ENGINE ON-VEHICLE INSPECTION

PROCEDURE

INSPECT ENGINE COOLANT

Click here
INSPECT ENGINE OIL

Click here
INSPECT BATTERY

Click here
INSPECT AIR CLEANER FILTER ELEMENT SUB-ASSEMBLY
1. Remove the air cleaner filter element sub-assembly.
2. Visually check that the air cleaner filter element sub-assembly is not excessively damaged or oily. If necessary, replace the air cleaner filter element sub-assembly.
  Tech Tips
  - If there is any dirt or a blockage in the air cleaner filter element sub-assembly, clean it with compressed air.
  - If any dirt or a blockage remains even after cleaning the air cleaner filter element sub-assembly with compressed air, replace it.
3. Install the air cleaner filter element sub-assembly.
INSPECT SPARK PLUG

Click here
INSPECT VALVE LASH ADJUSTER ASSEMBLY NOISE
1. Rev up the engine several times. Check that the engine does not emit unusual noises.
  
  If unusual noises occur, warm up the engine and idle it for over 30 minutes. Then perform the inspection above again.
  
  If any defects or problems are found during the inspection above, perform a valve lash adjuster assembly inspection Click here.
INSPECT IGNITION TIMING
1. Warm up and stop the engine.
2. When using the GTS:
  1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.
  2. Start the engine and idle it.
  3. Turn the GTS on.
  4. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Data List / IGN Advance.
    
    Standard ignition timing
    
    BTDC 5 to 15 deg. at idle
    Note
    
    Check the ignition timing with the cooling fans off.
    
    Turn all electrical systems and the A/C off.
    
    When checking the ignition timing, the shift lever should be in N.
    Tech Tips
    
    Refer to the GTS operator's manual for further details.
    
    If the ignition timing is not as specified, check the valve timing.
  5. Check that the ignition timing advances immediately when the engine speed is increased.
  6. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Active Test / Connect the TC and TE1 / ON.
  7. Monitor IGN Advance of the Data List.
    
    Standard ignition timing
    
    BTDC 8 to 12 deg. at idle
    Note
    
    Check the ignition timing with the cooling fans off.
    
    Turn all electrical systems and the A/C off.
    
    When checking the ignition timing, the shift lever should be in N.
    Tech Tips
    
    Refer to the GTS operator's manual for further details.
    
    If the ignition timing is not as specified, check the valve timing.
  8. Enter the following menus: Connect the TC and TE1 / OFF.
  9. Turn the engine switch off.
  10. Disconnect the GTS from the DLC3.
3. When not using the GTS:
  1. Text in Illustration
    
    *1 DLC3
    
    Using SST, connect terminals 13 (TC) and 4 (CG) of the DLC3.
    
    SST
    
    09843-18040
    
    Note
    
    Confirm the terminals before connecting them. Connecting the wrong terminals may result in damage to electrical components.
  2. Remove the No. 1 engine cover sub-assembly.
  3. Pull out the wire harness.
    
    Note
    
    After checking, wrap the wire harness with tape.
  4. Connect the clip of a timing light to the wire harness.
    
    Note
    
    Use a timing light that detects primary signals.
  5. Inspect the ignition timing at idle.
    
    Standard ignition timing
    
    8 to 12° BTDC at idle
    
    Note
    
    Check the ignition timing with the cooling fans off.
    
    Turn all electrical systems and the A/C off.
    
    When checking the ignition timing, the shift lever should be in N.
    
    If the ignition timing is not as specified, check the valve timing.
  6. Disconnect terminals 13 (TC) and 4 (CG) of the DLC3.
  7. Inspect the ignition timing at idle.
    
    Standard ignition timing
    
    5 to 15° BTDC at idle
    
    Note
    
    Check the ignition timing with the cooling fans off.
    
    Turn all electrical systems and the A/C off.
    
    When checking the ignition timing, the shift lever should be in N.
    
    If the ignition timing is not as specified, check the valve timing.
  8. Confirm that the ignition timing advances when the engine rpm is increased.
  9. Remove the timing light.
  10. Install the No. 1 engine cover sub-assembly.
INSPECT ENGINE IDLE SPEED
1. Warm up and stop the engine.
2. When using the GTS:
  1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.
  2. Race the engine at 2500 rpm for approximately 90 seconds.
  3. Turn the GTS on.
  4. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine / Data List / Engine Speed.
    
    Tech Tips
    
    Refer to the GTS operator's manual for further details.
  5. Inspect the engine idle speed.
    
    Standard idle speed
    
    610 to 710 rpm
    Note
    - Check the engine idle speed with the cooling fans off.
    - Turn all electrical systems and the A/C off.
    - When checking the engine idle speed, the shift lever should be in N.
    If the engine idle speed is not as specified, check the air intake system.
  6. Disconnect the GTS from the DLC3.
3. When not using the GTS:
  1. Text in Illustration
    
    *1 DLC3
    
    Using SST, connect a tachometer probe to terminal 9 (TAC) of the DLC3.
    
