembly and spark plug are replaced, a leaking fuel injector assembly is suspected.

      Result
      Result Proceed to
      The malfunctioning cylinder does not return to normal A
      The malfunctioning cylinder returned to normal B

    B

    GO TO STEP 35 Click here

    A

  16. INSPECT OTHER RELATED COMPONENTS


    1. Check the power source circuit, wire harness and connectors.

      Result
      Proceed to
      NEXT

    NEXT

    GO TO STEP 35 Click here

  17. REPLACE FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY


    1. Replace the abnormal fuel injector assembly.

      Tech Tips


      • If the air fuel ratio learned value is corrected to the positive side for all operating ranges due to low fuel injector assembly injection volume, replace the fuel injector assemblies of all cylinders.

      • Perform "Inspection After Repair" after replacing the fuel injector assembly.

        Click here

      Result
      Proceed to
      NEXT

    NEXT

    GO TO STEP 36 Click here

  18. CHECK CYLINDER COMPRESSION PRESSURE


    1. Measure the cylinder compression pressure. If the compression pressure of a cylinder is low, inspect the engine assembly and repair or replace parts as necessary.

      Click here

      Result
      Proceed to
      NEXT

    NEXT

    GO TO STEP 35 Click here

  19. PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS (CONTROL THE EGR STEP POSITION)


    1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Turn the GTS on.

    4. Start the engine and warm it up until the engine coolant temperature reaches 75°C (167°F) or higher.

      Tech Tips

      The A/C switch and all accessory switches should be off.

    5. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Active Test / Control the EGR Step Position / Data List / Engine Speed and Coolant Temperature.


      Powertrain > Engine > Active Test
      Active Test Display
      Control the EGR Step Position
      Data List Display
      Engine Speed
      Coolant Temperature

    6. Perform the Active Test and check the vehicle condition when operating the EGR valve assembly.

      Note


      • Do not leave the EGR valve open for 10 seconds or more during the Active Test.

      • Be sure to return the EGR valve to step 0 when the Active Test is completed.

      • Do not open the EGR valve 30 steps or more during the Active Test.

      Tech Tips

      Operate the EGR valve between step 0 and 30 when performing this step.

      Result
      Result Proceed to

      Vehicle condition changes during the Active Test

      (Malfunction occurs when the EGR valve is open and disappears when the EGR valve is closed)

      		 A

      Vehicle condition does not change during the Active Test

      (Malfunction occurs whether the EGR valve is open or closed)

      		 B

      Tech Tips

      During Active Test, if the idling condition does not change in response to EGR step position, then there is probably a malfunction in the EGR valve.


    B

    REPLACE EGR VALVE ASSEMBLY Click here

    A

  20. READ VALUE USING GTS (MASS AIR FLOW SENSOR)


    1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Turn the GTS on.

    4. Start the engine and warm it up until the engine coolant temperature 75°C (167°F) or higher with all the accessories switched off.

    5. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Data List / Engine Speed, Mass Air Flow Sensor and Coolant Temperature.


      Powertrain > Engine > Data List
      Tester Display
      Engine Speed
      Mass Air Flow Sensor
      Coolant Temperature

    6. According to the display on the GTS, read the Data List when the ignition switch is turned to ON and while maintaining an engine speed of 3000 rpm.

      Result
      Result Proceed to
      Other than below A

      Ignition switch ON (engine stopped): 0.56 gm/sec or higher

      Engine speed 3000 rpm (without load): Less than 7.5 gm/sec

      		 B

    B

    CHECK INTAKE SYSTEM Click here

    A

  21. PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS (D-4S (INJECTION VOLUME))


    1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Turn the GTS on.

    4. Start the engine and warm it up until the engine coolant temperature 75°C (167°F) or higher with all the accessories switched off.

    5. Warm up the air fuel ratio sensors at an engine speed of 2500 rpm for 90 seconds.

    6. Idle the engine.

    7. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Active Test / D-4S (Injection Volume) / Data List / Coolant Temperature, A/F (O2) Sensor Current B1S1 and A/F (O2) Sensor Current B1S2.


      Powertrain > Engine > Active Test
      Active Test Display
      D-4S (Injection Volume)
      Data List Display
      Coolant Temperature
      A/F (O2) Sensor Current B1S1
      A/F (O2) Sensor Current B1S2

    8. According to the display on the GTS, perform the Active Test and check the vehicle conditions when increasing and decreasing the fuel injection volume of port injection and direct injection.

      Note


      • The air fuel ratio sensor (sensor 1) has an output delay of a few seconds and the air fuel ratio sensor (sensor 2) has a maximum output delay of approximately 20 seconds.

      • Read the output current immediately after warming up the air fuel ratio sensors to avoid an inaccurate reading due to a sensor cooling.

      Tech Tips


      • Increase and decrease the fuel injection volume of the port injection and direct injection simultaneously and check the vehicle condition.

      • Change the fuel injection volume between -12 to 12%.

      Standard

      GTS Display

      (Sensor)

      		 Injection Volume Current

      A/F (O2) Sensor Current B1S1

      (Air fuel ratio (sensor 1))

      		 12% Below -0.075 mA
      -12% More than 0.037 mA

      A/F (O2) Sensor Current B1S2

      (Air fuel ratio (sensor 2))

      		 12% Below -0.86 mA
      -12% More than 0.33 mA
      Result
      Result Proceed to
      Output current values are abnormal A
      Malfunction disappears when fuel injection volume is increased B
      Malfunction is still present when fuel injection volume is increased, even if output current values are normal C

    B

    REPLACE FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY Click here

    C

    PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS (ACTIVATE THE CIRCUIT RELAY) Click here

    A

  22. REPLACE AIR FUEL RATIO SENSORS


    1. Replace the air fuel ratio sensor (sensor 1).

      Click here

      Tech Tips

      Perform "Inspection After Repair" after replacing the air fuel ratio sensor (sensor 1).

      Click here

    2. Replace the air fuel ratio sensor (sensor 2).

      Click here

      Tech Tips

      Perform "Inspection After Repair" after replacing the air fuel ratio sensor (sensor 2).

      Click here

      Result
      Proceed to
      NEXT

    NEXT

    GO TO STEP 36 Click here

  23. REPLACE FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY


    1. Replace the fuel injector assemblies of all cylinders.

      Tech Tips

      Perform "Inspection After Repair" after replacing the fuel injector assembly.

      Click here

      Result
      Proceed to
      NEXT

    NEXT

    GO TO STEP 36 Click here

  24. PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS (ACTIVATE THE CIRCUIT RELAY)


    1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Turn the GTS on.

    4. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Active Test / Activate the Circuit Relay.


      Powertrain > Engine > Active Test
      Tester Display
      Activate the Circuit Relay

    5. When performing the Active Test, check for an operating sound from the fuel pump (for low pressure side).

      OK
      Activate the Circuit Relay Specified Condition
      ON Operating sound heard
      OFF Operating sound not heard
      Result
      Proceed to
      OK
      NG

    NG

    REPLACE FUEL PUMP (FOR LOW PRESSURE SIDE) Click here

    OK

  25. INSPECT FUEL PUMP (FOR LOW PRESSURE SIDE)


    1. Attach a fuel pressure gauge and check the fuel pressure when cranking the engine and after stopping the engine.

      Click here

      Standard
      Vehicle State Specified Condition
      Cranking engine

      196 to 833 kPa (2.0 to 8.5 kgf/cm2, 28 to 121 psi)
      5 minutes after stopping engine

      98 kPa (1.0 kgf/cm2, 14.2 psi) or higher

      Tech Tips


      • If there is foreign matter such as iron particles on the fuel pump, remove it.

      • Make sure that there are no leaks from the fuel lines, signs of fuel leakage or fuel odors.

      Result
      Proceed to
      OK
      NG

    NG

    INSPECT RELATED PARTS Click here

    OK

  26. READ VALUE USING GTS (FUEL PRESSURE (HIGH))


    1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

    2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    3. Turn the GTS on.

    4. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Data List / Engine Speed, Coolant Temperature, Fuel Pressure (High) and Injection Mode.


      Powertrain > Engine > Data List
      Tester Display
      Engine Speed
      Coolant Temperature
      Fuel Pressure (High)
      Injection Mode

    5. Start the engine and warm it up until the engine coolant temperature is 75°C (167°F) or higher with all the accessories switched off.

    6. According to the display on the GTS, read the Data List.

      Standard
      GTS Display Condition Specified Condition
      Fuel Pressure (High)

      • Shift position: P

      • A/C: Off

      • Engine warmed up

      • Engine Speed: 3000 rpm

      • Injection Mode: Direct

      		 2400 to 19500 kPag
      Result
      Proceed to
      OK
      NG

    NG

    GO TO STEP 35 Click here

    OK

  27. INSPECT OTHER RELATED COMPONENTS


    1. Inspect other related components.

      Tech Tips

      If the malfunctioning part could not be determined by performing the preceding inspections, one of the following malfunctions is suspected.