    SST
    
    09843-18030
    
    Note
    
    Confirm the terminal before connecting the tachometer probe. Connecting the wrong terminals may result in damage to electrical components.
  2. Race the engine at 2500 rpm for approximately 90 seconds.
  3. Check the idle speed.
    
    Standard idle speed
    
    610 to 710 rpm
    Note
    - Check the engine idle speed with the cooling fans off.
    - Turn all electrical systems and the A/C off.
    - When checking the engine idle speed, the shift lever should be in N.
    If the engine idle speed is not as specified, check the air intake system.
  4. Disconnect the tachometer probe from the DLC3.
INSPECT COMPRESSION
1. Warm up and stop the engine.
2. Check for DTCs Click here.
3. Remove the 4 spark plugs Click here.
4. Disconnect the 4 fuel injector connectors.
5. Insert a compression gauge into the spark plug hole.
6. Fully open the throttle.
7. While cranking the engine, measure the compression pressure.
  
  Standard compression pressure
  
  1450 kPa (14.8 kgf/cm², 210 psi)
  
  Minimum pressure
  
  980 kPa (10.0 kgf/cm², 142 psi)
  
  Difference between each cylinder
  
  100 kPa (1.0 kgf/cm², 15 psi)
  
  Tech Tips
  
  Always use a fully charged battery to obtain an engine speed of 250 rpm or more.
8. If the cylinder compression is low in one or more cylinders, pour a small amount of engine oil into the cylinder with low compression through its spark plug hole. Then inspect the cylinder compression pressure again.
  Tech Tips
  - If adding oil helps boost the compression, it is likely that the piston rings and/or cylinder bore is worn or damaged.
  - If the pressure stays low, a valve may be stuck or seated improperly, or there may be leakage from the head gasket.
9. Connect the 4 fuel injector connectors.
10. Install the 4 spark plugs Click here.
11. Clear the DTCs Click here.

Standard ignition timing
BTDC 5 to 15 deg. at idle

Standard ignition timing
BTDC 8 to 12 deg. at idle

Text in Illustration
*1	DLC3

Standard ignition timing
8 to 12° BTDC at idle

Standard ignition timing
5 to 15° BTDC at idle

Standard idle speed
610 to 710 rpm

Text in Illustration
*1	DLC3

Standard idle speed
610 to 710 rpm

Standard compression pressure
1450 kPa (14.8 kgf/cm², 210 psi)

Minimum pressure
980 kPa (10.0 kgf/cm², 142 psi)

Difference between each cylinder
100 kPa (1.0 kgf/cm², 15 psi)

INSPECT CO/HC

Tech Tips

This check determines whether or not the idle CO/HC complies with regulations.

Start the engine.
Keep the engine speed at 2500 rpm for approximately 180 seconds.
Insert the CO/HC meter testing probe at least 40 cm (1.31 ft.) into the tailpipe during idling.

Check the CO/HC concentration at idle and when the engine is running at 2500 rpm.

Tech Tips

When doing a 2 mode (with the engine idling/ running at 2500 rpm) test, the measurement procedures are determined by applicable local regulations.
If the CO/HC concentration does not comply with the regulations, troubleshoot in the order given below.

Check the DTCs Click here.

See the table below for possible causes, then inspect the applicable parts and repair them if necessary.

CO	HC	Symptom	Causes
Normal	High	Rough idle	1. Faulty ignition Incorrect timing Plugs are contaminated or shorted, or gaps are defective 2. Leaky intake and exhaust valves 3. Leaky cylinder
Low	High	Rough idle (Fluctuating HC reading)	1. Vacuum leaks PCV hose Intake manifold Throttle body Brake booster line 2. Lean mixture causing misfire
High	High	Rough idle (Black smoke from exhaust)	1. Restricted air filter 2. Faulty SFI system Faulty pressure Defective ECT sensor Faulty ECM Faulty injector Faulty throttle position sensor Faulty MAF sensor

Symptom

Causes

Normal

High

Rough idle

1. Faulty ignition

Incorrect timing
Plugs are contaminated or shorted, or gaps are defective

2. Leaky intake and exhaust valves
3. Leaky cylinder

Low

High

Rough idle

(Fluctuating HC reading)

1. Vacuum leaks

PCV hose
Intake manifold
Throttle body
Brake booster line

2. Lean mixture causing misfire

High

Rough idle

(Black smoke from exhaust)

1. Restricted air filter
2. Faulty SFI system

Faulty pressure
Defective ECT sensor
Faulty ECM
Faulty injector
Faulty throttle position sensor
Faulty MAF sensor