      • Deposits in the intake manifold or on an intake valve

      • Delay in fuel supply due to adherence of the fuel to the deposits

      Result
      Proceed to
      NEXT

    NEXT

    GO TO STEP 35 Click here

  28. INSPECT RELATED PARTS


    1. Inspect the following fuel pump related parts:


      • Fuel suction plate sub-assembly

      • Fuel main valve assembly

      • Fuel lines and connecting parts

      • Fuel filter

      Result
      Proceed to
      NEXT

    NEXT

    GO TO STEP 35 Click here

  29. REPLACE FUEL PUMP (FOR LOW PRESSURE SIDE)


    1. Replace the fuel pump (for low pressure side).

      Click here

      Tech Tips

      Perform "Inspection After Repair" after replacing the fuel pump (for low pressure side).

      Click here

      Result
      Proceed to
      NEXT

    NEXT

    GO TO STEP 36 Click here

  30. CHECK INTAKE SYSTEM


    1. Check for air leaks or blockage in the intake system components. If a connection problem or foreign matter is found, repair the connection or remove the foreign matter.

      Tech Tips


      • If there is foreign matter in the intake system components, remove it before proceeding to the next step.

      • If there is no foreign matter in the intake system components, check for foreign matter in the mass air flow meter sub-assembly. If there is foreign matter in the mass air flow meter sub-assembly, remove it.

      Result
      Proceed to
      NEXT

    NEXT

    GO TO STEP 35 Click here

  31. REPLACE EGR VALVE ASSEMBLY


    1. Replace the EGR valve assembly.

      Click here

      Tech Tips

      Perform "Inspection After Repair" after replacing the EGR valve assembly.

      Click here

      Result
      Proceed to
      NEXT

    NEXT

    GO TO STEP 36 Click here

  32. REMOVE FOREIGN OBJECT (CLEAN THROTTLE BODY WITH MOTOR ASSEMBLY)


    1. Clean off any deposits from the inside of the throttle body with motor assembly.

    2. Push open the throttle valve and wipe off any carbon from the valve and bore using a piece of cloth soaked in non-residue solvent.

      B006ZMKC01
      *1 Throttle Body with Motor Assembly *2 Bore
      *3 Valve - -
      *a Reference *b Throttle Body with Motor Assembly Cross-section Diagram
      *c When valve fully opened *d Do not directly apply cleaner
      *e Deposits - -

      Note


      • Make sure that the cloth or your fingers do not get caught in the valve.

      • Make sure that foreign matter does not enter the throttle valve.

      • Do not directly apply non-residue solvent to the throttle body with motor assembly or wash the throttle body with motor assembly. Cleaning solvent may leak into the motor from the shaft and cause problems such as rust or valve movement problems.

      • If there is coating material on the edge of the valve, be careful not to remove it.

      Tech Tips

      The illustrations are for reference only. Actual parts may differ.

      Result
      Proceed to
      NEXT

    NEXT

  33. PERFORM CONFIRMATION DRIVING PATTERN


    1. Perform "Inspection After Repair" after cleaning the throttle body with motor assembly.

      Click here

    2. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

    3. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

    4. Turn the GTS on.

    5. Start the engine and warm it up until the engine coolant temperature reaches 75°C (167°F) or higher.

    6. Allow the engine to idle for 3 minutes or more and confirm that the engine speed is within the specified range.

      Tech Tips

      If the engine is operated without performing learning value reset and idle learning after cleaning the deposits from the throttle body with motor assembly, the idle speed may increase.

      Result
      Proceed to
      NEXT

    NEXT

    GO TO STEP 36 Click here

  34. CHECK IGNITION SYSTEM


    1. Perform a spark test.

      Click here

      Tech Tips


      • If there is a malfunction for a specific cylinder, exchange the ignition coil assembly and spark plug of the malfunctioning cylinder with that of another cylinder and check if the malfunction disappears.

      • If the malfunction does not disappear after the ignition coil assembly and spark plug is exchanged or spark does not occur for any cylinder, inspect the ignition circuit.

        Click here

      Result
      Proceed to
      NEXT

    NEXT

  35. REPAIR OR REPLACE MALFUNCTIONING PARTS


    1. Repair or replace the malfunctioning part.

      Tech Tips

      Perform "Inspection After Repair" after repairing or replacing the malfunctioning part.

      Click here

      Result
      Proceed to
      NEXT

    NEXT

  36. CONDUCT CONFIRMATION TEST


    1. Check that the engine has returned to normal.

      Result
      Proceed to
      NEXT

    NEXT

    END